Washo word lists from Kroeber (1907) and the University of Chicago's Washo Documentation Project (2008):
Washo word list from Alfred L. Kroeber (1907):[1]
| gloss | Washo |
|---|---|
| man | tèliw’hu |
| woman | tamòmo |
| old man | mè’lu |
| old woman | nèntucu |
| young man | tewīwi |
| boy | mèhu |
| girl | caulamhu |
| baby | ñauñañ |
| person, Indian | t’anu |
| white man | tabò |
| Washo | wāc’iu |
| Paiute | pāleu |
| medicine-man | mòmliu |
| chief | deu-beyu |
| ghost | deuh-yuli |
| monster | mucèkeu |
| father | -koi |
| mother | -la |
| parents | -malolo |
| son | -ñam |
| daughter | -ñam-u |
| child | -ñam-iñ |
| older brother | -āt’u |
| younger brother | -peyu |
| older sister | -īsa |
| younger sister | -wits’uk |
| paternal grandfather, man’s son’s child | -bapa |
| maternal grandfather, man’s daughter’s child | -elel |
| paternal grandmother, woman’s sons’s child | -ama |
| maternal grandmother, woman’s daughter’s child | -gu |
| father’s brother | -euci |
| mother’s brother | -ta |
| father’s sister | -ya |
| mother’s sister | -ca’ca |
| man’s brother’s child | -māca |
| man’s sister’s child | -māgu |
| woman’s brother’s or sister’s child | -cèmuk |
| wife | -mlaya |
| husband (meli, make a fire) | -bu-meli |
| parent-in-law | -ayuk |
| son-in-law (añal-i, live) | -bu-añali |
| daughter-in-law | -eyec |
| man’s brother-in-law | -ulādut |
| man’s brother’s wife (“my brother’s child its mother”) | -māc-da-la |
| woman’s brother’s wife, husband’s sister | -yañil |
| woman’s husband’s brother (“child its father’s brother’’) | -ñam-iñ de-euci |
| head | d-ihep |
| hair | d-ayuc |
| nose | cuyep |
| eye | wīki |
| mouth | haña |
| tongue | madut |
| tooth | d-īyek |
| finger | tuli’-tsᴇk |
| nail | tuli-pi |
| hand | d-ādu |
| arm | d-aliñ |
| elbow | d-utsu |
| knee | mòko |
| leg | d-a’hɪl |
| thigh | yo’wi |
| breast | cū |
| back | d-acuk |
| belly | tsi-gūguc |
| ribs | memeu |
| penis | mukuc |
| vagina | d-ībis |
| anus | tsaña |
| hip | tsi-mībi |
| navel | dīp |
| umbilical cord (‘‘baby live’’) | ñauwañ-añal |
| intestines | āya |
| heart | d-emli |
| liver | d-ilek |
| kidney | tsi-gal |
| gall | d-iceu |
| neck | d-ību |
| chin | ts’ats’a |
| beard | tsi-mel |
| eyebrow | peguhul |
| bone | di-bikeñ |
| house | d-añal |
| bow | balohat |
| arrow | meskitsᴇt |
| knife | tāwi |
| medicine | mutsuk |
| basket | ts’iñam |
| money (cf. pay) | bècu |
| earth-covered dance-house | dayalimi |
| water | d-ime, t-ime |
| rock | dèk, tèk |
| sun, moon, month | d-ībe |
| day | èbe |
| earth | ñauwa |
| star | ma’losañ |
| cloud | taumahum |
| wind | teweskīm |
| tree | deudic |
| stick, wood | mak |
| night | da-pauwit |
| year | galis |
| fire | t’-īyu |
| dog | suku |
| dog (with pronominal prefix) | -gucu |
| deer | memdewi |
| elk | hañakmuwe |
| buffalo | gusu |
| antelope | ayᴀs |
| coyote | ke’we |
| wolf | tulīci |
| bear | made |
| grizzly bear | t’āba |
| jackrabbit | peleu |
| rabbit | tsali’ |
| fox | mogop |
| skunk | tupīpiwi |
| badger | hò’la |
| ground squirrel | bāsat |
| tree squirrel | bīwi |
| gopher | delem |
| bird | sīsu |
| eagle | patalñi |
| crow | kāgi |
| rattlesnake | māki |
| frog | kòta |
| lizard | pī’teli |
| all | mīle |
| everywhere ("all-at") | mīla’a |
| several | èwe |
| constantly | iweyèsi |
| many | t’èkyu |
| large | t’iyeli |
| small | behètsiñ |
| good | t-añau |
| worthless | nuci |
| black | t’al-yāwi |
| white | dāl-pòpoi |
| red | dal-cocoñi |
| blue | del-pīlpili |
| green, yellow, copper | dal-tsatsami |
| dark red | del-elegi |
| rich | -bilāta |
| yes | ye’ |
| no | ès |
| today | èbe |
| yesterday | lot |
| tomorrow | wat |
| midnight | le’lem |
| also | -sa |
| one, the one | cemu |
Washo Online Lexicon (2008):[2]
| Washo | Part of speech | English gloss |
|---|---|---|
| -asaʔs | adv. | still |
| a | NS | |
| a:daʔ | v. | to make, do |
| a:daʔ | n. | bed |
| a:saʔ | adv. | again |
| a:š | v. | (to come) in, into; enter |
| a:šaʔ | root | to urinate; urine |
| abaluš | NS | |
| ahl | n. | leg |
| alaʔ | v. | (baby) to nurse |
| anʒiš | n. | orange |
| apš | n. | body |
| asusu | v. | to split |
| at'ig | root | to bite (sg.) to death, to kill by biting |
| at'ik | v. | to need, to consume? |
| ayt | n. | before noon |
| aŋal | root | house, dwell, to live, to build a house |
| aŋaw | v. | good |
| ašaŋ | n. | blood, to bleed |
| ašaš | v. | to not know |
| ašdɨm | v. | to hide |
| ašg | n. | back |
| ašga:m | v. | to hit one's back on something |
| aʔag | v. | to carry, to carry on one's back, pack |
| aʔaš | v. | to be extinguished (fire) |
| ápɨ́š | NS | |
| ba:bab | root | spotted |
| ba:c'aʔ | v. | to skin |
| ba:c'uk | n. | ammunition |
| ba:gaʔ | n. | cow |
| ba:gaʔalaʔayeweʔ | n. | cow's milk |
| ba:giš | NS | box |
| ba:gumt'alŋiʔ | n. | bat |
| ba:muš | n. | baby |
| ba:sat | n. | red squirrel |
| ba:š | v. | to put (into container) |
| babɨl | n. | pepper |
| bado:p'oʔ | n. | skunk cabbage |
| baga | adj. | hard |
| bagasuk | n. | opening to vagina |
| bahaʔ | NS | to shoot |
| bakbag | v. | to smoke |
| bakwanhu | n. | suckerfish |
| bala:daʔ | n. | money |
| balayʔ | n. | towel |
| balašu | n. | butter |
| baliʔ | v. | to shoot |
| balohot | n. | bow; gun |
| baskit | root | basket |
| bayak'aw | n. | fish spear |
| bayi | n. | pie |
| baŋaya | n. | earth, outside |
| baŋaʔ | root | table, to put, set on, |
| baŋkuš | n. | plants for smoking |
| bašaʔ | v. | to write |
| baʔlew | n. | Paiute |
| baʔy | NS | to remove, take off |
| be:kin | n. | bacon |
| bebeŋil | NS | |
| bec'ed | v. | to pinch |
| bec'ɨlšiʔ | n. | rope |
| bediliʔ | NS | match |
| beditiʔ | v. | to fall |
| beduʔuš | v. | to stitch, sew, weave |
| beguweʔ | v. | to buy |
| behenuŋ | NS | small, little |
| beheziŋ | adj. | small, little |
| beheziŋ | NS | |
| behuweʔ | v. | bet |
| belpileweʔ | v. | to slice |
| bemo:š | v. | to spit |
| bemušeʔeš | v. | to count |
| bevali | name | Beverly |
| beverli | n. | Beverly |
| bew | v. | to stride, to take a step |
| beyd | v. | to comb |
| beyec'ɨg | v. | to close |
| beyeʔeš | v. | to shoot |
| beyu:gel | v. | to flow around in a circle |
| beyumiʔ | v. | to flow out |
| beyutiʔ | v. | to flow down |
| beyuʔuš | v. | to flow |
| beziyeziŋ | NS | to be small |
| beŋil | v. | to exercise |
| bešuʔ | NS | |
| bi:baʔ | n. | paper |
| bic'ik | n. | pestle |
| bik'id | v. | to boil |
| bik'us | n. | cradle basket, baby basket |
| bila:daʔ | NS | money |
| bilm | n. | lace, string |
| bimiʔ | v. | to take out |
| bips | v. | pick up |
| bipɨs | v. | pick up |
| bisbut | n. | Bridgeport |
| biŋil | v. | to try |
| bišapuʔ | v. | to be hungry |
| bišapuʔiwe | v. | be satiated / stop being hungry |
| bišl | v. | to give in a container |
| bišuk' | v. | to pass, to hand over |
| biʔic' | adj. | expensive |
| biʔis | v. | to be proud |
| bo:p'oʔ | NS | sticky-leafed rabbitbrush |
| bolbol | root | round |
| boŋi | v. | call |
| boš | NS | boss |
| bu:gul | n. | framework |
| bugbug | root | the sound of a type of drum |
| bulbul | root | husky, big chunk |
| bume:liʔ | n. | husband |
| buʔišgepɨsgišuwaʔ | NS | to pack up and go off |
| bɨ́k'ɨ | NS | |
| c'ac'im | root | green, yellow |
| c'akɨbi | n. | mud |
| c'aliʔ | n. | cottontail rabbit |
| c'awc'aw | root | crush |
| c'e:c'im | root | closed, clogged |
| c'elc'el | n. | squirrel sp. |
| c'i:bel | n. | louse |
| c'ic'id | root | dark |
| c'ic'im | v. | to shake |
| c'ic'iš | root | dark, black |
| c'ic'iʔ | NS | glands |
| c'iga:bad | n. | summer |
| c'igu:guš | n. | stomach, belly, abdomen |
| c'iguʔuš | v. | to carry hanging down |
| c'ilol | n. | hip |
| c'iluʔyeʔyew | v. | shaking one's hips (while walking) |
| c'imc'im | v. | blink |
| c'imhel | n. | beaver |
| c'imhelhel | n. | beavers |
| c'imyaŋa | n. | sand |
| c'ipc'ib | root | perfect |
| c'iŋa:m | n. | a container, cup, dishes |
| c'uga:š | v. | to put small objects (into) |
| c'ugeʔeš | v. | to carry a small object |
| c'ac'im | root | green, yellow |
| c'akɨbi | n. | mud |
| c'aliʔ | n. | cottontail rabbit |
| c'awc'aw | root | crush |
| c'e:c'im | root | closed, clogged |
| c'elc'el | n. | squirrel sp. |
| c'i:bel | n. | louse |
| c'ic'id | root | dark |
| c'ic'im | v. | to shake |
| c'ic'iš | root | dark, black |
| c'ic'iʔ | NS | glands |
| c'iga:bad | n. | summer |
| c'igu:guš | n. | stomach, belly, abdomen |
| c'iguʔuš | v. | to carry hanging down |
| c'ilol | n. | hip |
| c'iluʔyeʔyew | v. | shaking one's hips (while walking) |
| c'imc'im | v. | blink |
| c'imhel | n. | beaver |
| c'imhelhel | n. | beavers |
| c'imyaŋa | n. | sand |
| c'ipc'ib | root | perfect |
| c'iŋa:m | n. | a container, cup, dishes |
| c'uga:š | v. | to put small objects (into) |
| c'ugeʔeš | v. | to carry a small object |
| da | NS | there |
| da:bak | n. | weaving willow |
| da:bal | n. | sagebrush |
| da:bal | n. | sagebrush |
