Appendix:Proto-Mamoré-Guaporé reconstructions

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Proto-Mamoré-Guaporé reconstructions:[1]

Jolkesky (2016)

No. Portuguese gloss Proto-Mamoré-Guaporé Ignaciano Trinitário Paunáka Paikonéka Bauré
1. abóbora *mokuβɨ-re makure mkure *mukubɨre *mokoβire mokovis
2. água *ɨne une une ɨne ina *ine
3. algodão *kɔhɔ-re kaha-re kho-re kuhu-e kohoβu-re kahawo-r
4. amendoim *kɨrike-re kurike-re kriç-re kɨike - *kirike-re
5. animal doméstico *pero -pera -pero peu - -per
6. anta *samo sama samo samu i-somo som
7. arco-íris a-{ʔe} o-{ʔe} u-{e} - {ni}-aʔ
8. arraia *ihino ihina hino-mo ihinu ihino *sinu-mpe
9. árvore *βoku - βku-çi - {ape}-oko -wok(o)
10. asa *-poβo -paβa -poβo *-pubu - *-powo
11. assar *-himo- -a-hima-ka- -o-hmo-ko- -himu-k- - -himo- ‘queimar’
12. avó *-oʦe -aʦe -oʦe -use - *-ose
13. avô *-ɔʧɨko -aʧuka -oʧko *-uʧiku - *-aʃiko
14. bêbado *-kɔβɨ- -kaβa-ʔa- -koβo-o- -kubɨ-u- - -kavi-
15. beber, tomar *-er-o- -er-a- -er-o- -e- - -er(o)-
16. beija-flor *piʦe pitse pitse pise ‘pássaro’ pite *pite
17. bicho-de-pé *kitu-re situ-re stu-re kitu-e *sito-ri -
18. bicho-preguiça *puʔe puʔe puʔe pue - poʔe
19. boca *-nukɨ -nuku ‘bocado’ {hii}-nuku ‘bigode’ *-nukɨ - -noki
20. brasas *e-moni-ki e-mani-ki -moni e-muni-ki - *e-moni-si
21. cana *kute-nɔ akute-na ʔkute-no - kote-na-se kote-n
22. cantar *-akɔ- - - -aku-suni -aka- -ak-
23. capivara *uʧɨ uʧu uʧu *uʧɨ *aʔ-oʧi oʃ(i)
24. carão *koʧu-re kaʧu-re kʧu-re - - koʃo-r
25. carne *-eʧe -eʧe -eʧe -eʧe - -eʃ
26. casa *pe-nɔ -pe-na (dep) -pe-no (dep) - - -pe-n ‘toca’
27. céu *anɨ anu-ma anu-mo anɨ-mu ani ani
28. chifre *-hiʔɨ -hiʔu -hiʔu *-hiɨ -hi -hiʔ
29. chorar *-ijɔ- -ija-ʔ-a -ijo-ʔ-o -ju- -ʧo- -ja-
30. comer *-ni-ko- -ni-ka- -ni-ko- -ni-k- -ni-ko- -ni-(k)-
31. cortar *-ʧu-ko- -e-ʧuka- -ʧukoʔo- - - a-ʃok-
32. cupim *moto-rɨ mata-ru mto-ru - moto-ri-pa ‘cupinzeiro moto-ri
33. cutia *peri peʔi peʔi pei peri peri
34. dedo *-βoʔɨ-ki -βau-ki -βu-çi -buɨ *-βoʔi-ne-si *-woʔi-si
35. defecar *-sɔ- -sa-ka- -so-ko- - - -sa-(p)-
36. doente *-huma -ka-huma -ko-hma - - *-hom
37. doer *-koti -kati -koti(-ʧo) -kuti ‘doente’ -koti ‘doente’ -koti-c-
38. dois *api- api- api- - - api-n
39. dormir *-imo-ko- -ima-ka- im-ko- -imu-k- -mo-k-o- -imo-k-
40. enguia *iti-re iti-re ʔti-re-pi iti-e oti-ra *iti-re
41. entrar *-kiɔpo- -siapa- -siop-- bɨ-kupu- - -siap-
42. esposa *-jeno -jena -jeno -jenu - -jeno
43. espremer *kopiti-ko- -kapiti-ka- -kopʧa-ko- kupiti-k- - kopiti-e-k-
44. esquerda *-sɔpa -sapa -sopa - - -sap
45. folha *-po- -pa-ka-hi -po-ko-hi -pu-ne - -po-n
46. formiga *koʦi-rɨ kaʧi-ru kʧi-ru kusi-u koʧi-ri koʃi-ri
47. fritar *-surɨ- -suru-ka- -suu-ko- - - -sori-
48. fruta *-ʔi -ʔi -ʔi -i -ʔi *-ʔi
49. galho *-aβo -t-aβa -t-aβo(-hi) - - *-awo
50. genro *-ʧina -ʧina -ʧina - - ʃinaʔ
51. grande *ʧo i-ʧa-pe ʔ-ʧo-pe - - ʧo
52. grilo *βiʦi βiʧi βiʧi bisi βiʧi viʃi
53. homem *hirɔ a-haira ʔ-hiro - - hir(a)
54. ir *-jono- -jana- -jono- -jun- -ʧono- -jon(o)-
55. jacaré *kɔhiɨ-re kahiu-re khʸu-re kuhibu-e *kohi-re kahi-re
56. jacutinga *huβi huβi huβi *e-hubi - hovi-r(e)
57. lago *kɔkiɨ kakiu-re koçu-re - - aki
58. lavar *-kipɔ- -sipa-ka- -sip-ko- kipu-ch- - -sipa
59. levar *-ɔmo- -ama- -omo- -um- - -amo-
60. língua *-nene -nene -nene -pe-nene i-pe-ne -pe-nene
61. lobo-guará *okɔrɔ akara-ma okro-mo - - okara-nan
