This appendix is broken into sections corresponding to the ten columns of the gojūon kana ordering system. There a total of 667 words. The frequency of the word is compiled from here.
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 会う | あう | to meet; to encounter; to see to have an accident; to have a bad experience | 311 |
| 青 | あお | blue; azure green green light (traffic) | 3923 |
| 青い | あおい | blue; azure green pale (facial color); gray; grey | 1797 |
| 赤 | あか | red; crimson; scarlet red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange) Red (i.e. communist) | 2068 |
| 赤い | あかい | red; crimson; scarlet; vermilion Red; communist | 1308 |
| 明るい | あかるい | light; bright; well-lit; well-lighted bright (colour) cheerful; bright; spirited; sunny (e.g. disposition) | 978 |
| 秋 | あき | autumn; fall | 977 |
| 空く | あく | to open (e.g. doors) to open (e.g. business, etc.) to be empty | 2082 |
| 開く | あく | to open (e.g. doors) to open (e.g. business, etc.) to be empty | 2558 |
| 明く | あく | to open (e.g. doors) to open (e.g. business, etc.) to be empty | 4912 |
| 開ける | あける | to make (a hole); to open up (a hole) to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to unlock to open (for business, etc.) | 646 |
| 明ける | あける | to make (a hole); to open up (a hole) to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to unlock to open (for business, etc.) | 4709 |
| 上げる | あげる | to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to develop (talent, skill); to improve to make (a loud sound); to raise (one's voice) to earn (something desirable) | 225 |
| 朝 | あさ | morning breakfast | 378 |
| 朝ご飯 | あさごはん | breakfast | N/A |
| 明後日 | あさって | day after tomorrow wrong (e.g. direction) | N/A |
| 足 | あし | foot; paw; arm (of an octopus, squid, etc.) leg gait | 427 |
| 明日 | あした | tomorrow near future | 1008 |
| 彼処 | あそこ | there; over there; that place; yonder; you-know-where genitals; private parts; nether regions that far; that much; that point | 1320 |
| 遊ぶ | あそぶ | to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to have a good time to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.) to be idle; to do nothing; to be unused | 396 |
| 温かい | あたたかい | warm; mild; (pleasantly) hot considerate; kind; genial warm (of a colour); mellow | 1194 |
| 暖かい | あたたかい | warm; mild; (pleasantly) hot considerate; kind; genial warm (of a colour); mellow | N/A |
| 頭 | あたま | pair head hair (on one's head) | 323 |
| 新しい | あたらしい | new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date; modern | 308 |
| 彼方 | あちら | that way; that direction; over there; yonder that (one) that person | 2711 |
| 暑い | あつい | hot; warm; sultry; heated passionate; impassioned; burning (desire, etc.) on everybody's mind; on the radar; du jour; interested (gaze, etc.) | 1388 |
| 熱い | あつい | hot (to the touch) passionate (feelings, etc.); ardent; hot (e.g. gaze) hot (e.g. temper) | 1722 |
| 厚い | あつい | thick; deep; heavy kind; cordial; hospitable; warm; faithful serious (of an illness) | 3290 |
| 後 | あと | behind; rear after; later remainder; the rest | 83 |
| 貴方 | あなた | you dear; honey | 226 |
| 兄 | あに | older brother; elder brother brother-in-law (spouse's older brother or older sister's husband) | 1134 |
| 姉 | あね | older sister; elder sister Ane | 1399 |
| 彼の | あの | that; those | 247 |
| あの | say; well; um; er | 21 | |
| アパート | apartment building; apartment block; apartment house apartment | 1983 | |
| 浴びる | あびる | to dash over oneself (e.g. water); to take (e.g. shower); to bask in (e.g. the sun); to bathe in; to be flooded with (e.g. light); to be covered in to suffer (e.g. an attack); to draw (e.g. criticism, attention, praise); to have heaped upon; to be showered with | 2288 |
| 危ない | あぶない | dangerous; risky; hazardous; perilous; precarious in danger; in jeopardy; critical; grave; at risk uncertain; unreliable; insecure; unsteady; doubtful | 2083 |
| 甘い | あまい | sweet-tasting; sweet; sugary; sugared fragrant (smelling); sweet (music) lightly salted; light in salt; not spicy | 1366 |
| 余り | あまり | remainder; remnant; rest; balance; surplus; remains (of a meal); leftovers (not) very; (not) much too much; excessively; overly | 153 |
| 雨 | あめ | rain rainy day; rainy weather the November suit (in hanafuda) | 753 |
| 飴 | あめ | (hard) candy; toffee rice-sugar; sugar made from the starch of rice, potatoes, etc. amber; yellowish-brown | N/A |
| 洗う | あらう | to wash; to cleanse; to rinse to inquire into; to investigate to purify (one's heart) | 1229 |
| 有る | ある | to be; to exist; to live to have to be located | 249 |
| 歩く | あるく | to walk | 292 |
| 彼 | あれ | that; that thing that person then; that time | N/A |
| いいえ | no you're welcome; not at all; don't mention it | 3852 | |
| 言う | いう | to say; to utter; to declare to name; to call to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise | 19 |
| 家 | いえ | house; residence; dwelling family; household lineage; family name | 3558 |
| 行く | いく | to continue ...; to go on ...; to (progress) steadily; to gradually ...; to progressively ... to have an orgasm; to come; to cum to trip; to get high; to have a drug-induced hallucination | 48 |
| 幾つ | いくつ | how many how old | 640 |
| 幾ら | いくら | how much something over; and something; -odd however (much); no matter how | 659 |
| 池 | いけ | pond | 2638 |
| 医者 | いしゃ | doctor; physician | 973 |
| 椅子 | いす | chair; seat; stool; bench post; position; seat; office | 1440 |
| 忙しい | いそがしい | busy; occupied; hectic restless; hurried; fidgety | 1163 |
| 痛い | いたい | painful; sore cringy; embarrassing | 776 |
| 一 | いち | one; 1 best first; foremost | 144 |
| 一日 | いちにち | one day all day (long); the whole day; from morning till night first day of the month | 514 |
| 一番 | いちばん | number one; first; first place best; most game; round; bout | 147 |
| 一緒 | いっしょ | (doing) together one lump; one mixture; the same category the same; identical | 222 |
| 何時 | いつ | when; at what time; how soon normal times; ordinary days | 174 |
| ５日 | いつか | 5th day of the month five days Itsuka | 2386 |
| 五つ | いつつ | five five years of age eight o'clock (old time system) | 2934 |
| 何時も | いつも | always; all the time; at all times never usual; regular; habitual; customary | N/A |
| 犬 | いぬ | dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris) squealer; rat; snitch; informer; informant; spy loser; asshole | 390 |
| 今 | いま | now; the present time; just now; soon; immediately another; more | 69 |
| 意味 | いみ | meaning; significance; sense | 201 |
| 妹 | いもうと | younger sister | 1375 |
| 嫌 | いや | disliking; not wanting; unwilling (to do); reluctant unpleasant; disagreeable; nasty; horrible; disgusting; undesirable; unwelcome no!; quit it!; stop! | 501 |
| 入り口 | いりぐち | entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth | 2043 |