| da:š | NS | in, into |
| daboʔo | n. | a white person |
| dahamugo:l | n. | coward |
| dahomaduk | n. | a wind blowing from the north |
| dak'ayaw | n. | black-faced |
| dak'ulaŋaʔ | n. | cowboy |
| dalaʔag | NS | moutain |
| dalaʔak | n. | mountain |
| dalik' | NS | hit |
| damal | v. | to hear; to listen |
| damalduga:gu | v. | to not understand (by listening) |
| damuʔ | n. | dress |
| dap'awdašaʔ | n. | late afternoon |
| dat'ig | v. | to kill with a stone |
| dawdaŋaʔ | n. | height |
| dawgot'umuw | NS | |
| dawʔa:gaʔa | NS | Lake Tahoe |
| dayal | v. | stand |
| dayayʔ | n. | leaves, petal |
| daŋal | n. | house |
| dašaʔi | n. | color |
| dašgaʔal | NS | fat on rump of deer |
| daʔaw | n. | lake |
| daʔmoʔmoʔ | n. | woman |
| daʔmuk'ayk'ay | n. | mosquito |
| de:gum | v. | |
| de:šib | v. | to straighten; to iron |
| debašaʔat | NS | |
| dedopopošha | n. | burner, arsonist |
| degi:bik'emiʔ | n. | cooking basket |
| dek'iwɨl | NS | sharp mentally |
| demetuʔ | NS | ice |
| demetuʔ | n. | cold |
| demuba:bɨl | n. | pepper |
| demuc'uc'u | n. | berries |
| demusɨl | NS | fork |
| depdeb | root | thin |
| detumu | n. | leader |
| dewMeyu | n. | middle |
| dewMeʔeš | n. | wave |
| dewYuʔliʔ | n. | devil |
| dewdaŋaʔ | n. | height |
| dewde:lduweʔ | NS | horse |
| dewdepes | n. | light |
| dewdiliweʔ | n. | height |
| dewdiʔiš | n. | tree |
| dewdo:daʔ | NS | work |
| dewedenkin | n. | very dark |
| dewesk'iʔim | n. | cold wind |
| dewešemu | NS | standing far off, farther off |
| dewgalis | n. | year |
| dewgayap | n. | width |
| dewgiwam | n. | height |
| dewgiʔiš | n. | weight; length |
| dewgo:gaʔ | n. | amount, length |
| dewgo:k'aʔ | n. | time |
| dewgohat | n. | width |
| dewgotɨmuweʔ | NS | deep |
| dewguliweʔ | n. | height |
| dewguʔuš | n. | length |
| dewp'ap'ɨl | n. | flower |
| dewp'awd | n. | evening |
| dewp'ilelek | n. | lightning |
| dewsek | n. | depth |
| dewŊeliweʔ | n. | hillside |
| dewŊetiʔ | n. | steep hillside (going down) |
| dewš | v. | to dig |
| dewɨš | v. | to dig |
| deyetbiʔ | n. | flour, something the result of pounding |
| dezitzidiʔ | n. | snowbird |
| dešl | v. | to hand someone something |
| deʔeg | n. | stone, rock |
| deʔeš | v. | to snow |
| di | NS | |
| di-ʔulišaw-áwlam | NS | |
| di:be | NS | sun |
| di:beluš | NS | midday, noontime |
| di:bis | n. | vagina |
| di:dew | n. | muscle |
| di:ges | n. | net |
| dic'em | n. | woodpecker |
| digóyʔ | NS | |
| dilek | n. | duck (mallard) |
| dimek | n. | a cough, a cold |
| dimeʔ | NS | water |
| dip'eg | n. | white paint, white chalk |
| dip'ek | n. | white paint |
| dipiʔ | NS | blanket |
| diwí:gis | NS | |
| diŋaŋ | adj. | same |
| diʔyeʔ | n. | name |
| diʔyu | n. | fire |
| do:da | n. | work |
| do:mat | n. | hell-diver |
| do:ta | n. | work |
| dokdoʔ | n. | doctor |
| dokto | n. | doctor |
| dop'ow | n. | burst |
| dopnab | root | cooked soupy |
| dopoš | v. | to burn up |
| dot'ig | v. | hot, burn |
| doynay | v. | cooked soft |
| doŋaʔ | NS | burn |
| doʔoš | v. | to smoke, steam |
| du:dum | NS | muscular |
| duNukub | v. | to scold |
| dubaldahesgeʔ | num. | seven |
| dubaldalak'aʔ | num. | six |
| dubaldiʔ | num. | five |
| duga:gu | v. | to not know how; to not understand |
| duk'u | adj. | hard, fast |
| dukgagaw | n. | a species of blackbird |
| dula:š | v. | hand to be in something |
| dulayaw | v. | to have black hands |
| dulaʔam | v. | put one's hand into water |
| dule:k'ɨl | v. | to cook |
| dulel | NS | more, next |
| dulešl | v. | to extend one's hand |
| duleʔeš | v. | to extend one's hand |
| duleʔwiʔwid | v. | to shake hands, to have shaking hands; to wave (at s.o.) |
| dumše:gɨl | NS | wildcat, bobcat |
| dutdu | NS | short |
| dutwid | v. | to be stiff |
| dé | n. | afternoon |
| dó:k'o | NS | heel |
| dó:mat | NS | |
| dɨnɨ:nɨ | v. | to roar |
| elšɨm | v. | to sleep |
| emlu | root | food, eat |
| emluʔaŋaw | v. | to eat well |
| emyew | NS | buried food |
| eweʔ | v. | go |
| eʔ | v. | to be |
| flor | n. | floor |
| -gimeʔ | NS | |
| ga:gal | root | to the north, from the south |
| ga:gaši | n. | crackers |
| ga:wa | v. | save |
| ga:zagaza | n. | bird sp. |
| gaMok'ak | n. | hook |
| gac'ap | v. | to kick, trip |
| gala:k'ɨm | v. | to stop someone doing something (by asking, commanding) |
| galam | v. | want |
| galis | n. | winter |
| galtum | v. | to dive |
| gamaʔ | v. | eat up |
| gap'ɨl | root | around |
| gardɨn | n. | garden |
