en-

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "en"

English

Alternative forms

  • em- (before certain consonants, principally the labials b and p)

Etymology

From Middle English en- (“en-, in-”). Originally from Old French en- (also an-), from Latin in- (“in, into”); but also from an alteration of in-, from Middle English in-, from Old English in- (“in, into”), from Proto-Germanic *in (“in”). Both the Latin and the Germanic forms are from Proto-Indo-European *en (“in, into”). Intensive use of Old French en-, an- is due to confluence with Frankish *an- (intensive prefix), related to Old English on- (intensive prefix). More at in-, on-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɛn-/, /ɪn-/, /ən-/

Prefix

en-

  1. Forms a transitive verb whose meaning is to make the attached adjective
    2. in, into
      embathe, enquire, enlist
    4. on, onto
      embark, enplane, enthrone
    6. covered by
      enclothe, embalm, enseam
  3. to become
    enslave, embetter, engloom
  5. provide with
    empower
  7. an intensifier
    entangle, enwisen, enhamper

Usage notes

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

English terms prefixed with en-
verbs derived from French (or Anglo-Norman) verbs or expressions using en- or en
nouns derived from French (or Anglo-Norman) nouns or expressions using en- or en
verbs composed from en- + English verb (meaning: to include, apply)
verbs composed from en- + English noun, sometimes with additional verb suffixes as -ate, -en or -ize (“to enclose, enter in, provide with”)
verbs composed from en- + English adjective or other word type (meaning: provide with a quality)
terms derived from foreign (mostly Greek) words using en- or in-

See also

References

Anagrams

Catalan

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.

Prefix

en-

  1. en- (all meanings)

Derived terms

Catalan terms prefixed with en-

Related terms

See also

French

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Old French en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɑ̃/
  • Audio(file)

Prefix

en-

  1. en- (all meanings)

Derived terms

French terms prefixed with en-

Related terms

See also

Galician

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.

Prefix

en-

  1. en-, in-

Derived terms

From

Galician terms prefixed with en-

.

Related terms

See also

Ido

Etymology

Prefix form of en (“in”).

Pronunciation

Prefix

en-

  1. prefix indicating in
    ‎en- + ‎irar (“to go”) → ‎enirar (“to go in; enter”)
    ‎en- + ‎swichar (“to switch”) → ‎enswichar (“to switch on”)

Derived terms

Ido terms prefixed with en-

Ladino

Alternative forms

  • em- (before b or p)

Etymology

From Old Spanish en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of in (“in, into”).

Prefix

en-

  1. en-

Derived terms

Ladino terms prefixed with en-

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French en-, from Latin in-.

Pronunciation

Prefix

en-

  1. Forms words, usually verbs, meaning "in", "on", or "around"; en-.
  2. Intensifies words, usually verbs; en-.

Usage notes

  • Sometimes used interchangeably with in-; see that entry for more.

Derived terms

Middle English terms prefixed with en-

Descendants

  • English: en- (in-)

References

Mohawk

Prefix

en-

  1. future tense prefix

References

  • Gunther Michelson (1973) A thousand words of Mohawk, University of Ottawa Press, page 5

Norman

Etymology

From Old French en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.

Prefix

en-

  1. en- (all meanings)

Derived terms

Norman terms prefixed with en-

Related terms

See also

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

en-

  1. Class 9 adjective concord.

Usage notes

The variant form em- is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (b, f, m, p, v).

Occitan

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Occitan en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.

Prefix

en-

  1. en- (all meanings)

Derived terms

Occitan terms prefixed with en-

Related terms

See also

Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”). Influenced by Frankish *an- (intensive prefix), related to Old English on- (intensive prefix).

Prefix

en-

  1. en- (in; into)
  2. en- (intensifier)

Derived terms

Old French terms prefixed with en-

Related terms

See also

Old Saxon

Etymology

From ēn (“one”).

Prefix

ēn-

  1. one, uni-, only
    ēnkunni (“only, unique”)
  2. sole, single, solitary

Portuguese

Alternative forms

  • em- (before p or b), e- (before m or n)

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see em.

Prefix

en-

  1. en- (all meanings)

Derived terms

Portuguese terms prefixed with en-

Related terms

See also

Spanish

Alternative forms

  • em- (before b or p)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.

Prefix

en-

  1. en- (all meanings) (clarification of this definition is needed)

Derived terms

Spanish terms prefixed with en-

Related terms

See also

Further reading

Tocharian A

Etymology

Related to Tocharian B en-, either borrowed into or from Tocharian A. Of uncertain origin, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European, cognate with Ancient Greek αἶνος (aînos, “story, tale”).

Verb

en-

  1. to instruct, teach
  2. to punish

Tocharian B

Etymology

Related to Tocharian A en-, either borrowed into or from Tocharian B. Of uncertain origin, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European, cognate with Ancient Greek αἶνος (aînos, “story, tale”).

Verb

en-

  1. to instruct, teach
  2. to punish

Derived terms

Further reading

  • Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “en-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 87

Welsh

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Prefix

en-

  1. affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word
    ‎en- + ‎mawr (“big”) → ‎enfawr (“huge”)
    ‎en- + ‎pyd (“danger”) → ‎enbyd (“dangerous, exceeding, pressing”)

Derived terms

Welsh terms prefixed with en-

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
en- unchanged unchanged hen-
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “en-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

en-

  1. Class 9 adjective concord.

Usage notes

The variant form em- is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (b, f, m, p, v).

Zulu

Etymology

From a- (“relative”) +‎ n- (“class 9 basic noun prefix”).

Prefix

ḗn-

  1. Class 9 adjective concord.

Usage notes

The variant form em- is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (b, f, m, p, v).

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia