Appendix:Xukurú word lists

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Xukurú word lists:

Pompeu (1958)

Xucurú vocabulary from Pompeu (1958),[1] cited from Kurt Nimuendajú:[2][1]

Portuguese gloss (original) English gloss (translated) Xucurú
homem man xenúpre
mulher woman moéla
fogo fire intôa
água water teu
pedra stone kébra
cabeça head kreká
orelha ear bandulak
bôca mouth mãz
nariz nose korõzá
língua tongue izarágo
dente tooth ciladê
mão hand kereké
foot poyá
casa house sek
olho (olha) eye (see) pigó

Serra do Urubá

These word lists of language varieties from the Serra do Urubá (also known as the Serra do Arorobá or Serra do Ororubá, located in the municipality of Pesqueira, Pernambuco) are reproduced from Pompeu Sobrinho (1958).[1]

Below is a vocabulary collected by Domingos Cruz in Pesqueira, Pernambuco from his informant Rodrigues de Mendonça, who was originally from the Serra do Urubá:

Portuguese gloss (original) English gloss (translated) "Serra do Urubá"
cabeça head kreká, kri, ká
cabeça de vaca cow head kreká memêngo
chapéu hat kriákugo, kriá
chuva rain kraxixi
comida food kringó
comida boa good food kringó konengo
cachaça cachaça (liquor) irínka
bom, boa good konengo
chefe, mais velho boss, older taióp
deus God tupá
faca grande big knife xaníko
faca pequena small knife saquarék
homem man xiakrók
homem branco white man karé
homem índio Indian man xenunpe
homem defeituoso deformed man jajú
fome hunger xurák
inimigo enemy aredirí
ir embora go away nuntógo
mulher woman krippó
milho corn xigó
nevoeiro fog batukin
lua moon limolago
sol sun oraci
pedra stone krá
pedra (em cima da terra) stone (on top of the earth) krá xixí
foot poiá
defeito defect guxú
pé defeituoso defective foot poiá guxú
ruim bad aguá, pigó
homem branco ruim bad white man karé aguá
homem branco bom good white man karé konengo
O inimigo vem aí. The enemy is coming. arediri arediri

Vocabulary collected by Domingos Cruz from his informant Pedro Rodrigues, who was originally from the sitio of Gitó in the Serra do Urubá:

Portuguese gloss (original) English gloss (translated) Gitó variety
aguardente aguardente (liquor) orinka
aldeiamento village taiopo maritáro
arco (arma) bow (weapon) tamaingú, temaigú
carne meat inxi, ixi
fome hunger xurák
negro (homem) black (man) taká
cabra goat krexkuák jãtarinta
negra black taká jipu
onça jaguar jetôme
raça, tribo race, tribe xekurú
marinheiro (estrangeiro) sailor (foreigner) karé irut
carne meat inxin
comedor de carne meat eater inzin aragogú
mentiroso liar jupegúgo
lua moon limolágo
sol sun orací
deus God tupá
Nossa Senhora Our Lady (Virgin Mary) Tamaipí

Vocabulary collected by José Joaquim in Rio Branco, Pernambuco of a language spoken in the Serra do Urubá:

Portuguese gloss (original) English gloss (translated) "Serra do Urubá"
bom dia good morning degómen
cacete club kirí, quirí
cabeça head krêkió
batata potato baká, koxó
altar altar oiô
canela (tíbia) cinnamon; tibia gatí
canela fina fine cinnamon gatirí
cachaça cachaça (liquor) urínka
? ? urinka karóba
mão hand kêerakê
dedo finger atirí, tirí
nariz nose korõzó
espiga (milho) ear (of corn) tók, tóque
fumo, tabaco smoke, tobacco mãjá
Como vai? How are you? adeusá
livro book quatirá
fino thin irí
longe far tigí
ir embora go away ombêira
livrar-se get rid of muntógo
feijão bean jejá
cara, rosto face nãí
cara feia ugly face naiogo
negro (homem) black (man) taka
olhar look antiá
pano cloth mití (?)
pano velho (farrapo) old cloth (rag) takó
mandioca ou macaxeira cassava or manioc xaká
milho corn xigó
vertir pour, spill tadí
roupa clothes kunãgo
roupa nova new clothes tiliká
roupa velha old clothes takó
girau turned koiá
livro book katirá, quatirá
tamboeira (de milho) poorly sprouted corn boró tiga
espiga de milho corn cob tiga gugá