| gat'umuweʔ | v. | to dive |
| gawa:yɨʔ | n. | horse |
| gawd | prep. | over |
| gayab | NS | over; past |
| gaŋil | v. | to shout, yell |
| gaʔla:m | v. | to like |
| gaʔlamšemu | v. | to love, to like a lot |
| ge:gel | v. | sit |
| ge:šuʔ | n. | earthworm; angleworm |
| gegɨl | NS | to sit |
| gek-gé:šip-ha-yi | NS | |
| gelbuʔuš | v. | to carry in mouth |
| geleʔem | v. | to get something, to find out something by asking |
| geleʔeš | v. | to cry |
| gewe | n. | coyote |
| geyaŋ | prep. | inside |
| gi: | NS | 3.PRO |
| gi:gelayʔ | NS | long time ago |
| gibiʔ | root | arrive |
| gigɨlewl | prep. | around |
| giliweʔ | adj. | high |
| giwam | v. | carry |
| giwlew | n. | a type of basket |
| go:beʔ | n. | coffee |
| go:laš | adv. | fast, hurry |
| goc'i | n. | bee |
| gohad | root | wide, far |
| golgoš | NS | short, fat |
| got'a | NS | to break |
| got'aʔ | v. | to break |
| gowgow | n. | Canadian goose |
| goziʔ | n. | pig, hog |
| gu:diŋa | NS | who |
| gubi | v. | bring |
| gudiŋa | wh. | who |
| gulaŋaʔ | v. | sit, ride |
| gulemlešeʔeʔ | n. | race |
| gumbalayleweʔ | n. | towel |
| gumbaŋaʔgips | v. | step up onto something |
| gumlešeʔeš | n. | race |
| gusisiʔ | n. | potato |
| gusuʔ | NS | |
| gute:šiʔe:s | NS | not too many |
| gutešiʔ | quant. | how many |
| guwawaʔ | v. | remain |
| guweʔe:be | n. | day |
| guŋa | NS | |
| guŋahe:š | wh. | where |
| gušuʔ | n. | pet |
| gušuʔ | NS | |
| guʔušeš | v. | take |
| gé:ya | NS | |
| gúk'u | v. | to stand |
| gɨ:gɨšiʔ | n. | flea |
| gɨlgay | v. | to break |
| ha:bi | NS | rain |
| ha:biʔ | n. | rain |
| ha:diʔ | NS | that, he, she |
| ha:š | v. | to pour; to throw particulate matter |
| hada | prep. | here, this, that |
| hadaʔ | NS | |
| hadigi | dem. | that |
| hadigiʔ | NS | |
| hak'a | prep. | with |
| hak'a:k'iʔ | v. | Vi to tell a lie |
| haliŋa | NS | (for a) long time |
| hamham | root | light (in weight) |
| hamu | v. | to feel |
| hamuguyu:g | v. | to think, ponder |
| hamuʔaŋaw | NS | to be happy; feel good |
| hamuʔi:k'iʔ | v. | think |
| hanuŋ | quant. | some |
| hatdog | n. | hotdog |
| hawhaw | root | light (in weight) |
| hayhay | NS | light |
| haʔaš | n. | rain |
| haʔwaʔ | num. | four |
| haʔwaʔwaʔ | num. | eight |
| haʔwaʔwaʔidalak'aʔ | num. | nine |
| he:šiʔ | quant. | amount |
| hec'ic'iʔ | v. | to screen, sift |
| helmeʔ | num. | three |
| hemewl | v. | lose |
| henuŋ | NS | little bit |
| hesgeŋ | num. | just two |
| hesgeʔ | num. | two |
| hesgil | quant. | two (persons) |
| heyeʔem | v. | win |
| hešiʔ | NS | amount |
| heʔmewl | v. | lose |
| hi:luk | root | first |
| hiluk | num. | first |
| himu | n. | willow |
| hu:biʔ | v. | wind to have come, arrived |
| hu:hu | NS | striped |
| humwud | n. | Homewood |
| hut'aŋa | wh. | what |
| hut'aŋa | quant. | Nothing, anything |
| hut'iweʔ | NS | something |
| hutaŋa | NS | what |
| hut’aŋahe:š | wh. | what |
| huŋa | NS | what |
| huŋatehe:š | NS | what |
| huŋatešŋa | NS | when |
| huŋaʔeʔiš | wh. | why |
| hámu | NS | |
| hé:š | NS | |
| hé:ši | NS | |
| hésgilši | NS | |
| húŋam | NS | |
| -i | NS | |
| -i:k'ɨl | NS | here and there |
| -iʔis | v. | Vt to hold, take, bring |
| i:bik' | v. | ripe, cooked |
| i:bik'aynay | v. | to be soft from over-cooking, from being over-ripe |
| i:biʔ | v. | to have come |
| i:d | v. | to talk, say |
| i:dew | n. | sinew |
| i:galewl | v. | to crawl |
| i:gi | v. | to see, to sense |
| i:k'iʔ | v. | to look, seem |
| i:su | NS | to split |
| i:yaluʔ | NS | relative |
| i:yel | adj. | big |
| i:yeluʔ | n. | cousin |
| ibik' | v. | to cook |
| id | NS | to talk, say |
| ida | NS | and |
| igila:tuʔ | v. | to look good; to be visually pleasing |
| igiʔaŋaw | NS | to look good; to be visually pleasing |
| ihepayaha | NS | headache |
| ihuk' | NS | to dry |
| ilew | prep. | from |
| ime | NS | to play |
| imek' | v. | to cough |
| imeʔ | v. | to drink |
| imeʔa:š | NS | to fetch, bring water |
| imiʔ | v. | (to go) out from |
| imɨš | n. | juice |
| ip'am | v. | get there |
| ip'iw | v. | to pass wind, fart, to stink |
| ipeš | root | black; rotten, spoiled |
| ipiʔ | root | blanket, to wear blanket |
| itde | n. | world |
| iweʔ | v. | to stop |
| iyeweʔ | v. | to go, to leave |
| iyeweʔ | v. | go forward |
| iyeʔ | v. | to go: walk |
| iškul | root | school, to teach |
| išl | v. | to give |
| išm | v. | to sing; song |
| išmʔiwe | v. | stop singing |
| iʔi | v. | exist, be |
| iʔib | NS | to cry |
