Purépecha word list:
Purépecha (Jarácuaro dialect) word list from Chamoreau (2003):[1]
| Spanish gloss | Purépecha (Jarácuaro dialect) |
|---|---|
| abajo | ˈke¢ikʷa |
| abanicar, ventilar la cara | taˈɽyanaɽini |
| abeja | waˈnapu |
| abrir | ˈmitani |
| acabar | kʰaˈmani |
| aconsejar | aˈɽiaɽitani |
| acostado (estar) | iˈčapini |
| adobe | yaˈwaɽukata |
| afilar | amˈpamukuntʰani |
| aflojar | ˈškʰerini |
| agrio | šaˈɽipiti |
| agua | iˈ¢ɨ |
| aguacate | kuˈpanta |
| águila | ˈkʷʰišɨ |
| agujerear | ˈpoɽoani |
| ahora | ˈyašɨ |
| aire | taˈɽyata |
| ala | ˈkašuɽakʷa |
| alacrán | kʷʰaˈrapu |
| alegre | ˈ¢ipini |
| algodón | šuˈɽata |
| amargo | khaˈmeri |
| amarillo | ¢ɨˈpampiti |
| amontonar | ˈtanani, ˈyakatani |
| ampolla | taˈkišɨ |
| ancho | ˈkotʰi |
| anillo | xuˈkakʰuɽakʷa, aˈniyu |
| animal | aˈnimali |
| anona | aˈtišɨ |
| anteayer | wiˈ¢intikʷa ˈma xuˈɽyata |
| año | ˈwešuɽini |
| aplastar | pučʰarani |
| apretar | xeˈyatani, ˈ¢kikuni |
| apurarse | ˈčkakuɽani |
| aquí | iˈšu |
| araña | šɨˈkʷapu |
| árbol | aˈnatapu |
| arco iris | šuˈpakata |
| arder (lumbre) | teˈšarani, ˈ¢omeni, kuˈɽini |
| ardilla | kʷaˈraki |
| arena | kuˈ¢ari |
| armadillo | iˈšɨnkʷa |
| arriba | kaˈɽakʷa |
| arriera (hormiga) | šɨˈruki |
| asar | wiˈrikani |
| atole | kaˈmata |
| avergonzado | kʰuˈra¢ɨni |
| ayer | wiˈ¢intikʷa |
| babear | yuˈɽumuni |
| bailar | waˈɽani |
| bajar | ˈke¢ini |
| bañarse | iˈkʷʰani, xaˈponi |
| barba | tiˈšɨmikʷa |
| barrer | kʰaˈɽatani |
| barriga | ˈkʰupaɽata, šɨˈtuɽi (estómago) |
| basura | baˈsura |
| baúl | ˈkaxa |
| beber | iˈ¢ɨmani, šuˈɽukuni |
| bendecir | ˈočʰakurani |
| blanco | uˈrapiti |
| blando | kʷaˈtapiti |
| boca | penˈčumikʷa |
| borracho | kaˈwiri |
| borrego | kaˈriči |
| bosque | ˈxwataɽu |
| brazo (y mano) | ˈxakʰi |
| brujo | šɨˈkʷami |
| buey | waˈkašɨ |
| cabello | xaˈwiri |
| cabeza | ˈepʰu |
| cacao | ˈkʰekʷa |
| cal | kuˈɽirakʷa |
| calabaza | puˈɽu |
| calentura | kuˈɽintʰani |
| caliente | xoˈɽepiti |
| cama | ˈkama |
| caminar | šaˈnarani |
| camino | šaˈnaru |
| camote | waˈɽašɨ |
| cana | xaˈwiri uˈrapiti |
| canasta (con asa) | kaˈnimu |
| canasta (sin asa) | ¢iˈkyata |
| cangrejo | — |
| cantar | piˈrini |
| cántaro | kʰaˈmokʷa |
| caña | ˈšɨmpa (de maíz), aˈɽo (seca del maíz) |
| capaz | amˈpe ˈuni ˈuni (algo poder hacer) |
| cara | ˈkanaɽikʷa |
| carbón | tuˈɽiri |
| carne | kʷʰiˈripita |
| carrizo | pʰaˈtamu |
| carro | otoˈmobili, xaˈtakʷa (el que contiene) |
| casa | ˈktʰa, kuˈmančikʷa |
| cáscara | ˈkapaɽakʷa |
| cazar | aˈtʰani |
| cebolla | ¢uˈrupšɨ |
| cenar | tʰiˈrini (comer) |
| ceniza | ˈxapu tʰuˈpuri (nixtamal polvo) |
| cera | ˈsera |
| cerca (adv.) | ˈserka |
| cerdo | ˈkuči |
| cerrar | ˈmikani |
| cerro | ˈxwata |
| cielo | aˈwanta |
| cien | ˈsyen |
| cigarro | siˈgaru |
| cinco | ˈyumu |
| ciruela | ˈkupu, šenkʷa (capulín) |
| claro | amˈpakiti |
| coa | xaˈɽakutarakʷa |
| cocinar | ˈuntʰani |
| coco | ˈkoko |
| coger | xuˈpikani |
| cola | ˈčʰeti |
| collar | weˈkačʰakʷa |
| comal | eˈrokšɨ |
| comer | tʰiˈrini, aˈɽani, maˈkuni |
| comezón | a¢hɨmiɽikʷa |
| comida | tʰiˈrikʷa |
| completar | anˈtakuntʰani |
| comprar | ˈpyani |
| contar (números) | ˈkontʰwani |
| contar (narrar) | aˈɽipʰeni, wanˈtatani |
| contestar | ˈmokukuni |
| conversar | wanˈton¢kuɽini |
| copal | ˈtyošɨ šuˈnanta |
| corazón | minˈ¢ita |
| correr | wiˈriani |
| cortar | pʰiˈkuni, aˈkuni, waˈɽukuni, aˈkʷʰaɽini (herir), kačʰukuni (romper), čaˈpani (hachear), kʷiˈnani (cortar el cabello), aˈɽantʰani (cortar leña) |
| corteza | teˈkʰata |
| corto | saˈpiɽati |
| cosechar | pʰiˈkuntʰani |
| coser | šɨˈrikuni, šɨˈrintʰani (con máquina) |
| coyote | xiˈwa¢ɨ |
| crecer | kʷʰiˈripini, ˈkʰepani |
| creer | xaˈkakʰuni |
| criar | ˈkamani |
| criatura | čaˈɽaku (bebé) |
| crudo | ˈno niˈnikata |
| ¿cuándo? | ˈnatini, ˈkani |
| ¿cuánto? | ˈnašani (+ singular), naˈmuni (+ plural) |
| cuarenta | kʷaˈrentʰa |
| cuatro | ˈtʰamu |
| cucaracha | ˈ¢ɨpini amˈpe |
| cuello | aˈnančakʷa |
| cuerda (lazo) | šɨnˈtari |
| cuerpo | kʷʰˈiˈripita |
| cuervo | ˈkʷʰaki |
| cueva | xaˈɽamuta |
| cuidar | ˈkʷani |
| culebra | aˈkʷi¢i |
| cuñada | ˈtwiškʷʰa |
| cura | taˈta |
| curar | ¢ʰiˈnani |
| chapulín | ˈčočo |
| chayote | aˈpupu |
| chicozapote | šuˈkanta uˈɽuata |
| chilacayote | tʰiˈka¢ɨ |
| chile | kʰaˈwašɨ |
| chinche | ˈčinčita |
| chupar | šuˈɽukuni |
| chuparrosa | — |
| dar | ˈin¢pini, ˈin¢kuni |
| deber (dinero) | ˈkankuni |
| deber (obligación) | xaˈ¢ini ˈpara |
| decir | aˈɽini |
| dedo | wiˈšuɽutakʷa |
| dejar (permitir) | xuˈrakʰuni |
| dejar (en un lugar) | xuˈrakʰuni |
| delgado | ¢ʰaˈwapiti, yuˈɽu¢iti, kʰaˈɽišɨ |
| derecho | xuˈɽimpitku |
| desatar | kʷeˈrakuni |
| descansar | minˈ¢itani |
| despertar | ˈ¢ɨmirani |
| despertarse | ˈ¢ɨnaɽini |
| desplumar | pʰunˈkʷari ˈpʰikuni |