62. lua *kohe kahe kohe kuhe kehe-re kihe-r
63. luz, iluminar *-mika- -mika-ʔu -mik-ʔu - - -mika-
64. macaco *ijo ija ijo iju iʧo-re ijo-re
65. madeira *jɔkɨ-ki juku-ki jku-çi jɨkɨ-ke ʧaki-se *jaki-se
66. maduro *-jɔ- -ja-ʔa- -jo-ʔo- - - -ja-k-
67. mãe *-eno -ena -eno -enu *-eno -en(o)
68. mama, teta *-ʧeni -ʧene -ʧene -ʧene - *-ʃeni
69. mamar *(-ɔ)-hi-ko- -ahi-ka- -oh-ko- -uhi-k- - -hi-k-
70. mandioca *kɨha kuhu kuh-pa kɨha-pi - kaha-p
71. mão *-βoʔɨ -βaʔu -βoʔu ‘pulso’ -buɨ *-βoʔi -wo-
72. medo *-piko- -pika- -piko- -i-pik- - -piko-
73. milho *moke a-maki ʔ-moçi a-muke o-mose mos
74. morcego *βite βite βite bite βite-re vite-r
75. morrer *-epeno- -epena- -epeno- - - -epen(o-)
76. mosquito *aniʔɨ aniʔu *ʔniʔu anibɨ oni *aniʔ
77. mulher *eʦeno esena ʔseno -senu *-iteno eteno
78. mutum *ukuʔi ukuʔi ʔkuʔi - - wokoij
79. nariz *-siri -siri -siri - -sere-ki -siri-ki
80. ninho *-moko -maka-hi -moko-hi -muku-hi - ʃira-mok
81. noite *joti jati joti juti - *joti-ʔe
82. nuvem *ɨko uka-hi uko-hi ɨku ‘chuva’ iko ‘chover’ -
83. olho *-βɨki -uki-{ʔa} -uç-{ʔa} -bɨke *-βiki-s(e) -iki-se
84. onça *iʧini iʧini ʔʧini isini iʧene iʃini
85. orelha *-ʧoka -ʧaka-pe -ʧoka -ʧuka - -ʧok
86. osso *-(n)ope ij-ape ʔj-ope-çi e-upe *e-nope *e-nope
87. ouvir *-samo- -sama- -samo- -samu- - *-samo-
88. pai *-ija -ija -ija -ia - iaʔ
89. palmeira (bacuri) *koʧi kaʧi koʧ-no - koʧi koʃ
90. pato *pohi u-pahi ʔ-pohi u-puhi i-pohi ʔ-pohi
91. pato roncador *βonono βanana βnono - - wonon
92. peixe *himo hima himo himu ʔimo *himo
93. pele *-(ʧ)uma -uma-ma -um-mo - i-tioma *-ʧoma
94. pequeno *-ʧepi *-iʧepi-ʧu *-ʔ-ʧeʔ-ʧu -ʧepi-tɨ - -t-iʃepi
95. pescoço *-pike-(nɨ) -pike-nu -piçe-nu *-pike-nɨ - *-pihe
96. pessoa *oʧane aʧane ʔʧane uʧane oʧane ‘homem’ *oʧane
97. pimenta *ʧeti i-ʧeti ʔ-ʧeti u-ʧeti *e-ʧeti *ʃeti
98. piolho *-ine -iɲe -iɲe -ine - *-ine
99. piranha *urɨmɔ uruma ʔrumo *ɨmu orimo orima
100. porco *ʦimo-rɨ tsimaru *ʦmoru - simori simori
101. pulmão *-haha -haha -haha - - -hah
102. queimado *-hɨ- -i-hu- -i-hu- i-hɨ-e- - -him(o)-
103. rabo *-ihi-ki -ihi-ki -ih-çi *-ihi - -ihi-s
104. raposa *ʧɨje ʧuje ʧuje - ʧiʔe ʃijeʔ
105. rato *koʦo kaʦa koʦo kusu *koso kosio (Língua muxojeóne)
106. responder *-kopo- -hi-kapa- -hi-kpo- ha-kup- - -kopo-nia
107. roedor *majuko majuka ‘preá mjuko ‘coelho - *maʧoko ‘preá majak ‘preá
108. rosto *-mirɔ -mira -miro -miu-iɨke -{mi}miro -mira
109. saber *-ʧo- -eʧa- -eʧo- ‘lembrar’ *-eʧu-na- - -ʧo-
110. sangue *-iti iti iti -iti - -iti
111. sobrinho/a *-ʧe-(hi) -ʧe-hi -ʧe-ra - - -ʃi-h
112. sogra *-mose -i-mase -i-mse -muse - -mos
113. sogro *-moʧɨuko -i-maʧuka -i-mʧuko - - -moʃok
114. tartaruga *kipɨ sipu sipu kipɨ sipi{-ra} {ko-}sip(o)
115. terminar *-ito- -ita- -ito- - - -eto-
116. terra *moʦe mate-hi mote-hi mute-hi mose *mose
117. tia *-aka -aka ‘tia avó’ - - - -aka
118. tio *-kɨko -e-kuka - -kɨku - -kik
119. tomar banho *-koβo- -kaβa- -koβo- -kub- - -kowo-{jo-}
120. trazer *-ɔpɔ- -n-apa-na- -upu-n- - -apa-
121. três *mopo- mapa- mopo-na - - mpo-na
122. urucum *nire i-nire ʔ-nire - - nir
123. veado *kɔhɔβɔ kahaβa khoβo kusubu kohoβo kahaw
124. veado *mukɔ muka muko moka
125. velho *-ʧɔ, *-ʧo i-ʧa-si ʔ-ʧo-si -ʧu-bui e-ʧo -
126. veneno *mɔti -mati ʔ-moti - - mati
127. ver *-imoʔɔ- -ima-ʔa- -im-ʔo- -mu- -ʔimo-ʔa- -
128. vespa *hane hane hane hane - hane
129. voar *-ɔro- -ara- -oro- - - -aro-