| iʔib | n. | navel |
| iʔiw | v. | eat |
| john | n. | John |
| kap | n. | cup |
| kaykay | root | tall |
| ke:k | n. | cake |
| kendi | n. | candy |
| kewkew | NS | stiff |
| kinkin | root | black |
| kokšiʔ | n. | onion |
| komol | n. | ball |
| kuškuš | NS | short, chubby |
| k'a:k'aʔ | n. | heron |
| k'apšap | NS | |
| k'awk'aw | root | hard |
| k'eteb | n. | bottle |
| k'iletiʔ | v. | To put one's head down |
| k'ipeš | v. | to have a black face |
| k'ipk'ib | root | black |
| k'iwsiwetiʔ | v. | to have a smooth face |
| k'omho | n. | cow parsnip |
| k'omk'om | root | arched, hunched |
| k'omɨl | n. | ball |
| k'otk'od | v. | to cluck |
| k'ula:š | v. | to sit, rest in/on (something) |
| k'ulaʔam | v. | to sit in water |
| k'uláŋaʔúʔši | NS | |
| k'unk'un | adj. | bent |
| k'uyelmuweʔ | NS | to swim underneath something |
| k'uyeʔeš | v. | (sg.) to swim underwater |
| k'uyk'uy | root | crooked |
| k'éše | v. | to be alive |
| k'éʔi | NS | |
| k'ɨk'ɨg | root | rough |
| Laʔaʔašha | v. | to tell |
| Leʔeš | v. | to chase |
| Lisiʔ | prep. | between |
| la:lit' | v. | to catch |
| lak'aʔ | num. | one |
| layʔ | v. | to wipe |
| laʔ | n. | mother |
| laʔlu | NS | because |
| le: | pro. | 1.PRO |
| le:beʔ | n. | day |
| le:wsiw | v. | to smooth with a plane |
| le:šib | v. | to straighten by pushing |
| lelbišda | n. | party |
| leleg | root | red |
| lelew | prep. | beside |
| lelk'eŋe:s | adv. | quite some time, not a short time |
| lelpil | v. | to flatten something out |
| lelɨm | n. | night |
| lembi:c'ɨg | n. | door |
| lenk'un | v. | to bend |
| lepleb | root | flat |
| leweʔ | prep. | inside |
| leši | NS | lazy |
| leʔŋa | NS | |
| li:no | name | Reno |
| li:nu | name | Reno |
| liwipneb | v. | to flatten out |
| liwisu | v. | to break, to tease |
| lok'ašduweʔ | adj. | afraid, scared |
| lot'ik | v. | thirsty |
| lotlod | root | soft |
| lák'a | NS | |
| lápɨd | NS | |
| léyeweʔášaʔi | NS | |
| lóyšaygiši | NS | |
| lɨ:dɨt | v. | run fast |
| lɨ:pgiš | v. | to run fast |
| lɨdɨtgiš | v. | run along fast |
| Ma:baš | v. | to be killed by falling, in a collision |
| Ma:dud | n. | tongue |
| Ma:š | n. | face |
| Malit' | v. | to trap |
| Mat'ig | v. | to be killed by falling, in a collison |
| Mayzuy | v. | to have scraggly hair |
| Maʔšam | v. | to lie down, nap, rest |
| MelMel | v. | to beg |
| Melma | v. | to beg, to keep asking |
| Melɨw | n. | belt |
| Mepneb | v. | to be dented |
| Mepuha | NS | to spear |
| Mepuʔ | v. | to spear |
| Meyʔ | v. | to choose, pick |
| Meʔeš | v. | to lie (down) |
| Mi:gi | v. | look |
| Mi:gila:tuʔ | NS | look good |
| Mi:giʔaŋaw | v. | to look good |
| Mi:k'iʔ | v. | to seem, appear to be |
| Mile | NS | old |
| Mileʔ | adj. | old |
| Mo:mad | v. | to run straight through a narrow place |
| Mo:yab | NS | to run past |
| Mobɨl | v. | to pull |
| Mok'ak' | v. | to choke |
| Mok'akha | v. | to hook |
| Mok'aʔk'a | v. | to catch, to hook |
| Moŋil | v. | to grow |
| Moʔog | v. | to be hooked |
| Moʔy | v. | to run away |
| Mu:biʔ | v. | to have come running |
| Mupc'ib | v. | to run perfectly |
| Muʔuš | v. | to run; running race (n.) |
| Muʔušha | v. | to drive |
| Mílu | n. | friend |
| ma:daš | n. | pine |
| ma:lut' | NS | take away |
| ma:mayʔ | n. | conical burden basket for pinenuts |
| ma:š | v. | to throw (into) |
| ma:šdɨm | NS | |
| ma:šɨl | n. | muscle |
| mada:p | n. | abalone shell |
| mahaw | NS | to fight |
| mahɨlt'alal | NS | cat-tail tule |
| mak'aw | n. | bead |
| makga:gu | NS | to bother |
| makmak | n. | a type of bird |
| malaʔoŋos | NS | fool; handicapped person |
| mamaŋ | NS | to disagree on s.t. |
| mamaʔ | v. | to finish |
| mary | n. | Mary |
| masat'i | n. | arrowhead |
| mat'iw | v. | to pout |
| mat'uš | n. | caterpillar; grub |
| mayab | n. | foot, paw |
| maŋaʔ | NS | throw |
| maʔag | n. | wood, stick, branch |
| maʔam | v. | to throw into water |
| maʔlóʔpay-aš | NS | |
| me | NS | 2.0BJ |
| me:Lu | root | old man, to be old |
| me:gel | n. | Mormon tea |
| me:hu | n. | boy |
| me:hu | NS | |
| me:mes | NS | |
| meLu | n. | old man |
| mebeyuʔ | v. | pay |
| mec'imulc'ukhu | n. | large striped insect sp. |
| mediʔiš | v. | to float |
| megi:t'iʔ | NS | to bite |
| megut'alc'aliʔ | n. | rabbit skin blanket |
| meleitiʔ | v. | jump downward |
| melɨw | n. | belt |
| memde:wi | n. | deer |
| memew | n. | rib |
| memlew | n. | hummingbird |
| meri | name | Mary |