Meader (1978)

Xukuru is also known from a word list elicited in 1961 by Paul Wagner from Antônio Caetano do Nascimento, the chief of Brazinho village in the Serra Urubu of Pesqueira, Pernambuco State. The list is reproduced below, with English translations also given.[3]

Portuguese gloss (original) English gloss (translated) Xukuru
água water křikišε
arco bow fřεša
azul blue ιniyε
bebo I drink taiyε̨
fazer beber to drink uřιnka/o
boca mouth opigomə̨
branco white piřaːša
carne de boi beef iːša de mařiñu
carne de porco pork iːša de pʰužu
casa home šεkI / šεkʰ
está chovendo it is raining křišišε
cobra snake katə̨go / šabatə̨na / sązařa
comer (fazer) eat křιŋgɔ
corda (de índio) rope (of Indian) kəšta
correr (fazer) run mutəgo
dia day 'aːdamε
dormir to sleep muřiša
flecha arrow bεštə
fogo fire kiya
fumo smoke mažε
fumando (fazendo) smoking ε/ιštə̨ŋgu
joelho knee žəže
lua moon kιlaRmɔ
machado axe takɔ de supapʰo
mãe mother tšiɔkɔ
mandioca cassava iːəmu
farinha de mandioca cassava flour įəmu
matar kill kopago/u
menino boy ambεkO / křipʰu/i
milho corn šιgu / šiːgřu / siːgu
morto (defunto) dead (deceased) kupʰu
mulher / moça woman / girl ɔkřιpi / tšɔkɔ
nariz nose šikřį
noite night batukį
noite clara clear night kilařižmąų / kιlařižmąų
noite sem luar moonless night batřokį / batokį
nuvem cloud nǫmbřu
olho eye aloži / lə̨že/ε
pai dad taiɔpʰu
panela de barro clay pot mɔiː
pau stick křə̨ži
foot poiya
pés-de-bode goat feet poia de mε̨mε̨ŋgo
pedra stone kařašiši / kašiši / kebřə
pequeno small křeɔ
perna fina thin leg žatiři
pessoa ruim bad person taːnañago
piolho louse kuša
preta black woman takažu křεga
preto black man takažu pu
sangue blood bǫdąso
sol sun aːdɔmε
terra earth lιmulagu
velho old iakɔ / taiəpu / přɔ
vem cá come here iąkɔ / iə̨nkɔ
verde green piřaša / takaιnyε
abóbora pumpkin porou
até logo see you later ambeřa
banana banana pakɔvɔ
beiju beiju šɔšɔgu
bicho-de-pé chigoe flea (Tunga penetrans) bušu / bušudu
bode goat mε̨mε̨ŋgo
boi ox mařį
bolsa handbag aiyɔ
bom-dia good morning břεmε̨/æ̨
brasa ember toe
brigar (mentir?) (fazer) fight (lie?) ařago
cabaça gourd kuřekɔ/a
caboclo caboclo taispu/U
caboclo velho old caboclo přɔ / sanumpI/i
cachaça cachaça uřiːka žɔgu
cachimbo smoking pipe šaduřε
café coffee fǫfǫ
cágado tortoise šabutε
cansado tired nanəgu
carneiro ram labudu
cavalo horse pitšιŋgə
chapéu hat křeakřugu
chefe chief přə
chorando crying šualya
cintura waist hododoːgu
dar na cabeça give in the head kupago
dinheiro money εntaiu
doce sweet kažuřə
duas horas da tarde two o'clock in the afternoon ŋgutimæ
escuro dark bətukį / batyukį
espingarda shotgun kašuvemini / nazařinə
espírito (homem) spirit (of man) kopʰu ařaga
fava fava bean kuřikə
feijão bean saka
fica quieto stay quiet naiyεtigořε / naiyε biago
fome (está com) hungry (be) šuřakI/i
fósforo match (lighter) křiya
galinha chicken tapuka
gato cat žetona
gato do mato / leão wildcat / lion tə̨tə̨ŋgu / tątągu
homem mal feito ugly man křugu/i
ladrão thief šikřεgugu
lagartinha small caterpillar kuřišiba
lenha firewood křə̨ži
língua dos Xukurus Xukuru language břɔbɔ
maça apple kuřikɔ
madeira wood křə̨ž
mentira a lie (not truth) uːegwe
mulata mulatto křεšuagu
nome da tribo Xukuru tribe šukuřuiz
Nossa Senhora Our Lady (Virgin Mary) təməį
Nosso Senhor Our Lord (Jesus) tupə̨
onça / rato jaguar / rat pipʰiu
padre father pažε
panela / jarro pot / pitcher mə̨yį
patim skate iːə̨kə̨
pato duck tapukə
peba drink šabutε / šababutε
peru turkey papιsaka / isaka
ponto de boi point of ox kakřiə̨kʰɔ
porco pig pužu
prato de barro clay plate šεtkibųgu
preá price bεŋo / bεŋgo
prender (fez) catch abřeřa
com raiva angry mařau
rapadura rapadura kařuža
rede net tipʰoia
roubar (fazer) steal ařagu / šιkřugu / šikřεgu
roupa (genérico) clothing (generic) takʰɔ
roupa rasgada rags, ripped clothing takə ařagu
saia skirt tinəŋgɔ
sapato shoe šaba
sapo toad sařapə
sede thirst sεři
soldado soldier ařεdæři / kəmakwį
titica useless ižari / šapřuiz
titica grande very useless žaři
trovão thunder təkəmařu / takəmařau
urinar urinate žιgu
urubu vulture gřaːsia
vai dar de corpo will give body šιkumə
viagem (fazer) travel ųbřeːřa / muntəgu

Lapenda (1962)

The following Xucuru words are from Geraldo Lapenda (1962). The data was collected by Raimundo Dantas Carneiro and Cícero Cavalcanti. (Xukuru also has nasalized vowels. Lapenda (1962) transcribes nasalized vowels as Vn (orthographic vowel followed by n).)[4]

Portuguese gloss (original) English gloss (translated) Xucuru
água water téw, kaité
água, rio water, river xakr
animal, boi animal, ox amank
arapuá Trigona spinipes bee suska
arma de fogo gun, firearm tuman-igú (tu-man-i-gú)
banana banana akôbra
barriga belly mayópó, tuyá
bébado drunk, intoxicated tan-yen
boa tarde! good afternoon! lakutmen
bode, cabra goat menmengo (men-men-go)
boi ox gahanxo (ga-han-xo), marinha (ma-rin-ha)
bom good konengo, pirara
bom dia! good morning! komenmen
brasa, fogo ember, fire xetkubú
cabeça head kréká
cabelo hair avenko, exék, unj
cacete club, bludgeon konkré, ximbó
cachimbo smoking pipe makringó, xanduré
cachimbo do ritual ritual pipe xanduré
cachorro dog jabrêgo
cacique chief, indigenous leader nekrètá
cadáver corpse kapxégo
café coffee zinbaw
carne meat, beef inxa
carneiro ram zangzag
carnívoro carnivore zmaragúgo
casa home xako
chapéu (coberta da cabeça) hat (head covering) kré agúgo
chover rain (verb) krikxé
comer, comida eat, food kringó
copular copulate uyuingo
correr run montógo, onbrêra
de manhã in the morning in bemen
de noite in the night in tataramen
de tarde in the afternoon in kutmen
defecar defecate xikúgo
Deus God Putú, Paité
dinheiro money itay
dizer say nennen (nen-nen)
doce sweet tuxá
doente, doença sick, illness tayrgêgo
dormir sleep gon-yá (gon-yá)
espancar, matar beat, kill kupágo
espirito spirit jetó
faca knife sakwaren, tilôa
farinha de mandioca cassava flour amun (a-mún)
feijão bean saká
feio ugly katongo, waga
feiticeiro sorcerer jubêgo
filho son akó
fogo fire itôka
fome, faminto, ter fome hungry xurak
frio cold xiá
fumaça smoke (noun) (chaminé) ximinéw
fumar smoke (verb) stongo
fumar durante o rito to smoke during a ritual jiton
gado cattle xafangú, amank
gato cat jetonm (je-ton-m)
gato-do-mato oncilla (Leopardus tigrinus) tantango
guloso, gula greedy, gluttony inbrugúgo
homem branco white man karé
índio Indian xennunpr (xen-nun-pr)
intestino, ventre intestine, womb mayópó
invocar os espíritos invoke the spirits jetó jéti
ladrão thief xuhégo
lua moon klarihmon
marido husband aríderí
matar kill arágo
mau bad awixo, irú, inbrugúgo
mau, feio bad, ugly waga
melancia watermelon befêw
menino boy jéút, mayópípo
mentiroso, mentira, mentir liar, lie jupegúgo, xupegúgo
milho corn jigo, xigo
mocó (animal) rock cavy koriko pexerumen
não no biá