Affixes

Grammatical morphemes:[1]

Glosa Proto-Mamoré-Guaporé Ignaciano Trinitário Paunáka Bauré
atual *-i-ʔi -ʔi -r-i-ʔi - -iʔi
causativo *imo- imi- im- im- imo-
denominal atributivo *ko- ka- ka- ku- ko-
denominal privativo *mo- ma- ma- - mo-
descontínuo, caduco *-ini -(i)ni -ini -ini -in
exclusivo, limitativo *-i-ʧu (-r)-i-ʧu (-r)-i-ʧu - -iʃ
forma independente *-re -re -re -e -re
intensificador *-ne (-r-i)-ne (-r-i)-ne - *-ne
irrealis *-a a-, -a a-, -a a-, -a -a
médio-passivo *-si -(ka)-si -si - -si
nominalizador 1 *-rɨ, *-re -ru, -re -ru, -re -e -ri
nominalizador 2 *-βo -va -vo -bu -wo
perfectivo *-po -pa -po -pu -po
prospectivo *-jo -ja(-re) -jo(-re) -ju ‘intencional’ -jo ‘incompletivo’
reflexivo *-βo -va -vo -bu -wo
reportativo *-hi -hi -i-hi -hi -hi
tema verbal 1 *-ko -ka -ko -ku -ko ‘absolutivo’
tema verbal 2 *-ʧo -ʧa -ʧo -ʧu ‘aplicativo’ -ʧo ‘aplicativo’
transitivizador *ko- - ko- ku- ko-
CLS.ave/bico *-ʔi -ʔi -ʔi - -i
CLS.cilíndrico.duro *-ki -ki -çi -ke -si
CLS.cilíndrico.flexivel *-pi -pi -pi -pi -pi
CLS.cobertura *-mo -ma -mo - -mo
CLS.esferoidal.oco *-kɨ -ku -ku -kɨ -ki
CLS.esferoidal.maciço *-si -si -si - -se ‘ovoide’
CLS.fruta.redonda *-ʔi -ʔi -ʔi - -i
CLS.genérico *-no -na -na - -no ‘humano’
CLS.inseto *-si -si -si - -si
CLS.mamífero/membro *-ʔɔ -ʔa -ʔo - -a ‘animal’
CLS.oblonɡo/arredondado *-ʔe -ʔe -ʔe - -e
CLS.oblongo/laminar *-pe -pe -pe - -(m)pe
CLS.peixe/inseto *-po -pa -po - -po
CLS.plano.perpendicular *-ʧe -ʧe -ʧe - -ʃe
CLS.pó/semente *-pa -pa -pa -pa -pa
CLS.porção *-hi -hi -hi -hi -hi
CLS.tablóide *-pa -pa -pa - -pa