| mesu | v. | to split open, to separate |
| metgic'et | n. | bow and arrow |
| metuha | v. | to make something cold |
| metuʔ | NS | cold, frozen |
| mewl | v. | ask |
| mešgic'et | NS | arrow |
| mešgíc'et | NS | |
| mi | NS | 2SBJ |
| mi | pro. | 2.PRO |
| mi:p'ɨl | v. | full |
| mi:ʔlew | n. | everybody |
| mimu | n. | prepared willows |
| mit | NS | |
| mitiʔ | NS | to throw |
| miši | NS | |
| mišliŋ | NS | |
| miʔleši | NS | both |
| miʔleʔ | NS | every, everything, all |
| mo:baʔ | n. | to mat, to lay out |
| mo:dob | n. | goal |
| mo:k'o | n. | knee |
| mo:ni | n. | money |
| mo:niʔ | n. | money |
| mok'o | n. | shoe |
| molmol | v. | to boil |
| mosod | v. | wet |
| mosot | adj. | wet |
| mu- | root | mouth |
| mu:gel | NS | to stir |
| mu:k'ul | v. | to chew |
| muc'uc'u | NS | sweet |
| mudot'ik | n. | horseradish; hot feeling in nose, as after inhaling salsa |
| mugagɨm | v. | to ask |
| mugi:gi | v. | to taste (something) |
| mupleb | root | flat and sharp |
| musɨl | n. | fork |
| mušeʔeš | v. | to count, hunt, read |
| muʔaŋaw | v. | to taste good |
| muʔaŋiʔ | NS | to taste good |
| muʔc'um | num. | ten |
| muʔc'ɨm | num. | ten |
| muʔe:š | NS | to taste bad |
| mámaʔi | NS | |
| máštɨk | adv. | almost |
| mé:gel | NS | |
| míLp'ɨli | NS | |
| mík'u | NS | feces; to defecate |
| míʔlaʔa | NS | everywhere |
| míʔlew | NS | |
| míʔlew | NS | |
| míʔlew | NS | |
| míʔlew | NS | |
| míʔlew | NS | |
| mú:c'ug | NS | |
| mɨ:de | NS | brown bear |
| mɨ:lt' | v. | win |
| mɨ:lɨt' | v. | win |
| mɨlɨt' | v. | win |
| mɨtgi:bɨl | v. | not believe |
| mɨ́:ʔde | NS | |
| na:tuk | root | a woman's name |
| nanholwa | n. | wild/gold currant |
| naynay | root | muddy, gooey |
| nent'ušu | n. | old woman |
| nentušu | n. | old lady |
| nepneb | root | to be flatten |
| ni:dɨl | n. | needle |
| ol | NS | |
| pa:š | v. | (sg.) to fall in (into something) |
| pac'il | n. | pus |
| pac'ágaʔ | NS | |
| parti | n. | party |
| pay | v. | lose |
| payʔ | v. | lose |
| paʔam | v. | to fall into water |
| pedɨ:dɨd | v. | shiver |
| pelew | n. | jackrabbit |
| penwin | n. | Penryn |
| peyc'uy | v. | to sunbathe |
| peyeys | v. | to shiver (from cold) |
| piknik | n. | picnic |
| pikɨl | n. | pickle |
| pimiʔ | v. | to fall out |
| piteliʔ | n. | lizard |
| pitiʔ | v. | to fall (down) |
| piweʔ | v. | fall |
| playdelu | NS | |
| popo | root | white |
| popoš | adj. | gray |
| porch | n. | porch |
| pu:lul | n. | car |
| pu:t'eʔ | n. | mosquito |
| puypuy | root | thin |
| pɨypɨy | root | thin |
| p'a:p'iš | NS | lungs |
| p'a:t'i | v. | to climb up |
| p'a:t'iyetiʔ | v. | to climb up and get things and bring them down |
| p'a:š | v. | to crawl; to enter |
| p'a:šuweʔ | v. | to come in |
| p'ap'aw | v. | to burst |
| p'ayt'iʔ | v. | play |
| p'ek'imum | n. | marrow |
| p'ep'el | root | bitter & sour |
| p'ewlel | root | east |
| p'i:c'ɨmhu | n. | periwinkle |
| p'igɨlayʔ | v. | come back |
| p'iliweʔ | v. | to climb (up) |
| p'ilp'il | root | blue |
| p'imiweʔ | v. | to crawl, go out |
| p'imiʔ | v. | to crawl out; exit |
| p'isew | n. | ear |
| p'isewiʔ | n. | relative of the third descending generation (great-grandchild, great-grandniece or nephew) |
| p'išɨ:w | NS | |
| p'iʔiš | v. | to crawl along |
| p'iʔlug | v. | to turn over/around, to flip |
| p'op'ol | n. | tail |
| p'otp'od | root | crumbly |
| p'óp'ol | NS | |
| p'ɨʔlɨ | v. | to fish with hook and line |
| ramona | name | Ramona |
| ri:no | name | Reno |
| ru:m | NS | room |
| sabaʔaš | v. | to blow out; to extinguish by blowing |
| sakramento | name | Sacramento |
| saksag | n. | father's father's brother |
| sasaŋ | root | red |
| sawasaŋ | n. | red ochre, red paint |
| saʔ | NS | to keep, have |
| sebeleg | v. | to blow (to kindle a fire) |
| sek'eš | n. | a type of plant, root sp. |
| setwid | v. | to have a stiff leg |
| sewɨt | n. | porcupine |
| seʔeš | v. | to wade |
| si:su | n. | bird |
| silsil | root | thin, fine |
| siwsiw | root | smooth, slippery |
| so:šok | v. | bring |
| soklit | n. | chocolate |
| soloŋ | NS | peak |
| sopsob | v. | to splash |
| sti:vin | name | Steven |
| sti:vɨn | name | Steven |
| su: | n. | distant female relative |
| sukuʔ | n. | dog |
| susu | v. | to split up |
| suyu: | n. | distant female relatives or friends (of a woman) |
| suʔ | n. | friend |
| suʔuʔuš | v. | to dream |
| sɨnsɨn | adj. | skinny |
| tamugayʔl | n. | bored |
| taʔa | NS | shadow, shade |
| taʔayaʔam | v. | to be reflected in water |
