en-

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English

Alternative forms

  • em- (before certain consonants, principally b or p)
  • el- (before certain consonants, principally l)

Etymology

    From Middle English en- (en-, in-). Originally from Old French en- (also an-), from Latin in- (in, into); but also from an alteration of in-, from Middle English in-, from Old English in- (in, into), from Proto-Germanic *in (in). Both the Latin and the Germanic forms are from Proto-Indo-European *en (in, into). Intensive use of Old French en-, an- is due to confluence with Frankish *an- and *in- (intensive prefixes), related to Old English on- and in- (intensive prefixes). More at in-, on-.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ɛn-/, /ɪn-/, /ən-/

    Prefix

    en-

    1. Forms a transitive verb whose meaning is to make the attached adjective
      1. in, into
        embathe, enquire, enlist
      2. on, onto
        embark, enplane, enthrone
      3. covered by
        enclothe, embalm, enseam
    2. to become
      enslave, embetter, engloom
    3. provide with
      empower
    4. an intensifier
      entangle, enwisen, enhamper

    Usage notes

    Synonyms

    Antonyms

    Derived terms

    nouns derived from French (or Anglo-Norman) nouns or expressions using en- or en
    verbs composed from en- + English noun, sometimes with additional verb suffixes as -ate, -en or -ize (to enclose, enter in, provide with)
    verbs composed from en- + English adjective or other word type (meaning: provide with a quality)
    terms derived from foreign (mostly Greek) words using en- or in-

    See also

    References

    Anagrams

    Catalan

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    Inherited from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (in, into); see en.

    Prefix

    en-

    1. en- (all meanings)

    Derived terms

    See also

    Esperanto

    Etymology

    From en, borrowed from French en.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /en/
    • Audio:(file)
    • Rhymes: -en
    • Hyphenation: en

    Prefix

    en-

    1. in- (in, within, inside)
      La libro enhavas tridek ĉapitrojn.The book contains/includes thirty chapters.
      La ĉambro entenis kvardek personojn.The room contained forty people.
    2. in to (into)
      en- + ‎gluti → ‎engluti
      en- + ‎skribi → ‎enskribi
      en- + ‎blovi → ‎enblovi
      en- + ‎brako + ‎-igi → ‎enbrakigi
      en- + ‎vico + ‎-igi → ‎envicigi
      en- + ‎kaso + ‎-igi → ‎enkasigi
      en- + ‎tero + ‎-igi → ‎enterigi
      en- + ‎loĝi + ‎-iĝi → ‎enloĝiĝi
      en- + ‎ŝipo + ‎-iĝi → ‎enŝipiĝi
      en- + ‎dormi + ‎-iĝi → ‎endormiĝi

    Derived terms

    See also

    References

    French

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    Inherited from Old French en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (in, into); see en.

    Pronunciation

    Prefix

    en-

    1. en- (all meanings)
    2. away, from, off, reversal
      enfuir, enlever, emporter, envoler
      Note: compare s'en aller

    Derived terms

    See also

    Galician

    Alternative forms

    • em- (before b or p)

    Etymology

      From Old Galician-Portuguese en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (in, into); compare en.

      Prefix

      en-

      1. en-, in-

      Derived terms

      From

      .

      See also

      Ido

      Etymology

      Prefix form of en (in).

      Pronunciation

      Prefix

      en-

      1. prefix indicating in
        en- + ‎irar (to go) → ‎enirar (to go in; enter)
        en- + ‎swichar (to switch) → ‎enswichar (to switch on)

      Derived terms

      Ladino

      Alternative forms

      • em- (before b or p)

      Etymology

      From Old Spanish en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of in (in, into).

      Prefix

      en-

      1. en-

      Derived terms

      Middle English

      Alternative forms

      Etymology

        Borrowed from Old French en-, from Latin in-.

        Pronunciation

        Prefix

        en-

        1. Forms words, usually verbs, meaning "in", "on", or "around"; en-.
        2. Intensifies words, usually verbs; en-.

        Usage notes

        • Sometimes used interchangeably with in-; see that entry for more.

        Derived terms

        Descendants

        • English: en- (in-)

        References

        Mohawk

        Prefix

        en-

        1. future tense prefix

        References

        • Gunther Michelson (1973) A thousand words of Mohawk, University of Ottawa Press, page 5

        Norman

        Etymology

        From Old French en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (in, into); see en.

        Prefix

        en-

        1. en- (all meanings)

        Derived terms

        See also

        Northern Ndebele

        Etymology

        (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

        Prefix

        en-

        1. Class 9 adjective concord.

        Usage notes

        The variant form em- is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (b, f, m, p, v).

        Occitan

        Alternative forms

        Etymology

        From Old Occitan en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (in, into); see en.

        Prefix

        en-

        1. en- (all meanings)

        Derived terms

        See also

        Old French

        Alternative forms

        Etymology

          From Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (in, into). Influenced by Frankish *an- (intensive prefix), related to Old English on- (intensive prefix).

          Prefix

          en-

          1. en- (in; into)
          2. en- (intensifier)

          Derived terms

          See also

          Old Galician-Portuguese

          Etymology

            From Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (in, into).

            Prefix

            en-

            1. en-

            Descendants

            Old Saxon

            Etymology

            From ēn (one).

            Prefix

            ēn-

            1. one, uni-, only
              ēnkunni (only, unique)
            2. sole, single, solitary

            Portuguese

            Alternative forms

            • em- (before b or p)
            • e- (before m or n)

            Etymology

              From Old Galician-Portuguese en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (in, into); compare em.

              Prefix

              en-

              1. en- (all meanings)

              Derived terms

              See also

              Spanish

              Alternative forms

              • em- (before b or p)

              Etymology

              Inherited from Old Spanish en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (in, into); see en.

              Prefix

              en-

              1. en- (all meanings) (clarification of this definition is needed)

              Derived terms

              See also

              Further reading

              Tocharian A

              Etymology

              Related to Tocharian B en-, either borrowed into or from Tocharian A. Of uncertain origin, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European, cognate with Ancient Greek αἶνος (aînos, story, tale).

              Verb

              en-

              1. to instruct, teach
              2. to punish

              Tocharian B

              Etymology

              Related to Tocharian A en-, either borrowed into or from Tocharian B. Of uncertain origin, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European, cognate with Ancient Greek αἶνος (aînos, story, tale).

              Verb

              en-

              1. to instruct, teach
              2. to punish

              Derived terms

              Further reading

              • Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “en-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 87

              Welsh

              Alternative forms

              Pronunciation

              Prefix

              en-

              1. affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word
                en- + ‎mawr (big) → ‎enfawr (huge)
                en- + ‎pyd (danger) → ‎enbyd (dangerous, exceeding, pressing)

              Derived terms

              Mutation

              Mutated forms of en-
              radical soft nasal h-prothesis
              en- unchanged unchanged hen-

              Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
              All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

              References

              R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “en-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

              Xhosa

              Etymology

              (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

              Prefix

              en-

              1. Class 9 adjective concord.

              Usage notes

              The variant form em- is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (b, f, m, p, v).

              Zulu

              Etymology

              From a- (relative) +‎ n- (class 9 basic noun prefix).

              Prefix

              ḗn-

              1. Class 9 adjective concord.

              Usage notes

              The variant form em- is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (b, f, m, p, v).

              References