| 居る | いる | to be (of animate objects); to exist to stay to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing | 79 |
| 要る | いる | to be needed; to be necessary; to be required; to be wanted; to need; to want | 1208 |
| 入れる | いれる | to put in; to let in; to take in; to bring in; to insert; to install (e.g. software); to set (a jewel, etc.); to ink in (e.g. tattoo) to admit; to accept; to employ; to hire to accept; to comply; to grant; to adopt (a policy, etc.); to take (advice, etc.); to listen to; to pay attention to | 164 |
| 色 | いろ | kind; type; variety colour; color; hue; tint; tinge; shade complexion; skin colour; skin color | 531 |
| 色々 | いろいろ | various; a variety of; all sorts of; many (different) variously; in various ways; in many ways various things; this and that | 143 |
| 上 | うえ | since ...; now that ...; because ... honorable; venerable; dear emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo | 171 |
| 後ろ | うしろ | back; behind; rear | 871 |
| 薄い | うすい | thin (of an object) pale; light; faint watery; thin; diluted | 1301 |
| 歌 | うた | song; singing classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka) modern poetry | 645 |
| 歌う | うたう | to sing to sing of (love, beauty, etc.) in a poem; to express in the form of a poem; to recite (a poem) | 638 |
| 生まれる | うまれる | to be born | 364 |
| 海 | うみ | sea; ocean; waters | 414 |
| 売る | うる | to sell to betray; to sell out (one's friend, country, etc.) to make (oneself) known; to establish (a reputation) for oneself | 538 |
| 煩い | うるさい | noisy; loud annoying; troublesome; tiresome; persistent; importunate fussy; finicky; picky; particular; nagging; fastidious; bossy | 2170 |
| 上着 | うわぎ | coat; jacket; outerwear top; upper-body garment | N/A |
| 絵 | え | picture; drawing; painting; sketch image (TV, film, etc.); picture; footage | 593 |
| 映画 | えいが | movie; film; motion picture | 503 |
| 映画館 | えいがかん | movie theatre; movie theater; cinema | 3235 |
| 英語 | えいご | English (language) | 439 |
| ええ | yes; that is correct; right um; errr; well huh? | 18 | |
| 駅 | えき | railway station; train station staging post on a highway (in pre-modern Japan) counter for railway stations and bus stations | 500 |
| エレベーター | elevator; lift elevator | 3973 | |
| 鉛筆 | えんぴつ | pencil | 3791 |
| 美味しい | おいしい | good(-tasting); nice; delicious; tasty attractive (offer, opportunity, etc.); appealing; convenient; favorable; desirable; profitable | 345 |
| 多い | おおい | many; numerous; a lot large amount of; large quantity of; a lot; much frequent; common | 124 |
| 大きい | おおきい | big; large; great loud extensive; spacious | 220 |
| 大きな | おおきな | big; large; great | 213 |
| 大勢 | おおぜい | crowd of people; great number of people in great numbers | 1990 |
| お母さん | おかあさん | mother; mom; mum; ma wife you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); she; her | N/A |
| お菓子 | おかし | confections; sweets; candy; cake | 1435 |
| お金 | おかね | money | N/A |
| 起きる | おきる | to get up; to rise; to blaze up (fire) to wake up; to be awake; to stay awake to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen; to take place | 498 |
| 置く | おく | to leave something in a certain state; to keep something in a certain state to put; to place to leave (behind) | 276 |
| 奥さん | おくさん | wife; your wife; his wife; married lady; madam | 1562 |
| お酒 | おさけ | alcohol; sake | N/A |
| お皿 | おさら | plate; dish | N/A |
| 教える | おしえる | to teach; to instruct to tell; to inform; to show to preach | 267 |
| 押す | おす | to fall behind schedule to push; to thrust; to shove to press (down); to push (e.g. a button); to exert pressure on | 950 |
| 遅い | おそい | slow late too late | 1025 |
| お茶 | おちゃ | tea (esp. green or barley) tea break (at work) tea ceremony | N/A |
| お手洗い | おてあらい | toilet; restroom; lavatory; bathroom | N/A |
| お父さん | おとうさん | father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy; dada husband you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); he; him | 777 |
| 弟 | おとうと | younger brother; little brother; kid brother brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband) pupil; apprentice | 1368 |
| 男 | おとこ | man; male fellow; guy; chap; bloke male lover; boyfriend; man | 293 |
| 男の子 | おとこのこ | boy; son; baby boy young man | 1234 |
| 一昨日 | おととい | day before yesterday | N/A |
| 一昨年 | おととし | year before last | N/A |
| 大人 | おとな | adult; grown-up | 700 |
| お腹 | おなか | belly; abdomen; stomach | 1020 |
| 同じ | おなじ | same; identical; equal; alike; equivalent anyway; in any case; if one must ...; if one has to ...; as long as ... | 149 |
| お兄さん | おにいさん | older brother; elder brother young man; buddy; fella; laddie | N/A |
| お姉さん | おねえさん | older sister; elder sister young lady miss | 2412 |
| お祖母さん | おばあさん | grandmother old woman; female senior citizen | 877 |
| 伯母さん | おばさん | aunt | N/A |
| お風呂 | おふろ | bath | N/A |
| お弁当 | おべんとう | bento; Japanese box lunch | N/A |
| 覚える | おぼえる | to memorize; to memorise; to commit to memory; to learn by heart; to bear in mind; to remember to learn; to pick up; to acquire to feel | 358 |
| お巡りさん | おまわりさん | police officer | N/A |
| 重い | おもい | heavy; weighty heavy (feeling); depressed; gloomy; blue; uneasy slow; sluggish; lumbering; ponderous; clumsy | 1154 |
| 思う | おもう | to think; to consider; to believe to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want | 34 |
| 面白い | おもしろい | interesting; fascinating; intriguing; enthralling amusing; funny; comical enjoyable; fun; entertaining; pleasant; agreeable | 383 |
| 泳ぐ | およぐ | to swim to struggle through (a crowd) to make one's way through the world; to get along (in life) | 1989 |
| 下りる | おりる | to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to come down to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to disembark; to dismount to step down; to retire; to give up; to quit; to fold | 759 |
| 降りる | おりる | to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to come down to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to disembark; to dismount to step down; to retire; to give up; to quit; to fold | N/A |
| 終わる | おわる | to end; to come to an end; to finish; to close; to be over to finish; to complete; to conclude to finish doing | 200 |
| 音楽 | おんがく | music | 494 |
| 女 | おんな | woman; female female lover; girlfriend; mistress; (someone's) woman | 399 |
| 女の子 | おんなのこ | girl; daughter; baby girl young woman | 682 |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 会社 | かいしゃ | company; corporation; firm one's workplace | 240 |
| 階段 | かいだん | stairs; stairway; staircase | 1627 |
| 買い物 | かいもの | shopping; purchased goods | 1236 |
| 買う | かう | to buy; to purchase to value (highly); to think highly of; to have a high opinion of; to appreciate; to recognize to incur (someone's anger, displeasure, etc.); to elicit (e.g. sneers); to invite (e.g. scorn); to evoke; to arouse; to win (someone's favour) | 192 |
| 返す | かえす | to return (something); to restore; to put back to turn over; to turn upside down; to overturn to pay back; to retaliate; to reciprocate | 1295 |
| 帰る | かえる | to return; to come home; to go home; to go back to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.) to get home; to get to home plate | N/A |
| 掛かる | かかる | to be fastened to be covered (e.g. with dust, a table-cloth, etc.) to be caught in | 212 |
| 鍵 | かぎ | key lock key (to a problem, success, etc.); clue | 2031 |
| 書く | かく | to write; to compose; to pen to draw; to paint | 163 |
| 掛ける | かける | to secure (e.g. lock) to take a seat; to sit; to rest (something on something else); to support (something on something else) to bind | 199 |
| 傘 | かさ | umbrella; parasol something shaped like an umbrella or a conical hat; shade (of a lamp); mushroom cap; pileus | 4276 |
| 貸す | かす | to lend; to loan to rent out; to hire out to hand (over); to give | 2080 |
| 風 | かぜ | wind; breeze; draught; draft manner; behaviour; behavior cold; influenza | 910 |
| 風邪 | かぜ | (common) cold; influenza; flu; ague; inflammatory respiratory system illness (in general) | 1993 |
| 家族 | かぞく | family | 347 |
| 方 | かた | direction; way person; lady; gentleman method of; manner of; way of | 159 |
| カップ | cup (drinking vessel, measure, brassiere, prize, etc.) | 4425 | |
| 家庭 | かてい | home; household; family; hearth | 805 |
| 角 | かど | corner; edge (street) corner; turning rough edges (of one's character, words, etc.); abrasiveness; harshness; sharpness | 4015 |
| 鞄 | かばん | bag; satchel; briefcase; basket | 4284 |
| 花瓶 | かびん | (flower) vase | N/A |
| 紙 | かみ | paper | 1374 |
| カメラ | camera | 1755 | |
| 火曜日 | かようび | Tuesday | N/A |
| 辛い | からい | spicy; hot salty harsh (criticism); severe (punishment); strict | N/A |
| 体 | からだ | body torso; trunk build; physique; frame; figure | 286 |
| 借りる | かりる | to borrow to rent; to hire to make use of (another's help, wisdom, etc.); to obtain; to receive | 932 |
| 軽い | かるい | light (i.e. not heavy); feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving easily) light (i.e. of foot); effortless; nimble; agile non-serious; minor; unimportant; trivial | 806 |
| カレンダー | calendar calender (machine for flattening things) | N/A | |
| カレー | curry (esp. Japanese curry) rice and curry | 2469 | |
| 川 | かわ | river; stream River; the ... river Gawa | 784 |
| 可愛い | かわいい | cute; adorable; charming; lovely; pretty dear; precious; darling; pet innocent; childlike; childish; lovable | 691 |
| 漢字 | かんじ | kanji; Chinese character | 2423 |
| 外国 | がいこく | foreign country | 1137 |
| 外国人 | がいこくじん | foreigner; foreign citizen; foreign national; alien; non-Japanese | 2063 |
| 学生 | がくせい | student (esp. a university student) | 909 |
| 学校 | がっこう | school Gakkou | 295 |
| 木 | き | tree; shrub; bush wood; timber wooden clappers (signalling the beginning or end of a performance) | 410 |
| 黄色 | きいろ | yellow; amber | 3257 |
| 黄色い | きいろい | yellow high-pitched (voice); shrill | 3575 |
| 消える | きえる | to disappear; to vanish; to go out of sight; to go away; to become lost to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to turn off (e.g. of a TV screen) to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope) | 1014 |
| 聞く | きく | to hear to listen (e.g. to music) to ask; to enquire; to query | 112 |
| 聴く | きく | to hear to listen (e.g. to music) to ask; to enquire; to query | 112 |
| 北 | きた | north the North; northern territories North Korea | 1594 |
| 汚い | きたない | dirty; filthy; foul; unclean disordered; messy; untidy; poor (e.g. handwriting) indecent (language, etc.); dirty; vulgar; coarse | 1826 |
| 喫茶店 | きっさてん | coffee shop; tearoom; coffee lounge; coffeehouse; cafe | 2995 |
| 切手 | きって | stamp (postage); merchandise certificate | N/A |
| 切符 | きっぷ | ticket | 4162 |
| 昨日 | きのう | yesterday | 758 |
| 今日 | きょう | today; this day these days; recently; nowadays | 1764 |
| 教室 | きょうしつ | classroom; lecture room department (in a university) class; lessons; course | 1700 |
| 兄弟 | きょうだい | siblings; brothers and sisters brothers siblings-in-law; brothers-in-law; sisters-in-law | 1750 |
| 去年 | きょねん | last year | 1078 |
| 嫌い | きらい | disliked; hated; disagreeable tendency; smack (of); touch (of) distinction; discrimination | 1362 |
| 切る | きる | to shake off (water, etc.); to let drip-dry; to let drain to cross; to traverse to criticize sharply | 428 |
| 着る | きる | to wear (from the shoulders down); to put on to take (the blame, responsibility); to bear | 648 |
| 綺麗 | きれい | pretty; lovely; beautiful; fair clean; clear; pure; tidy; neat completely; entirely | 341 |
| キロ | kilo-; 1000 kilogram; kilogramme kilometre; kilometer | N/A | |
| 瓩 | キログラム | kilogram; kilogramme | N/A |
| 粁 | キロメートル | kilometer; kilometre | N/A |
| 金曜日 | きんようび | Friday | 4187 |
| ギター | guitar | 1987 | |
| 牛肉 | ぎゅうにく | beef | 4847 |
| 牛乳 | ぎゅうにゅう | (cow's) milk | 1977 |
| 銀行 | ぎんこう | bank; banking institution | 1082 |
| 薬 | くすり | medicine; pharmaceuticals; (legal) drugs; pill; ointment; salve efficacious chemical (gunpowder, pesticide, etc.) (pottery) glaze | 1017 |
| 下さい | ください | please (give me) please (do for me) | N/A |
| 果物 | くだもの | fruit | 2786 |
| 口 | くち | kind; sort; type opening (i.e. beginning) counter for mouthfuls, shares (of money), stove burners, and swords | 442 |
| 靴 | くつ | shoe; shoes; boots; footwear; footgear | 1933 |
| 靴下 | くつした | socks; sock; stockings; stocking | N/A |
| 国 | くに | country; state region national government; central government | 224 |
| 曇り | くもり | cloudiness; cloudy weather fog (on a mirror, glasses, etc.); cloud (e.g. in marble); blur; mist; shadow; dimness gloom; dejection | N/A |
| 曇る | くもる | to get cloudy; to cloud over; to become overcast to cloud up; to fog up; to mist up; to become dim to be gloomy; to be clouded (expression); to be downcast | N/A |
| 暗い | くらい | dark; gloomy; murky depressed; dispirited; down in the dumps; dark (mood) dark (in colour); dull | 1145 |
| クラス | class Kras (Slovenia); Crass | 1262 | |
| 来る | くる | to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive to come back; to do ... and come back to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue | 64 |
| 車 | くるま | car; automobile; vehicle wheel; castor; caster | 283 |
| 黒 | くろ | black black stone guilt; guilty person | 1410 |
| 黒い | くろい | black dark; blackish; sun-tanned (skin) suspicious; criminal; illicit | 1352 |
| 瓦 | グラム | gram; gramme | N/A |
| 警官 | けいかん | police officer; policeman; constable | N/A |
| 今朝 | けさ | this morning | 2834 |
| 消す | けす | to erase; to rub out; to rub off; to cross out; to delete to turn off (a light, TV, heater, etc.); to switch off to extinguish (a fire, candle, etc.); to put out | 1794 |
| 結構 | けっこう | splendid; nice; wonderful; delightful; lovely; excellent; fine sufficient; satisfactory; enough; fine; all right; OK not needing (any more of something); (already) having enough; fine (as in "I'm fine"); no, thank you | 166 |
| 結婚 | けっこん | marriage | 489 |
| 月曜日 | げつようび | Monday | 4476 |
| 玄関 | げんかん | entrance; front door; entryway; entranceway; entry hall; vestibule; porch; foyer; mud room | 1950 |
| 元気 | げんき | lively; full of spirit; energetic; vigorous; vital; spirited healthy; well; fit; in good health | 736 |
| 公園 | こうえん | (public) park | 1011 |
| 交差点 | こうさてん | crossing; intersection | N/A |
| 紅茶 | こうちゃ | black tea | 2598 |
| 交番 | こうばん | police box; koban; small neighborhood police station alternation alternating (current, stress, etc.) | N/A |
| 声 | こえ | voice singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); hoot voice; opinion (as expressed in words); view; wish; attitude; will | 279 |
| 此処 | ここ | here; this place this point; here; now these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ... | N/A |
| ９日 | ここのか | 9th day of the month nine days Kokonoka | 2960 |
| 九つ | ここのつ | nine nine years of age twelve o'clock (old time system) | N/A |
| 答える | こたえる | to answer; to reply | 555 |
| 此方 | こちら | this way; this direction here this (one) | 1969 |
| 洋杯 | コップ | glass (drinking vessel); tumbler cups (suit) | N/A |
| 今年 | ことし | this year | 515 |
| 言葉 | ことば | language; dialect word; phrase; expression; term speech; (manner of) speaking; (use of) language | 188 |
| 子供 | こども | child; children | 128 |
| 此の | この | this last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this you (as in "you liar") | 46 |
| コピー | copy; photocopy book jacket blurb (advertising) slogan | 2212 | |
| 困る | こまる | to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be in a fix; to be at a loss; to be stumped; to be embarrassed to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be annoyed to be badly off; to be hard up; to be in straitened circumstances | 569 |
| 此れ | これ | this; this one this person now; this point (in time) | 51 |
| 今月 | こんげつ | this month | 3487 |
| 今週 | こんしゅう | this week | 4464 |
| こんな | this sort of; this kind of; like this; such | 218 | |
| 今日 | こんにち | today; this day these days; recently; nowadays | 263 |
| 今晩 | こんばん | tonight; this evening | N/A |
| コート | coat coating | 3171 | |
| 珈琲 | コーヒー | coffee | 1641 |
| 五 | ご | five; 5 | 436 |
| 午後 | ごご | afternoon; p.m. | 564 |
| 午前 | ごぜん | morning; a.m. | 879 |
| ご飯 | ごはん | cooked rice meal | 919 |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| さあ | come (on); come now; come along; here all right; right; okay; now; here goes well; hmm; uh; let's see; I'm not sure | 1573 | |
| 財布 | さいふ | wallet; purse; coin purse; billfold; pocketbook | 3890 |
| 魚 | さかな | fish | 660 |
| 先 | さき | point; tip; end; nozzle head (of a line); front first; before; ahead (of) | 298 |
| 咲く | さく | to bloom; to flower; to blossom; to open to rise up (of breaking waves) | 1386 |
| 作文 | さくぶん | writing (an essay, prose, etc.); composition formal writing with little real meaning | N/A |
| 差す | さす | to insert one's arm under an opponent's arm to pole (a boat) to pour; to add (liquid); to serve (drinks) | 825 |
| 砂糖 | さとう | sugar | 1510 |
| 寒い | さむい | cold (e.g. weather) uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull; weak; corny | 943 |
| 再来年 | さらいねん | year after next | N/A |
| 三 | さん | three; 3 | 207 |
| 散歩 | さんぽ | walk; stroll | 1350 |
| 雑誌 | ざっし | magazine; journal; periodical | 838 |
| 四 | し | four; 4 | 319 |
| 塩 | しお | salt; common salt; table salt; sodium chloride hardship; toil; trouble saltiness | 1241 |
| 然し | しかし | however; but | 162 |
| 仕事 | しごと | work; job; labor; labour; business; task; assignment; occupation; employment work | 152 |
| 静か | しずか | quiet; silent slow; unhurried calm; peaceful | 1139 |
| 下 | した | below; down; under; younger (e.g. daughter) bottom beneath; underneath | 387 |
| 七 | しち | seven | 796 |
| 質問 | しつもん | question; inquiry; enquiry | 506 |
| 死ぬ | しぬ | to die; to pass away to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to look dead to cease; to stop | 402 |
| 閉まる | しまる | to be shut; to close; to be closed to be firm (of a body, face, etc.); to be well-knit to be locked | N/A |
| 締める | しめる | to tie; to fasten; to tighten to wear (necktie, belt); to put on to total; to sum | 1673 |
| 閉める | しめる | to close; to shut | N/A |
| 写真 | しゃしん | photograph; photo; picture; photography moving picture; movie | 431 |
| シャツ | shirt (undergarment); undershirt; singlet shirt (outerwear; usu. with collar and buttons) | 3837 | |
| シャワー | shower | 3446 | |
| 宿題 | しゅくだい | homework; assignment pending issue; unresolved problem; open question | 4120 |
| 醤油 | しょうゆ | soy sauce; soya sauce; shoyu | 3058 |
| 食堂 | しょくどう | dining room; dining hall; cafeteria; canteen; messroom restaurant; eatery; snack bar; diner | 3981 |
| 知る | しる | to know; to be aware (of); to be conscious (of); to learn (of); to find out; to discover to sense; to feel; to notice; to realize to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to appreciate | 134 |
| 白 | しろ | white innocence; innocent person blank space | 1456 |
| 白い | しろい | white | 783 |
| 新聞 | しんぶん | newspaper | 643 |
| 時間 | じかん | time hour period; class; lesson | 183 |
| 辞書 | じしょ | dictionary; lexicon letter of resignation | 3697 |
| 自転車 | じてんしゃ | bicycle; bike | 782 |
| 自動車 | じどうしゃ | car; automobile; motorcar; motor vehicle; auto | 1753 |
| 字引 | じびき | dictionary | N/A |
| 自分 | じぶん | myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself I; me you | 72 |
| じゃあ | then; well; so; well then | 352 | |
| 十 | じゅう | ten; 10 ten years of age book containing a collection of poems | 1094 |
| 授業 | じゅぎょう | lesson; class; teaching; instruction; classwork; schoolwork | 812 |
| 上手 | じょうず | skillful; skilled; proficient; good (at); adept; clever flattery | 1659 |
| 丈夫 | じょうぶ | healthy; robust; strong; solid; durable | 3469 |
| 水曜日 | すいようび | Wednesday | N/A |
| 吸う | すう | to smoke; to breathe in; to inhale to suck; to sip; to slurp to absorb; to soak up | 1053 |
| スカート | skirt | 4027 | |
| 好き | すき | liking; being fond of; to one's liking; to one's taste; preferred; favourite liking (romantically); being in love with; beloved faddism; eccentricity | 196 |
| 少ない | すくない | few; little; small (amount); low; scarce; insufficient; seldom; rare | 355 |
| 直ぐに | すぐに | immediately; right away; at once; instantly | N/A |
| 少し | すこし | a little; a bit; a small amount; a few; some; slightly; somewhat a little while; a short time; a moment; a minute a little way; a short distance | 190 |
| 涼しい | すずしい | cool; refreshing clear (e.g. eyes); bright clear; distinct | 4515 |
| ストーブ | (room) heater; stove | N/A | |
| スプーン | spoon | N/A | |
| スポーツ | sport; sports | 1044 | |
| 住む | すむ | to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide | 214 |
| スリッパ | slipper; slippers | N/A | |
| 為る | する | to do; to carry out; to perform to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into) to pass (of time); to elapse to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B to transform A to B; to make A into B; to exchange A for B | 22 |
| 座る | すわる | to sit; to squat to assume (a position) to hold steady; to hold still | 713 |
| 洋袴 | ズボン | trousers; pants | 4702 |
| 背 | せ | back reverse; rear side; back (e.g. of a chair); spine (of a book) height; stature | 1766 |
| 生徒 | せいと | pupil; student; schoolchild | 980 |
| 石鹸 | せっけん | soap | N/A |
| 背広 | せびろ | business suit | N/A |
| 狭い | せまい | narrow; confined; small; cramped limited; narrow-minded; confining | 1101 |
| 千 | せん | thousand; 1,000 | N/A |
| 先月 | せんげつ | last month | N/A |
| 先週 | せんしゅう | last week; the week before | 4440 |
| 先生 | せんせい | teacher; instructor; master sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc. intimate or teasing form of address | 243 |
| 洗濯 | せんたく | washing; laundry relaxation; rejuvenation; melting away (of worries, fatigue, etc.) | 3630 |
| セーター | sweater; jumper | N/A | |
| 全部 | ぜんぶ | all; entire; whole; altogether | 338 |
| 然うして | そうして | and; like that | N/A |
| 掃除 | そうじ | cleaning; sweeping; dusting; scrubbing | 1876 |
| 其処 | そこ | there (place relatively near listener) there (place just mentioned); that place then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised) | 103 |
| 而して | そして | and; and then; thus; and now; and finally | 113 |
| 其方 | そちら | that way; that direction there that (one) | 893 |
| 外 | そと | outside; exterior the open (air) other place; somewhere else; outside one's group (family, company, etc.) | 496 |
| 其の | その | that; the part (as in "part two") um ...; er ...; uh ... | 30 |
| 側 | そば | near; close; beside; vicinity; proximity; besides; while third person | 956 |
| 空 | そら | sky; the air; the heavens weather far-off place; distant place | 1006 |
| 其れ | それ | that; it then; that point (in time); that time there | 44 |
| それから | and then; after that | 136 | |
| それでは | well, ...; right, ...; now, ... so; then that way (would mean ...); if that is the case; in that case | 1166 |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 大使館 | たいしかん | embassy | N/A |
| 大切 | たいせつ | important; significant; serious; crucial precious; valuable; dear; cherished; beloved careful | 426 |
| 大変 | たいへん | very; greatly; terribly; awfully immense; enormous; great serious; grave; dreadful; terrible | 238 |
| 高い | たかい | high; tall expensive; high-priced high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.) | 228 |
| 沢山 | たくさん | a lot; lots; plenty; many; a large number; much; a great deal; a good deal enough; sufficient enough; too many; too much | 257 |
| タクシー | taxi | 1997 | |
| 立つ | たつ | to take action; to act; to rise (up); to rouse oneself to have an erection; to become erect (e.g. of nipples) to be established (of a policy, plan, objective, etc.); to be formed | 342 |
| 縦 | たて | the vertical; height front-to-back; length north-to-south | 3377 |
| 建物 | たてもの | building | 842 |
| 楽しい | たのしい | enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful | 277 |
| 頼む | たのむ | to request; to beg; to ask to call; to order; to reserve to entrust to | 888 |
| 煙草 | タバコ | tobacco; cigarette; cigar tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum) Tabaco | 870 |
| 多分 | たぶん | probably; likely; perhaps; maybe a lot of; much; many; considerable; large (amount); generous | 320 |
| 食べ物 | たべもの | food | 931 |
| 食べる | たべる | to eat to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on | 160 |
| 卵 | たまご | eggs; egg; spawn; roe (hen's) egg a ... in the making; future (lawyer, doctor, etc.); budding ... | 1369 |
| 誕生日 | たんじょうび | birthday | 3018 |
| 大学 | だいがく | university; college former imperial university of Japan (established under the ritsuryō system for the training of government administrators) the Great Learning (one of the Four Books) | 375 |
| 大丈夫 | だいじょうぶ | safe; secure; sound; problem-free; without fear; all right; alright; OK; okay certainly; surely; undoubtedly no thanks; I'm good; that's alright | 626 |
| 大好き | だいすき | liking very much; loving (something or someone); adoring; being very fond of | 885 |
| 台所 | だいどころ | kitchen financial situation; finances | 2970 |
| 出す | だす | to take out; to get out to put out; to reveal; to show to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in | 178 |
| 誰 | だれ | who | 217 |
| 誰か | だれか | someone; somebody | N/A |
| 段々 | だんだん | gradually; by degrees; little by little; more and more; increasingly steps; stairs; staircase; terrace | 433 |
| 小さい | ちいさい | small; little; tiny slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); minor; small low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice) | 314 |
| 小さな | ちいさな | small; little; tiny | 481 |
| 近い | ちかい | near; close; short (distance) close (in time); soon close (relationship); friendly; intimate | 488 |
| 近く | ちかく | near; neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to shortly; soon | 420 |
| 地下鉄 | ちかてつ | subway; metro; underground (railway) | 2658 |
| 違う | ちがう | to differ (from); to be different; to be distinct; to be unlike; to vary; to disagree (with) to be wrong; to be incorrect; to be mistaken to become abnormal; to go wrong | 186 |
| 地図 | ちず | map; atlas; chart; plan | 2138 |
| 茶色 | ちゃいろ | brown; light brown; tawny | N/A |
| 茶碗 | ちゃわん | rice bowl; tea cup; teacup | N/A |
| 丁度 | ちょうど | exactly; precisely; just; right; opportunely; fortunately just (like); as if; as though | 373 |
| 一寸 | ちょっと | a little; a bit; slightly just a minute; for a moment; briefly somewhat; rather; fairly; pretty; quite | 85 |
| １日 | ついたち | first day of the month Tsuitachi | 1161 |
| 使う | つかう | to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume | 119 |
| 疲れる | つかれる | to get tired; to tire; to get fatigued; to become exhausted; to grow weary to become worn out (of a well-used object) to starve | 1063 |
| 次 | つぎ | next; following; subsequent stage; station | 165 |
| 着く | つく | to arrive at; to reach to sit on; to sit at (e.g. the table) | 680 |
| 机 | つくえ | desk | 2201 |
| 作る | つくる | to fabricate (an excuse, etc.) to give a (false) appearance; to feign (a smile, etc.); to put on a show of emotion to form (a line, etc.) | 110 |
| 付ける | つける | to load; to give (courage to) to keep (an eye on) to establish (relations or understanding) | 204 |
| 勤める | つとめる | to work (for); to be employed (at); to serve (in) to serve (as); to act (as); to fill (the position of); to play the role (of) to conduct a religious service | 1052 |
| 詰らない | つまらない | dull; uninteresting; boring; tedious insignificant; unimportant; trifling; trivial; worthless absurd; foolish; silly; stupid | N/A |
| 冷たい | つめたい | cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; freezing (emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling; indifferent; unfriendly; distant | 1546 |
| 強い | つよい | strong; potent; competent; domineering; tough strong; brawny; powerful; healthy; rugged good (at); skilled; knowledgeable | 288 |
| 手 | て | ability to cope hand (of cards) direction | 194 |
| 手紙 | てがみ | letter; note | 797 |
| テスト | test (of ability, knowledge, etc.); exam; examination; quiz test (of performance, quality, etc.); trial rehearsal | 2224 | |
| テレビ | television; TV TV program; TV programme; TV broadcast | 408 | |
| 天気 | てんき | weather fair weather; fine weather | 2160 |
| テーブル | table | 1733 | |
| テープ | tape | 2702 | |
| テープレコーダー | tape recorder | N/A | |
| 出かける | でかける | to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to start; to set out to be about to leave; to be just going out | 798 |
| 出来る | できる | to get pregnant to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do) to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable | 80 |
| 出口 | でぐち | exit; way out outlet; vent | N/A |
| では | then; well; so; well then bye then at; in; by; with; using | 769 | |
| デパート | department store department | 2137 | |
| でも | but; however; though; nevertheless; still; yet; even so; also; as well even however; no matter how; even if; even though | 140 | |
| 出る | でる | to exceed; to go over to stick out; to protrude to break out; to occur; to start; to originate | 99 |
| 電気 | でんき | electricity (electric) light | 1898 |
| 電車 | でんしゃ | train; electric train | 676 |
| 電話 | でんわ | telephone call; phone call telephone (device); phone | 324 |
| 戸 | と | door (esp. Japanese-style) shutter; window shutter entrance (to a home) | N/A |
| トイレ | toilet; restroom; bathroom; lavatory going to the toilet; relieving oneself | 1219 | |
| 遠い | とおい | far; distant; far away; a long way off; in the distance distant (past); remote (in time); remote; far-removed (in time) distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone) | 1167 |
| １０日 | とおか | 10th day of the month ten days Tooka | 2008 |
| 時々 | ときどき | sometimes; occasionally; at times; from time to time; now and then; once in a while; at intervals seasonal; of the season; appropriate (for the season or occasion) | 1109 |
| 時計 | とけい | clock; watch; timepiece | 2452 |
| 所 | ところ | about to; on the verge of was just doing; was in the process of doing; have just done; just finished doing approximately; around; about | 71 |
| 年 | とし | year age; years past one's prime; old age | 470 |
| 図書館 | としょかん | library | 1932 |
| 迚も | とても | very; awfully; exceedingly (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot) | 142 |
| 隣 | となり | next (to); adjoining; adjacent house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour; next-door neighbor | 786 |
| 飛ぶ | とぶ | to be missing (of a page, stitch, etc.); to skip; to jump (e.g. of a conversation) to fly; to soar to jump; to leap; to spring; to bound; to hop | 836 |
| 止まる | とまる | to stop (moving); to come to a stop to stop (doing, working, being supplied); to come to a halt; to cease; to be stopped; to be suspended to alight; to perch on | 846 |
| 友達 | ともだち | friend; companion | 219 |
| 鳥 | とり | bird bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry | 1209 |
| 取る | とる | to secure; to reserve; to save; to put aside; to keep to take (e.g. a joke); to interpret; to understand; to make out; to grasp to record; to take down | 132 |
| 撮る | とる | to take (a photograph) to record (audio or video); to film; to shoot | N/A |
| ドア | door | 1150 | |
| 如何 | どう | how; in what way; how about | N/A |
| 如何して | どうして | how; in what way; by what means why; for what reason; for what purpose; what for cannot possibly | 637 |
| どうぞ | please; kindly; pray; I beg (of you) by all means; certainly; of course; (go) ahead; (feel) free (to); (you are) welcome (to); please (help yourself to) here you are | 1793 | |
| 動物 | どうぶつ | animal | 709 |
| どうも | thank you; thanks much (thanks); very (sorry); quite (regret) quite; really; mostly | N/A | |
| 何処 | どこ | where; what place how much (long, far); what extent | 181 |
| 何方 | どちら | which way; which direction; where which one (esp. of two alternatives) who | 2543 |
| 何方 | どなた | who | 2854 |
| 何の | どの | which; what (way) | 328 |
| 土曜日 | どようび | Saturday | 2384 |
| 何れ | どれ | which (of three or more) well; now; c'mon | 663 |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| ナイフ | knife | 1405 | |
| 中 | なか | inside; interior among; within middle; center; centre | 78 |
| 長い | ながい | long (distance, length) long (time); protracted; prolonged | 325 |
| 鳴く | なく | to make sound (of an animal); to call; to cry; to whine; to sing; to chirp to make a meld call (e.g. pung, kong) | 3284 |
| 無くす | なくす | to lose (something) to get rid of; to eliminate; to remove; to eradicate; to abolish | 1807 |
| 何故 | なぜ | why; how; for what reason | 272 |
| 夏 | なつ | summer | 544 |
| 夏休み | なつやすみ | summer vacation; summer holiday | 2017 |
| 等 | など | et cetera; etc.; and the like; and so forth or something the likes of | N/A |
| 七つ | ななつ | seven seven years of age four o'clock (old time system) | N/A |
| 何 | なに | what you-know-what; that thing whatsit; whachamacallit; what's-his-name; what's-her-name | 40 |
| ７日 | なのか | 7th day of the month seven days | 2703 |
| 名前 | なまえ | name given name; first name | 337 |
| 習う | ならう | to take lessons in; to be taught; to learn (from a teacher); to study (under a teacher); to get training in | 1245 |
| 並ぶ | ならぶ | to line up; to stand in a line to rival; to match; to equal | 863 |
| 並べる | ならべる | to line up; to set up; to arrange in a line to enumerate; to itemize to be equal (to); to compare well (with); to be as good (as) | 1683 |
| 成る | なる | to be promoted to do ... Naru | 28 |
| 二 | に | two; 2 | 148 |
| 賑やか | にぎやか | bustling; busy; crowded; lively; prosperous; thriving lively (party, voices, etc.); loud; noisy; merry; cheerful | 3769 |
| 肉 | にく | flesh meat flesh (of a fruit); pulp | 1263 |
| 西 | にし | west | 2038 |
| ２０歳 | にじゅうさい | 20 years old twenty | 4888 |
| 日曜日 | にちようび | Sunday | 1748 |
| 荷物 | にもつ | luggage; baggage; package burden payload (of a packet, cell, etc.) | 1312 |
| ニュース | news | 729 | |
| 庭 | にわ | garden; yard; courtyard field (of action); area | 1296 |
| 脱ぐ | ぬぐ | to take off (clothes, shoes, etc.); to undress | 3138 |
| 温い | ぬるい | lukewarm; tepid lenient | N/A |
| ネクタイ | tie; necktie | N/A | |