| te:bɨl | n. | table |
| te:šiʔ | quant. | much |
| teslut'iʔ | NS | new |
| teteb | NS | fat |
| teš | n. | amount |
| teštiw | adv. | just |
| tiga- | NS | |
| tošab | n. | sack, bag, pocket |
| toʔo | n. | neck, throat |
| tugamad | v. | to look through a circular opening |
| tugap'ɨl | n. | eyelash |
| tugapuš | v. | to have gray eyes |
| tugawd | v. | to look over an edge, summit |
| tugawk'aw | v. | to have one's eyes tightly closed |
| tugayab | v. | to look through a narrow opening |
| tugaʔam | v. | to look into water |
| tugi:bil | v. | to be cross-eyed or wall-eyed |
| tugileg | v. | to have red eyes, bloodshot eyes |
| tugilp'il | v. | to have blue eyes |
| tugitiʔ | v. | look down |
| tugiwam | v. | to look away towards |
| tugiwe | v. | to look in a certain direction |
| tugišuk'iweʔ | v. | to stop looking |
| tukmemeweʔ | v. | to look out (pl.) |
| tuli:šiʔ | n. | wolf |
| tultul | root | coarse |
| tumuʔ | n. | head |
| tumʔŋaŋaʔ | v. | to have both feet on s.t., to keep putting one's feet on s.t. |
| tuʔma:š | v. | to put one's foot in(to s.t.) |
| tuʔmak'ɨb | v. | to stick one's foot into mud, faeces, rotten apples, etc. |
| tuʔmaʔam | v. | to put one's foot into water |
| tuʔmeʔeb | v. | to play/make music |
| tuʔmiweʔ | v. | to have one's foot on the ground, floor |
| t'a:Yaŋ | v. | to hunt |
| t'a:gɨm | root | pine nut |
| t'a:t'at | n. | magpie |
| t'anu | n. | person, indian |
| t'at'ig | v. | to pat, clap, stomp |
| t'aŋaw | adj. | good |
| t'ašaʔ | n. | cottonwood tree |
| t'e:k'ew | n. | many people |
| t'e:k'eʔ | quant. | many |
| t'e:liw | v. | to be someone, somebody |
| t'e:liwhu | n. | man |
| t'e:su | NS | to disagree, to be jealous |
| t'e:weʔ | quant. | much |
| t'e:ši | NS | much |
| t'ec'uc'um | root | rough to lie on |
| t'eli:liwhu | n. | men |
| t'ememiʔ | v. | to stick out, come out |
| t'eweʔ | adj. | much, long, deep |
| t'eyuʔyug | v. | to gallop |
| t'ešiʔ | quant. | amount |
| t'i:yeliʔ | root | big, large |
| t'iga | n. | lie |
| t'ot'oš | adj. | brown |
| t'ɨnt'ɨn | root | rough |
| udenkin | n. | night, nighttime |
| ugat'ig | v. | to kill with a club |
| ugiʔiš | n. | measure |
| ula:dut | n. | wife's brother |
| uwaʔaŋaw | v. | to do well |
| uŋa:bi | n. | salt |
| uʔuš | NS | along |
| ú:biʔ | v. | come |
| Waʔ | v. | to be doing |
| wMeʔeš | NS | wave(s) to occur |
| wa:laš | n. | (to bake) bread |
| wa:t | adv. | tomorrow |
| wa:šiw | n. | Washo |
| wadi:belušgawdi | n. | afternoon |
| wadiŋ | NS | now |
| wadiŋ | NS | |
| wadiŋguweʔebe | n. | today |
| wadiŋguweʔebeʔ | adv. | today |
| wagalis | n. | year |
| wagalisiʔ | n. | year |
| wagayayʔ | v. | to speak, talk |
| wagayayʔaŋaw | v. | to speak well |
| wagayayʔaŋaʔ | v. | talk |
| wagayaŋaʔ | v. | talk to |
| wagayʔaŋaʔ | NS | talk |
| wago:gaʔ | NS | length |
| waguʔ | v. | gather |
| wakwak | v. | to bark |
| wamahm | root | cloud, cloudy |
| wat'a | n. | river, stream |
| wat'a:š | v. | to blow into |
| watli: | root | morning |
| wayac'im | n. | smoke |
| wayak'aš | v. | warm |
| wayak'ašemu | v. | very warm |
| wayasaŋ | v. | hot |
| wayuʔuš | v. | to smell (intr); to give off an odor |
| waʔ | v. | do |
| waʔyaykay | v. | to grow tall |
| waʔye:wi | v. | quit |
| wedenkin | n. | darkness, night, nighttime |
| wedep'es | n. | light |
| wediʔiš | v. | long obj. to stand upright |
| wegayayʔ | NS | to sweep |
| wegep'ílp'il | v. | (liquid) to be blue |
| wegohad | NS | length |
| wegohobi | n. | width |
| wegoyabi | n. | hole |
| weguʔuš | root | measure |
| weguʔuši | n. | width |
| wehupeš | v. | to have a black head; to have black hair |
| weleʔeš | NS | |
| wemetuʔ | v. | cold |
| wepimiʔa | n. | morning |
| wesk'iʔim | NS | wind |
| wewdaŋaʔ | v. | long |
| wewgiwam | n. | speed |
| wewgohad | NS | wide |
| wewgíʔiš | NS | weigh |
| wewš | NS | slightly, almost |
| wešlemuʔ | v. | hurt |
| wgac'apgayab | v. | kick s.o. through |
| wgalp'ayʔ | v. | lie, talk nonsense |
| wgayayʔ | v. | to converse, to talk |
| wgayemiʔ | v. | sweep |
| wgaʔ | v. | cut |
| wgaʔemi | v. | to sweep |
| wgelsi:lu | v. | to be hard to understand, have a foreign accent |
| wgiwam | NS | speed |
| wgiwɨl | v. | touch |
| wgiʔiš | v. | measure, carry |
| wguʔuš | v. | to be long |
| wi:biʔ | v. | to have come searching for |
| wi:di | pro. | this |
| wi:diʔ | NS | this |
| wi:diʔ | NS | |
| wi:gis | n. | pants |
| wi:k'ɨl | NS | to search for |
