The following list of 220 reconstructed Proto-Naish forms is from Appendix 2 (p.10-25) of Jacques & Michaud (2011).
Gloss | Proto-Naish |
---|---|
to win | *ŋga/*aC₁ |
strength | *Nka/*aC₁ |
bitter | *kʰa/*aC₁ |
to step across | *ŋga/*aC₁; *Nka/*aC₁ |
difficult | *Cka/*aC₁ |
knee | *ŋwa |
bowl | *kʰwa |
hoof | *kʰwa |
a pair | *dza |
to lock | *tsa |
wheat | *dza |
Naemorhedus goral | *sa |
steel (for flint) | *tsa |
salt | *tsʰa |
nephew | *Cdza |
to walk | *sa |
to borrow | *ŋi/*a |
fish | *ŋi/*a |
span | *twa |
tooth | *Swa |
rain | *Swa |
lake | *Swa |
cow | *wa |
to fall (rain) | *gra |
meat | *ɕa |
earth | *tra |
axe | *(S)mba |
to stumble | *(S)pa |
Bai (ethnic group) | *Sla |
linen | *(S)pʰa |
knife | *tʰa |
noble | *pʰa |
soul | *l̥a |
thin | *mba |
snow | *Smba |
village | *mba |
to do | *Cba |
tea | *la |
moon | *Sla |
ear | *l̥a |
trousers | *Sla |
female | *ma |
ask for | *ma |
butterfly | *la |
rabbit | *la |
this year | *Cba |
who | *na |
goat | *tsʰi |
oat | *zi |
south | *tɕʰi |
grass | *zi |
skin | *ri |
yellow | *ɕi |
to know | *si |
to die | *rsi |
to thread (beads) | *si |
new | *ɕi |
to tie | *tsi |
morning | *si |
girl | *mi |
fire | *mi |
to hear | *mi |
to forget | *mi |
lower side | *mi |
name | *mi |
star | *kri |
gallbladder | *kri |
medicine | *Swri |
tight | *kri |
liver | *siN |
wood | *siN |
to shave | *siN |
hot | *tsʰiN |
to plane down | *tʰi |
water | *gi |
to flow | *ji |
tongue | *hi |
two | *ŋi/*a |
sweet | *kʰi |
to sell | *tɕʰi |
thorn | *tɕʰi |
muntjac | *kʰi |
saliva | *tɕi |
saddle | *tɕi |
small | *tɕi |
to sleep | *ji |
to walk | *ŋgi |
to lose | *ni |
cloud | *tɕi |
urine | *mbi |
pus | *priN |
short | *rdiN |
grain | *rliN |
neck | *C-NkriN |
resin | *C-ŋgriN |
rope | *briN |
guest | *briN |
long | *ɕiN |
hunt | *ɕiN |
articulation | *rtsi |
wash | *rtsʰi |
medicine | *rtsʰi |
waist | *rtsi |
bright | *mbo |
dike | *mbo |
home | *o |
younger sister | *go |
winnowing fan | *mo |
lunch | *Cro |
cold (weather) | *ndro |
this morning | *ɕo |
to run away | *pʰo |
head | *SNko |
corpse | *mo |
to spread | *kʰo |
tomorrow | *so |
pine | *tʰo |
be ill | *ŋgo |
mushroom | *mo |
ring | *pru |
comb | *pru |
yak | *bru |
white | *pʰru |
to hoe up | *pru |
vertical | *tsu |
to sit | *ndzu |
winter | *tsʰu |
to hide | *tsu |
bald | *bu |
bug | *bu |
to lay eggs | *bu |
pan | *Cbu |
maternal uncle | *Cgu |
to sew | *C-ru |
creased, wrinkled | *C-ru |
to pass (time) | *gu |
body | *gu |
plow | *gu |
to fix | *gu |
nice | *gu |
bent | *gu |
owl | *hu |
year | *kʰu |
to steal | *kʰu |
classifier (men) | *ku |
Bai ethnic group | *bu |
to bark | *lu |
enough | *lu |
to wind (thread) | *lu |
larva | *lu |
to graze | *lu |
beard | *mu |
to dig | *ndu |
poison | *ndu |
wing | *ndu |
sickle | *Nku |
to steam | *Npu |
saddlecloth | *nu |
thunder | *ŋgu |
sinew | *ŋgu |
nine | *ŋgu |
to cry | *ŋu |
silver | *ŋu |
price | *pʰu |
male | *pʰu |
uncle’s uncle | *pʰu |
bladder | *pu |
amber | *pu |
rock | *rtu |
intestine | *Sbu |
garlic | *Sku |
kidneys | *Smbu |
dry | *Spu |
to go out | *tʰu |
to contaminate | *tru |
to plant | *Stu |
straight | *Stu |
thousand | *Stu |
hole | *tu |
sleeve | *qʰU |
swallow | *NqU |
cave | *qʰU |
throat | *qU |
horn | *qʰU |
fly | *bu r |
to hold | *rtsʰU |
lungs | *rtsʰU |
to cough | *rtsU |
chest | *Nka/*aC₁ |
to fell (a tree) | *ndaC₁ |
drum | *ndaC₁ |
all | *taC₁ |
slanted | *laC₁ taC₁ |
how much | *kʰa/*aC₁ |
in front of | *daC₁ |
to cover | *ka/*aC₁ |
to weave | *daC₁ |
black | *naC₁ |
sharp | *tʰaC₁ |
to hit | *laC₁ |
wolf | *pʰaC₁ |
vat, wooden basin | *laC₂ |
to be ashamed | *saC₂ |
to lean against | *tʰaC₂ |
slope | *taC₂ |
to hug | *taC₂ |
gruel | *haC₂ |
to see | *daC₂ |
valley | *laC₂ |
to climb | *ndaC₂ |
to jump | *tsʰaC₂ |
needle | *NkaC₂ |
to study | *saC₂ |
to work | *laC₂ |
pig | *SbaC |
hand | *laC₁/*laC₂ |
breath | *saC₁/*saC₂ |
thick | *laC₁/*laC₂ |
deep | *l̥aC₁/*l̥aC₂/*SnaC₁ |
to kill | *kʰaC₁/*aC₂ |