| 猫 | ねこ | cat (esp. the domestic cat, Felis catus) shamisen geisha | 603 |
| 寝る | ねる | to sleep (lying down) to go to bed; to lie in bed to lie down | 438 |
| 上る | のぼる | to ascend; to go up; to climb to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise to go to (the capital) | 607 |
| 飲み物 | のみもの | drink; beverage | 3851 |
| 飲む | のむ | to drink; to swallow; to take (medicine) to smoke (tobacco) to swallow up; to engulf | 307 |
| 乗る | のる | to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to board; to take; to embark to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to jump on; to sit on; to mount to reach; to go over; to pass | 232 |
| ノート | notebook; copy-book; exercise book note; noting down (musical) note | 2781 |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 歯 | は | tooth; teeth tooth (of a comb, saw, etc.); cog support (of a geta) | 1503 |
| はい | yes; that is correct understood; I see; OK; okay present; here | N/A | |
| 灰皿 | はいざら | ashtray | N/A |
| 入る | はいる | to form (of a crack, fissure, etc.); to develop to be put in (of effort, spirit, feeling, etc.); to be applied (e.g. of strength) to be ready (of tea, coffee, etc.); to be made | 109 |
| 葉書 | はがき | postcard memo; note; card | 3262 |
| 箱 | はこ | box; case; chest; package; pack; crate car (of a train, etc.) shamisen case; shamisen | 1981 |
| 橋 | はし | bridge | 2308 |
| 箸 | はし | chopsticks | 4324 |
| 走る | はしる | to run to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to travel; to move; to sail to rush (to); to dash; to race | 429 |
| 始まる | はじまる | to begin; to start; to commence to happen (again); to begin (anew) to date (from); to originate (in) | 401 |
| 始め | はじめ | beginning; start; outset; opening first (in line, etc.) origin | 1372 |
| 初めて | はじめて | for the first time only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; not until ... do you ... first time; (one's) first | 284 |
| ２０歳 | はたち | 20 years old twenty | 4926 |
| 働く | はたらく | to work; to labor; to labour to function; to operate; to be effective; to work (i.e. ... works); to come into play to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate; to do; to act; to practise; to practice | 418 |
| 八 | はち | eight; 8 | 930 |
| ２０日 | はつか | 20th day of the month 20 days | 2365 |
| 花 | はな | flower; blossom; bloom; petal cherry blossom beauty | 471 |
| 鼻 | はな | nose | 1635 |
| 話 | はなし | talk; speech; chat; conversation topic; subject discussions; negotiation; argument | 116 |
| 話す | はなす | to talk; to speak; to converse; to chat to tell; to explain; to narrate; to mention; to describe; to discuss to speak (a language) | 195 |
| 早い | はやい | fast; quick; rapid; swift; speedy; brisk; prompt early; soon; earlier than usual premature; too soon; too early | 310 |
| 春 | はる | spring; springtime New Year prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); heyday | 940 |
| 張る | はる | to become one tile away from completion to span; to generate to stick; to paste; to affix | 918 |
| 晴れ | はれ | clear weather; fine weather formal; ceremonial; public cleared of suspicion | N/A |
| 晴れる | はれる | to clear up; to clear away; to be sunny; to stop raining to refresh (e.g. spirits) to be cleared (e.g. of a suspicion) | 2977 |
| 半 | はん | half; semi-; partial half-past odd number | N/A |
| ハンカチ | handkerchief | N/A | |
| 半分 | はんぶん | half | 971 |
| バス | bus Bath (Britain); Basse; Buss | 818 | |
| バター | butter | 2499 | |
| 晩 | ばん | evening; night dinner; evening meal counter for nights | 2570 |
| 番号 | ばんごう | number; series of digits | 3148 |
| 晩御飯 | ばんごはん | dinner; evening meal | N/A |
| パン | bread; (sweet) pastry staff of life; one's bread | 1261 | |
| パーティー | party (social gathering) party (group of people participating in an activity, esp. mountain climbing) (political) party | 3407 | |
| 東 | ひがし | east | 2220 |
| 引く | ひく | to subtract; to deduct to recede; to ebb; to fade to be descend from; to inherit (a characteristic) | 576 |
| 弾く | ひく | to play (a stringed or keyboard instrument) | 1425 |
| 低い | ひくい | low (rank, degree, value, content, quality, etc.) low (position); close to the ground short (height) | 733 |
| 飛行機 | ひこうき | airplane; aeroplane; plane; aircraft | 876 |
| 左 | ひだり | left; left-hand side left hand the left (wing); leftist | 1230 |
| 人 | ひと | person; someone; somebody human beings; mankind; man; people; humans human (Homo sapiens) | 58 |
| 一つ | ひとつ | one for one thing only | 127 |
| 一月 | ひとつき | one month | 858 |
| 一人 | ひとり | one person being alone; being by oneself being single; being unmarried | 179 |
| 暇 | ひま | spare time; free time; leisure time (it takes to do something); time required time off; leave; vacation; holiday | 1487 |
| 百 | ひゃく | hundred; 100 Hyaku | 2798 |
| 昼 | ひる | noon; midday daytime lunch | 1305 |
| 昼ご飯 | ひるごはん | lunch; midday meal | N/A |
| 広い | ひろい | spacious; vast; wide | 602 |
| 病院 | びょういん | hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary | 469 |
| 病気 | びょうき | illness (usu. excluding minor ailments, e.g. common cold); disease; sickness bad habit; bad behaviour; weakness; failing crazy; insane; disturbed; sick in the head | 559 |
| フィルム | film | 4341 | |
| 封筒 | ふうとう | envelope | N/A |
| フォーク | fork forkball | N/A | |
| 服 | ふく | clothes (esp. Western clothes); clothing; dress; costume; suit; outfit counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, puffs of a cigarette, etc. | 1370 |
| 吹く | ふく | to blow (of the wind) to blow (one's breath); to breathe out; to blow on (hot tea, candles, etc.); to puff to play (a wind instrument); to blow (a whistle, trumpet, etc.); to whistle (a tune) | 1763 |
| 二つ | ふたつ | two | 434 |
| 二人 | ふたり | two persons; two people; pair; couple | 245 |
| ２日 | ふつか | 2nd day of the month two days Futsuka | 1523 |
| 太い | ふとい | fat; thick deep (of a voice); thick; sonorous daring; shameless; brazen; audacious | 2557 |
| 冬 | ふゆ | winter | 790 |
| 降る | ふる | to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down to form (of frost) to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in | 1112 |
| 古い | ふるい | old; aged; ancient; antiquated; antique; timeworn long; since long ago; time-honored of the distant past; long-ago | 720 |
| 風呂 | ふろ | bath; bathing; bathtub; bathroom bathhouse; public bath room for drying lacquerware | 1430 |
| 豚肉 | ぶたにく | pork | 4736 |
| 文章 | ぶんしょう | writing; composition; essay; article; passage; prose; (writing) style sentence | 1274 |
| プール | (swimming) pool pool (cue sport) pooling (money, resources, etc.) | 2618 | |
| 下手 | へた | unskillful; poor; awkward imprudent; untactful | 2033 |
| 部屋 | へや | room; chamber apartment; flat; pad stable | 372 |
| 辺 | へん | area; vicinity; region side; edge circumstances | 577 |
| ベッド | bed | 1504 | |
| 勉強 | べんきょう | study diligence; working hard experience; lesson (for the future) | 385 |