| wic'ug | n. | younger sister, half sister, cousin |
| wididu | NS | |
| windu | n. | window |
| witwid | root | stiff, hard |
| wiʔ | NS | 3.PRO |
| wutpɨd | name | Woodford's |
| wɨhl | root | to feel cold |
| Ya:m | v. | to want to know |
| ya:gɨl | NS | egg, testicle |
| ya:k'aʔ | n. | pinecone |
| ya:k'id | v. | to point at |
| ya:k'ɨm | v. | to cut |
| ya:liʔ | v. | to stand |
| ya:sa | adv. | again |
| ya:saʔ | adv. | again, still |
| ya:w | root | black |
| ya:š | v. | (sg.) to fly into |
| yaha | v. | to be sick, ill; to hurt |
| yak'aš | root | warm |
| yalaʔ | v. | wait |
| yali | v. | stand |
| yam | v. | say |
| yasaŋ | v. | hot |
| yat'g | NS | to kill |
| yatg | v. | to kill |
| yaŋa:š | v. | (pl.) to run in |
| yaŋaʔ | NS | to bump into |
| yašu | v. | to wash, clean |
| ye | v. | (sg.) to fly |
| ye: | NS | |
| ye:Lu | n. | elder; old person |
| ye:m | NS | to swim |
| ye:yaluʔ | n. | relatives |
| ye:yus | v. | to shake |
| yek'iplebetiʔ | v. | to have a flat face |
| yek'iʔiš | NS | to be (broken) open |
| yelpileweʔ | v. | to slice |
| yesilsil | NS | |
| yetb | v. | to pound |
| yewam | v. | drive |
| yewi | v. | stop |
| yewsiw | v. | to slide |
| yeye:yaluʔ | n. | relatives |
| yeʔeš | v. | (sg.) to fly |
| yeʔešha | v. | to drive |
| yeʔešuweʔ | v. | to fly out |
| yeʔm | v. | guess |
| yeʔuwe | v. | go forward |
| yilgay | v. | to break |
| yohi | v. | to pull out, to drag |
| yot'g | root | kill |
| yoyʔl | v. | to be tired |
| yulc'ul | v. | to close |
| yuli | v. | to die |
| yuliha | NS | to kill |
| zi:gen | n. | chicken |
| ziwziwhu | n. | woodpecker sp.; plant sp. similar to lupine |
| ziŋi:ŋi | v. | to buzz, to ring |
| ŋa:m | n. | son |
| ŋam | n. | son |
| ŋawa | NS | earth, ground, dirt |
| ŋawŋaŋ | n. | child, baby |
| ŋaʔmiŋ | n. | child, baby |
| ŋowa | NS | soil, earth, dirt |
| šaklamentu | name | Sacramento |
| šalaʔ | n. | pitch |
| šapšab | NS | fuzzy |
| šawaʔ | n. | white fir |
| šawlamhu | n. | girl |
| šašaʔ | n. | mother's sister |
| šaʔ | v. | write |
| šemu | adv. | really, very |
| ši:šib | adj. | straight |
| šilu | NS | from |
| šiʔiš | v. | (pl.) to fly |
| šošoŋ | root | brownish-red |
| šu:p | n. | soup |
| šugal | v. | bring back |
| šumšuʔ | n. | salt grass |
| šɨ:šɨš | adj. | heavy |
| šɨšɨb | root | straight |
| šɨšɨš | root | heavy |
| ʔa:baluš | n. | apple |
| ʔa:ʔa | n. | crow |
| ʔabuluš | n. | apple |
| ʔadaš | n. | meat |
| ʔagaʔ | prep. | near |
| ʔalŋiʔ | root | good |
| ʔat'abiʔ | n. | fish |
| ʔayɨs | n. | antelope |
| ʔaŋaw | v. | good, well, fine |
| ʔaš | NS | and |
| ʔašuklel | adv. | behind |
| ʔaʔaš | v. | to be extinguished (fire) |
| ʔe:be | NS | day |
| ʔemc'i | v. | wake up |
| ʔemlep'ayʔ | adj. | angry |
| ʔepši:šib | v. | to relocate |
| ʔeʔiŋaw | v. | move |
| ʔi:bik' | adj. | ripe |
| ʔi:sa | n. | older sister, half sister, cousin |
| ʔi:yel | adj. | big |
| ʔi:š | n. | skin, fur, shell, feathers |
| ʔida | NS | and |
| ʔihuk' | adj. | dry |
| ʔilel | adv. | beside |
| ʔileʔ | prep. | next to; more |
| ʔisa | n. | older sister |
| ʔisuʔuš | v. | to go over to fight |
| ʔitMepuʔ | n. | fish spear |
| ʔitMok'ak'aʔ | n. | hook |
| ʔitbadopoʔ | n. | bleach, Clorox |
| ʔitbala:da | n. | rock used to keep score |
| ʔitbalayʔ | n. | dish cloth |
| ʔitbemušeʔeš | n. | book |
| ʔitdemušeʔeš | n. | book |
| ʔitdudepɨs | n. | lamp |
| ʔitdulayʔ | n. | paper towel |
| ʔitdumbaŋaʔ | n. | table |
| ʔitgumbaŋa | n. | table |
| ʔitlayʔ | n. | towel |
| ʔitmaŋaʔ | n. | ladder |
| ʔitp'a:t'i | n. | ladder |
| ʔitp'iliweʔ | n. | ladder |
| ʔitwalayʔ | n. | napkin |
| ʔitwaʔ | n. | clothing |
| ʔiweʔ | v. | stop |
| ʔiwiʔ | NS | on, over |
| ʔiŋaw | NS | still, again |
| ʔlo:t | NS | yesterday |
| ʔlo:š | v. | dance |
| ʔlotlo:diʔ | adv. | yesterday |
| ʔloʔom | n. | Brockway Spring |
| ʔlupdeb | v. | to be thin |
| ʔluʔusiʔ | v. | run fast |
| ʔma:š | n. | pinenut territory |
| ʔme:š | n. | husband |
| ʔoc'i | NS | hush |
| ʔoc'i | NS | hush |
| ʔodamobil | n. | automobile, car |
| ʔohoš | n. | hat |
| ʔoʔoš | n. | autumn |
| ʔudawduweʔ | NS | tall/big |
| ʔuga:k'ɨm | v. | to cut with axe |
| ʔugalis | n. | year |
| ʔugiʔiš | v. | height |
| ʔumt'aŋaʔ | n. | a hunt |
| ʔuŋa | wh. | what |
| ʔuŋateši | adv. | how |
| ʔuʔlaʔam | v. | to carry into water |
| ʔwaʔ | NS | here |
| ʔwe:š | n. | bird sp. |
| ʔyaʔyaŋ | root | brown, naked |
| ʔyeʔyew | v. | to shake |
| ʔyɨnʔyɨn | root | varicolored |