| después | ˈta¢ɨkʷa |
| destruir | šeˈrentʰani, šeˈreɽini (una persona), kaˈkani (quebrar) |
| día | xuˈɽyatikʷa |
| dientes | ˈšɨni |
| diez | ˈtempini |
| dinero | tuˈmina |
| distribuir | eˈ¢akuni |
| doler | pʰaˈmeni |
| ¿dónde? | naˈni |
| dormir | ˈkʷʰini |
| dos | ¢iˈmani |
| dulce (adj.) | ˈteri |
| duro | čʰoˈpʰeri |
| ejote | tʰaˈ¢ʰɨni amˈpe |
| elote | tiˈryapu |
| empezar | ˈuntani, ˈwenani (ser el primero) |
| encontrar | iˈšentʰani, ˈkuni |
| enfermo | pʰaˈmenčati |
| enseñar | xoˈɽentani |
| enterrar | xaˈ¢intʰani |
| enviar | aˈšani |
| epazote | ˈkʷa¢itašɨ |
| escarbar | ˈpoɽo¢kuni |
| escoba | ˈpankʷa, kʰaˈɽatakʷa |
| escocer | — |
| escoger | eˈrakuni |
| escondido | ˈxiskakata, šɨˈpakuɽikata |
| ese | inˈte |
| espalda | ˈkopaɽakʷa, ˈpešu |
| espantar | ˈčerani |
| espejo | eˈratitarakʷa |
| espiga | pinˈ¢ɨta (del maíz) |
| espina | čeˈkamikʷa |
| espuma | pʰuˈruata (burbuja) |
| estallar | čaˈrani |
| éste | ˈi |
| estrecho | saˈpiču |
| estrella | ˈxosku |
| excremento | kʷaˈ¢ɨta |
| existir | xaˈɽani |
| exprimir | ¢ɨˈtarani |
| extinguir | waˈɽini (morir), ˈpatani (apagar) |
| fibra de maguey | ˈpita |
| fierro, metal | ˈtyamu |
| fiesta | ˈkʷʰinčikʷa |
| flecha | ˈpʰitakʷa |
| flor | ˈ¢ɨ¢ɨkʷa |
| frijol | tʰaˈ¢ʰɨni |
| frío | ¢ʰiˈrari |
| frotar | xuˈpanantʰani (fregar), kiˈtiɽini (tallar), kʰeˈroɽini (raspar) |
| fuego | ˈčpʰiri |
| fuerte | wiˈnapiti |
| fumar | iˈ¢utani |
| gallina | ˈ¢ikata |
| gato | miˈ¢itu |
| gente | kʷʰiˈripu |
| golpear | aˈtani, teˈyaɽini, ˈwaɽini |
| gordo | teˈpari, pʰuˈkuri |
| gorgojo | šeˈperi |
| gotear | ¢oˈɽenani |
| grande | ˈkʰerati |
| granizo | šaˈnoata |
| grano (del cuerpo) | uˈšuta |
| grasa (manteca) | taˈmakʷa |
| gritar | xiˈwakuɽini |
| guaje | šuˈrani |
| guajolote | kuˈruku |
| guayaba | eˈnanti |
| gusano | kaˈɽašɨ |
| gustar | ˈ¢ipini, aˈninčʰani |
| hablar | wanˈtani, ˈyoɽini |
| hacer | ˈuni, ˈnyatani |
| hambre | kʰaˈɽimakʷa |
| harina | ¢ɨˈriri |
| hembra | kuˈ¢ɨti |
| hermana (de hombre) | piˈrin¢i |
| hermana (de mujer) | xinˈkonikʷa |
| hermano (de hombre) | erˈmanu, ˈmarkušɨ (pariente) |
| hermano (de mujer) | ˈmimi |
| hervir | puˈruani |
| hielo | yaˈwakʷa |
| hierba | wiˈ¢akʷa |
| hígado | taˈwašɨ |
| hijo | ˈwa¢ɨ, ˈwapʰa |
| hoja | ˈčkuri, šaˈrakata (de elote), ˈkʰani (seca de maíz), šɨˈranta (papel) |
| hollín | taˈɽyata |
| hombre | aˈčati |
| hondo | xaˈwamiti |