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Jolkesky, Marcelo (2016). Uma reconstrução do proto-mamoré-guaporé (família arawák). LIAMES: Línguas Indígenas Americanas, 16(1), 7-37. DOI: 10.20396/liames.v16i1.8646164

See also

Vocabulary lists of Amerindian languages
North America

Amerindian • p-Amerind • p-Eskimo • p-Na-Dene • p-Athabaskan • p-Algonquian • Beothuk • p-Iroquoian • p-Siouan • Caddoan • Yuchi • Kutenai • Chinook • p-Sahaptian • p-Takelman • p-Kalapuyan • Alsea • p-Wintun • Klamath • Molala • Cayuse • Coos • Lower Umpqua • p-Utian • p-Yokuts • p-Maidun • p-Salishan • p-Wakashan • p-Chimakuan • p-Hokan • p-Palaihnihan • Chimariko • Shasta • Yana • p-Pomo • Esselen • Salinan • p-Chumash • Waikuri • p-Yuman • p-Yukian • Washo • p-Kiowa-Tanoan • p-Keresan • Coahuilteco • Comecrudo • Cotoname • Karankawa • Tonkawa • Maratino • Quinigua • Naolan • p-Muskogean • Natchez (Swadesh) • Atakapa • Adai • Timucua

Central America

p-Oto-Manguean • p-Oto-Pamean • p-Central Otomian • p-Otomi • p-Popolocan (p-Mazatec) • p-Chinantec • p-Mixtec • p-Zapotec • p-Uto-Aztecan • p-Aztecan • Purépecha (Swadesh) • Cuitlatec • p-Totozoquean • p-Totonacan • p-Mixe-Zoquean • Highland Chontal • Huamelultec • Tequistlatec • p-Huave • p-Mayan (Swadesh) • Xinca • p-Jicaque • p-Lencan • Lenca • p-Misumalpan

South America

p-Cariban • p-Taranoan • p-Chibchan • p-Barbacoan • Páez • p-Pano-Takanan • p-Panoan • p-Makú • Hupda • p-Tukanoan • p-Arawan • Harákmbut–Katukinan • p-Cahuapanan • p-Choco • p-Guahiban • p-Shuar • Candoshi • p-Shuar-Candoshi • Achuar • p-Nambikwaran • Tinigua • Timote • p-Lule-Vilela • Vilela • Chamacoco • Allentiac • Chaná • Arutani-Sape • p-Bora-Muinane • Bora • p-Witotoan • Witoto • p-Macro-Daha • Sáliba • Piaroa • Ticuna • Yuri • Caraballo • Andoque • p-Mataguayo • p-Guaicurú • Guachí • Payagua • Mura • Pirahã • Matanawi • Quechumaran • Quechuan • p-Zaparoan • p-Peba-Yagua • Iquito • p-Chapacuran • Andaqui • Guamo • Betoi • Kamsá • Otomacoan • Jirajaran • Hibito-Cholon • Cholón • Sechura-Catacao • Sechura • Culli • Mochica • Esmeralda • Taushiro • Urarina • Aiwa • Canichana • Guató • Irantxe • Aikanã • Kanoé (Swadesh) • Kwaza • Mato Grosso Arára • Munichi • Omurano • Puinave • Leco • Puquina • Ramanos • Warao • Yaruro • Yuracaré • Yurumangui

South America (NE Brazil)

Katembri • Taruma • Yatê • Xukurú • Natú • Pankararú • Tuxá • Atikum • Kambiwá • Xokó • Baenan • Kaimbé • Tarairiú • Gamela

South America (Arawakan)

p-Arawakan • p-Japurá-Colombia • p-Lokono-Guajiro • Wayuu • p-Mamoré-Guaporé • p-Bolivia • p-Mojeño • p-Purus

South America (Macro-Jê)

p-Macro-Jê • Rikbaktsa • p-Jê • Jeikó • p-Jabuti • p-Kamakã • Kamakã • Maxakali • Chiquitano • Dzubukua • Oti • p-Puri • p-Bororo

South America (Tupian)

p-Tupian • Puruborá • Karo • p-Tupari • p-Maweti-Guarani • p-Tupi-Guarani • Guaraní