não falar not talk non-yen biá
nariz nose axéko, xikrin
negro black mankwé, jupú, taka, gon-yé
Nossa Senhora Our Lady Taminn (ta-min-n)
Nossa Senhora das Montanhas Our Lady of the Mountains Taman-ín-a (ta-man-in-a)
Nosso Senhor Our Lord Papá Duá
ôlho eye axó, pigamnan
onça jaguar wanmanx (wan-man-x), lanprêgo
ovelha sheep burudo, zangzag
foot poyá
pedra stone kwêbra, krekré
pequeno small akrugó, bibí, gingin, krinin, kuit
peru turkey teadusaka
pinto chick kréun-inxo (kré-ún-in-xo)
preá price bengo, koriko mandumen
prender catch ajigo
rapazola boy (big for his age) awiko
reunião ritual ritual meeting inkant
rito ritual prayá
sal salt lungin (lun-gin), ínkin
sol sun murasi
tatu-bola armadillo manntú (man-n-tú)
terra earth lemolahgo, kraxixi
tícaca opossum (type of) fekiá
timbu, gambá opossum totiko, utxaká
tripa intestines madgoz
urinar urinate xabrêgo
velha old woman wakó
velho old man pró, tayópo
venha cá come here iankwan
vento forte strong wind xuá
vinho de jurema jurema liquor jusa

Loukotka (1949)

The following Shukurú words are from Loukotka (1949). The data is from a 137-word manuscript list collected by Curt Nimuendajú in 1934 from 4 elderly semi-speakers in Pernambuco. The list was obtained by Loukotka in 1940.[5]

French gloss (original) English gloss (translated) Shukurú
chien dog ʒebrégo
dent tooth tʃilodé
eau water téu
femme woman moéla
feu fire intóa
hache axe tilóa
homme man ʃenũprĕ
jaguar jaguar lamprémp
langue tongue ĩʃ-arágŏ
main hand koreké
maïs maize ʃígŭ
maison house ʃek
manioc cassava ʃakurarágŭ
manger eat kreŋgô
oreille ear bandalák
pied foot poyá
pierre stone kéiba
pot pot koréka
serpent snake saŋsála
tabac tobacco mãʒé
tête head kreká

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Pompeu Sobrinho, Thomaz. 1958. Línguas Tapuias desconhecidas do Nordeste: Alguns vocabulários inéditos. Boletim de Antropologia (Fortaleza-Ceará) 2. 3-19.
  2. ^ Nimuendajú, Kurt. “Revista do Instituto Arqueológico, Histórico e Geográfico Pernambucano”. ns. 155, 158.
  3. ^ Meader, Robert E. (1978) Indios do Nordeste: Levantamento sobre os remanescentes tribais do nordeste brasileiro (in Portuguese), Brasilia: SIL International
  4. ^ Lapenda, Geraldo Calábria. 1962. O dialecto Xucuru. Doxa (Revista Oficial do Departamento de Cultura do Diretório Acadêmico da Faculdade de Filosofia de Pernambuco da Universidade do Recife), ano X, n. 10, p. 11-23. Biblioteca Digital Curt Nimuendaju.
  5. ^ Loukotka, Čestmír (1949) “Sur quelques langues inconnues de l'Amérique du Sud”, in Lingua Posnaniensis (in French), volume 1, pages 53–82
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