| hongo | teˈrekʷa |
| hormiga | šɨˈruki |
| hoy | ˈyašɨ |
| hoyo | poˈɽota |
| huarache | kʷaˈɽači |
| huérfano | xanˈtyakʰu paˈkarani |
| hueso | ˈuni |
| huevo | kʷaˈšanta |
| húmedo | kʷakáni |
| humo | šɨˈrata |
| ídolo | tʰaˈɽešɨ |
| iglesia | ˈtyošɨo |
| iguana | — |
| intestino | ˈkʰupaɽata (estómago), šɨˈtuɽi (estómago, tripa) |
| ir | niˈrani |
| jabón | šaˈpu |
| jarra (cántaro) | kʰaˈmokʷa |
| jicara | uˈɽani |
| jilote | aˈpeenta |
| jitomate | ˈtoma kʷaˈraki |
| jorobado | kaˈnipaɽani |
| jugar | čʰaˈnani |
| labios | penˈčumikʷa |
| ladrar | ˈxwaˈxwa aˈɽani |
| lagartija | ˈ¢aki |
| lamer | kʷeˈnani |
| largo | ˈyotʰi, ˈyoɽati |
| lavar (cuerpo) | xaˈponi, xaˈpoɽikuɽini, kuˈ¢uɽikuɽini, koˈɽoɽini |
| lavar (ropa) | xuˈpani |
| lavar (platos) | xuˈpanantʰani |
| lavar (pelo) | xuˈpa¢hɨni |
| leche | iˈ¢ʰukʷa |
| lechuza | tʰuˈkuru saˈpi |
| lejos | yaˈwani |
| lengua | kʰaˈtʰampa, wanˈtakʷa (palabra) |
| lento | ˈno wiˈnani (no rápido) |
| león | ˈpuki |
| levantar | xaˈwatani, aˈnantini (levantarse), taˈɽatani (alzar), tiˈɽimaɽini (alzar) |
| liebre | aˈwani (conejo) |
| liendres | ˈšunta |
| limpio | amˈpantini |
| liso | piˈ¢hɨntini |
| lodo | aˈ¢ɨmu |
| lugar | aˈnapu (origen) |
| luna | kuˈ¢ɨ, naˈna kuˈku (señora luna) |
| llama | aˈpaɽikʷa |
| llano | ˈtpakʷa |
| llegar | xaˈnoni, ˈnyarani |
| llenar | wiˈnirini |
| llorar | weˈrani |
| lluvia | xaˈnikʷa |
| madre | naˈna, ˈnanti |
| madurar | niˈniri |
| maguey | aˈkampa |
| maíz | ˈ¢iri |
| malo | ˈno amˈpakiti (no bueno) |
| mamar | iˈ¢utani, iˈ¢ukʷa aˈɽani (leche beber) |
| mamey | waˈkušɨ |
| mano | ˈxakʰi |
| mañana | paˈwani |
| mapache | — |
| mar | xaˈpunta ˈkʰeri |
| marido | ˈwampa |
| mariposa | paˈrakata |
| más | ˈsantaru |
| masa | ¢ɨˈriri |
| mascar | šaˈšani |
| matar | ˈwantikuni |
| mazorca | šaˈnini |
| mecapal | meˈkapali |
| medir | ˈ¢ʰeritani |
| mejilla | ˈkanaɽikʷa |
| mentón | kenˈčemikʷa |
| mercado | merˈkadu |
| metate | yaˈwaɽi |
| meter | inˈčarani |
| metlapil | poˈɽekʷa |
| mezcal | iˈšɨkʷa |
| miel | ˈtekʷa |
| milpa | taˈɽeta |
| moco | kʷiˈtirikʷa |
| moho | teˈrekʷa |
| mojarse | kʷʰaˈkaɽini |
| moler | uˈɽuni, ˈšumani (en un mortero) |
| morir | waˈɽini |
| mosca | ˈtinti |
| mosquito | ˈkupo, ¢ɨˈpini, ˈtinti saˈpiɽati (pequeña mosca) |
| mostrar | iˈšerani, šaˈɽatani |
| muchos | ˈwani, ˈwanikʷa, ˈkanikʷa |
| muerto | waˈɽiri |
| mujer | waˈɽiti |
| mundo | paˈɽapʰiniɽu |
| murciélago | waˈšɨšɨ |
| nacer | ˈkamani, anˈta¢inuni |
| nariz | ˈuɽi |
| negro | tuˈɽipiti |
| nido | šeˈrekʷa |
| nieto | niˈmakʷa |
| niño | taˈtaksaˈpiču, saˈpi (pequeño), ˈwa¢saˈpi |
| nixtamal | ˈxapu |
| no | ˈno, ˈašɨ (prohibitivo) |
| noche | ˈčurikʷa |
| noche (media) | teˈrukʰani ˈčurikʷa |
| nombre | aˈɽikuɽikʷa |
| nopal | paˈre |
| nosotros | xuˈča |
| nube | ˈsuma, xaˈnikʷa (y lluvia) |
| nueve | ˈyumu ˈtʰamu / ˈnweve |
| nuevo | ximˈpani |
| occidente | — |
| ocote | kʷʰeˈramu |
| ocho | ˈyumu taˈnimu / ˈočo |
| oír | kuˈɽani |
| ojo | ˈeškʷa |
| oler | šɨˈpiɽuni |
| olote | ˈtʰeni |
| olla | ˈtanikʷa, poˈɽeči, ˈ¢un¢u |
| ombligo | ˈtupu |
| oreja | kuˈ¢ɨkʷa |
| oreja (asa) | kaˈnitʰakʷa |
| oriente | — |
| orinar | yaˈɽa¢ɨni |
| oscuro | ˈpapakantini |
| otra vez | ˈmenteru |
| otro | ˈmateru |
| padre | taˈta, ˈtati |
| pagar | meˈyampini, meˈyamuni |
| pájaro | ˈkʷini |
| palma | ˈpalma |
| pan | kuˈɽinta |
| pantano | ˈomikʷa |
| papel | šɨˈranta |
| parado | aˈnašuɽiti |
| parir | ˈkamani |
| párpado | — |
| pasado mañana | ˈmatiru paˈwani |
| pasar | niˈtamani |
| pecado | peˈkadu |
| pedir | kuˈɽakuni |
| peine | aˈɽu¢ɨtarakʷa, kaˈka¢ɨtarakʷa |
| pelear | waˈɽipini, aˈtapʰerani |
| permanecer | paˈkarani |
| perro | ˈwiču |
| pesado | kʷeˈ¢apiti |
| pescado | kuˈruča |
| petate | ˈkʷirakʷa |
| pichancha (coladera) | ¢aˈɽarakʷa |
| píe | xanˈ¢ɨri |
| piedra | ¢aˈkapu |
| pierna | ¢iˈkatʰakʷa |
| pinole | xaˈpumata |
| piña | ˈpiɲa |
| piojo | amˈpušɨ |
| pitaya | paˈrešitu |
| plantar | xaˈ¢intʰani, iˈkʰarani, ˈxukskani (sembrar) |
| plátano | ˈplatanu |
| pluma | pʰunˈkʷari |
| poco | ˈsani |
| poder | ˈuni, xuˈramukʷa (orden) |
| podrir | teˈreni |
| pollo | piˈpiču |
| preguntar | kuˈɽankuɽini |
| pueblo | iˈrita |
| pueblo (mi) | xuˈči iˈrita |
| pulga | ˈ¢iri |
| pulque | uˈrapi |
| puño | ˈpuɲo |
| pus | iˈwani |
| qué | amˈpe |
| quemar | tiˈšarani, aˈpʰaɽini, kuˈɽini |
| quién | ˈne |
| quince | ˈkinse |
| quitar | eˈwani |
| raíz | šɨrˈankʷa |
| rama | aˈšantikʷa, šaˈɽyantikʷa |
| rana | kʷaˈnašɨ |
| rata | xeˈyaki |
| ratón | xeˈyaki |
| rayo | piˈritakʷa |
| red | ˈo¢ekʷa (para pájaro), waˈɽukʷa (para pescar) |
| regresar | kʷʰanˈkaskuni (devolver), ˈnyantʰani (a un lugar), xonˈkʷani (a un lugar) |
| reír | teˈrekuɽini, teˈresamaruni (burlarse) |
| relampaguear | ˈpiritani |
| reunirse | ˈtanani |
| reventar | kaˈ¢ikuni, čaˈrani |
| revolver | xeˈwetani, ˈyetani |
| río | yoˈɽekʷa |
| robar | šɨˈpani |
| rociar | iˈ¢akuni, tʰeˈpani, iˈ¢ɨ aˈtaɽini |
| rodilla | xuˈɽinčkʷa |
| rojo | čaˈɽapiti |
| romper (rasgar) | ¢aˈpantuɽini, kaˈrukuni |
| romper (reventar) | kaˈ¢ikuni, čaˈrani |
| romper (quebrar) | kʷaˈɽakuni, kaˈkani |
| ropa | šuˈkupaɽakʷa, taˈkušɨ |
| saber | xoˈɽenani, ˈmitini |
| sabroso | ˈašpiti |
| sacerdote | ˈtata |
| sacudir | waˈratani, kʷiˈki¢intani (una mesa) |
| sal | iˈtʰukʷa |
| saliva | kʷeˈčenta |
| saltamontes | ˈčočo |
| sangre | yuɽiri |
| secar | kʰaɽirani |
| seis | ˈkʷimu |
| semilla | ˈšeni, ¢ɨˈkipu |
| senos | iˈ¢ʰukʷa, teˈrunini (pecho) |
| sentado | waˈšakatini |
| sentarse | waˈšakani |
| señor | aˈčati, aˈčamašɨ |
| sesenta | seˈsentʰa |
| sobar | xeˈyaɽini |
| sol | xuˈɽyata |
| soplar | pʰuˈnitani |
| suave | kʷaˈtapiti |
| subir | kaˈɽani |
| sucio | ˈxašɨti, ˈxini |
| sueño | kʷʰikʷa, kʷʰinčakʷa (tener...) |
| sufrir | pʰaˈmerani |
| tarde | ˈyontakʷa, šaˈtini, inˈčatiru, ˈtekʰamatiru (la) |
| tejer | teˈpeni, waˈɽukuni, šɨˈrikuni (coser) |
| tejón | aˈma¢ɨ |
| tela | taˈkušɨ |
| temazcal | — |
| temblar (persona) | maˈnarani, ¢iˈrikuɽini |
| temblor | xinˈčekʷa |
| temer | ˈčeni |
| tenate | kʷaˈtašɨ paˈtamuri |
| tener | xaˈ¢ini |
| tentar | ˈpʰaɽini |
| tierno | pʰuˈčuri |
| tierra | iˈčeri, iˈɽašɨ (tierra blanca) |
| tigre | ˈpuki |
| tlacuache | uˈkʰuri |
| tocar | ˈpʰakuni (algo), ˈkuštani (un instrumento), aˈɽiranani (música), ˈwamukuni (la campana) |
| todos | ˈyamintu |
| torcer (un hueso) | maˈ¢hɨkuni, eˈkʷʰakuni |
| tortilla | iˈčuskuta |
| tos | ˈxukʷa |
| trabajo | anˈčikuɽikʷa |
| tragar | kuˈnakʰani |
| tranquilo | ˈpinantini |
| trementina | šuˈnanta |
| tres | taˈnimu |
| triste | ˈmiskuɽiti |
| trueno | čaˈrakʷa |
| tú | ˈtʰu |
| tuna | ˈpare |
| uno | ˈma |
| uña | ˈtekʰi |
| vaciar | ˈmontani |
| valiente | ¢iˈweriti |
| vapor | ˈswanta |
| veinte | eˈkʷa¢i |
| venado | aˈšuni |
| vender | ˈin¢pikuɽini, aˈtʰarantʰani |
| venir | xuˈɽani |
| ver | iˈšeni, eˈrani |
| verde | šuˈnapiti |
| vestirse | šuˈkupaɽantʰani |
| viejo | xaˈtiri, tʰaɽepiti (hombre), kuˈ¢ɨmiti (mujer) |
| vivo | ˈ¢ipiti |
| volar | ˈkarani |
| voz | wanˈtakʷa |
| yerno | taˈɽampa, taˈɽaskʷa |
| yo | ˈxi |
| zanate | — |
| zapote | uˈɽuata |
| zopilote | kuˈɽi¢e |
| zorrillo | kʷʰiˈ¢iki |
| zorro | kʷʰiˈ¢iki ˈkʰeri |