| 便利 | べんり | convenient; handy; useful | 763 |
| ペット | pet trumpet | 2100 | |
| ＰＥＴ (ＰＥＴ) | ペット | polyethylene terephthalate; PET positron emission tomography; PET | N/A |
| ペン | pen | N/A | |
| 頁 | ページ | page nth page; page ... | 2197 |
| 他 | ほか | another place; some other place; somewhere else; outside another (person or thing); other; different; something else; someone else; the rest; et al. beyond (one's expectations, imagination, etc.); outside | 173 |
| 欲しい | ほしい | wanting (to have); desiring; wishing for I want (you, them, etc.) to (do) | 642 |
| 細い | ほそい | thin; slender; fine unlucky | 1589 |
| ホテル | hotel | 617 | |
| 本 | ほん | book; volume; script this; present; current; ... in question; ... at issue main; head; principal | 327 |
| 本棚 | ほんだな | bookshelves; bookshelf; bookcase | N/A |
| 本当 | ほんとう | truth; reality; actuality; fact proper; right; correct; official genuine; authentic; real; natural; veritable | 97 |
| 帽子 | ぼうし | hat; cap | 3185 |
| 釦 | ボタン | button (clothing) push-button; button | 2250 |
| ボールペン | ball-point pen | N/A | |
| ポケット | 2979 | ||
| ポスト | postbox; mailbox; mail box; pillar box post; position post (e.g. goalpost) | 4045 |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 毎朝 | まいあさ | every morning | 3908 |
| 毎週 | まいしゅう | every week | 2933 |
| 毎月 | まいつき | every month; each month; monthly | 2322 |
| 毎年 | まいとし | every year; yearly; annually | 1004 |
| 毎日 | まいにち | every day | 343 |
| 毎晩 | まいばん | every night | N/A |
| 前 | まえ | criminal record; previous conviction; (a) prior in front (of); before (e.g. a building) before; earlier; previously; prior; ago; (minutes) to (the hour) | 123 |
| 不味い | まずい | bad(-tasting); unpalatable; unsavoury; unsavory; awful; terrible; unpleasant poor; unskillful; unskilful; bungling; clumsy ugly; unattractive; homely; plain | 2122 |
| 又 | また | again; once more; once again; another time; some other time also; too; as well; likewise on the other hand; while | 84 |
| 未だ | まだ | still; as yet; only (not) yet more; (more) still | 1120 |
| 町 | まち | town; block; neighbourhood; neighborhood downtown; main street street; road | 225 |
| 真っ直ぐ | まっすぐ | straight (ahead); direct; upright; erect straightforward; honest; frank | 2084 |
| マッチ | match (contest) matching (with); going well (with) | N/A | |
| 燐寸 | マッチ | match (for lighting a fire) | 4509 |
| 待つ | まつ | to wait to await; to look forward to; to anticipate to depend on; to need | 430 |
| 窓 | まど | window | 1147 |
| 丸い | まるい | round; circular; spherical curved; smooth harmonious; calm; peaceful; amiable; amicable | 2173 |
| 万 | まん | 10,000; ten thousand myriad everything; all | N/A |
| 万年筆 | まんねんひつ | fountain pen | N/A |
| 磨く | みがく | to polish; to shine; to burnish; to scour; to scrub; to brush (teeth); to grind (e.g. a lens) to refine (a skill, etc.); to improve; to hone; to polish (up); to cultivate (one's character) | 3039 |
| 右 | みぎ | right; right-hand side right hand the above (in a piece of vertical writing); above-mentioned | 1087 |
| 短い | みじかい | short brief | 1016 |
| 水 | みず | water (esp. cool or cold) fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid flood; floodwaters | 273 |
| 店 | みせ | store; shop; establishment; restaurant | 321 |
| 見せる | みせる | to show; to display to make (something or someone) look ...; to present an appearance of ... to make (something) worth watching; to be entertaining | 513 |
| 道 | みち | road; path; street; lane; passage route; way distance; journey | 452 |
| ３日 | みっか | 3rd day of the month three days Mikka | 1494 |
| 三つ | みっつ | three three years of age | 535 |
| 緑 | みどり | green greenery; verdure | 1099 |
| 皆さん | みなさん | all; everyone; everybody | 339 |
| 南 | みなみ | south | 1333 |
| 耳 | みみ | ear hearing ear (for music, etc.) | 765 |
| 見る | みる | to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe to examine; to look over; to assess; to check; to judge to look after; to attend to; to take care of; to keep an eye on | 67 |
| 皆 | みんな | everyone; everybody; all everything; all | 157 |
| ６日 | むいか | 6th day of the month six days Muika | 2866 |
| 向こう | むこう | opposite side; other side over there; ahead; beyond; (in the) distance; far away; far off destination; there (somewhere distant, esp. abroad) | 604 |
| 難しい | むずかしい | difficult; hard; troublesome; complicated; serious (disease, problem, etc.) impossible; unfeasible fussy; particular; fastidious; hard to please; displeased | 457 |
| 六つ | むっつ | six six years of age six o'clock (old time system) | 4887 |
| 村 | むら | village | 1318 |
| 目 | め | spacing (between crossed strands of a net, mesh, etc.); opening; stitch; texture; weave grain (of wood, paper) eye (of a storm, needle, etc.) | 169 |
| 眼 | め | spacing (between crossed strands of a net, mesh, etc.); opening; stitch; texture; weave grain (of wood, paper) eye (of a storm, needle, etc.) | 169 |
| メガネ | glasses; eyeglasses; spectacles judgment; judgement; discrimination; discernment; insight four-eyes | 2721 | |
| 眼鏡 | めがね | glasses; eyeglasses; spectacles judgment; judgement; discrimination; discernment; insight four-eyes | 2721 |
| 米 | メートル | metre (unit of length); meter meter; gauge | N/A |
| もう | already; yet; by now; now; (not) any more; (not) any longer soon; shortly; before long; presently further; more; again; another; the other | 52 | |
| もう一度 | もういちど | once more; again | N/A |
| 木曜日 | もくようび | Thursday | N/A |
| もっと | (some) more; even more; longer; further | 299 | |
| 持つ | もつ | to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry to possess; to have; to own to maintain; to keep | 98 |
| 物 | もの | really; truly thing; object; article; stuff; substance one's things; possessions; property; belongings | 38 |
| 門 | もん | gate branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master division; phylum | 2850 |
| 問題 | もんだい | question (e.g. on a test); problem problem (e.g. societal, political); question; issue; subject (e.g. of research); case; matter question (i.e. doubt) | 167 |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 八百屋 | やおや | greengrocer; fruit and vegetable shop jack of all trades | N/A |
| 野菜 | やさい | vegetable marijuana; cannabis | 1113 |
| 易しい | やさしい | easy; plain; simple | N/A |
| 安い | やすい | cheap; inexpensive calm; peaceful; quiet | 520 |
| 休み | やすみ | rest; recess; respite vacation; holiday; absence; suspension dormancy (of a silkworm prior to moulting) | 1385 |
| 休む | やすむ | to be absent; to take a day off to rest; to have a break to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep; to turn in; to retire | 1365 |
| 八つ | やっつ | eight eight years of age two o'clock (old time system) | N/A |
| 山 | やま | festival float (esp. one mounted with a decorative halberd) deck (from which players draw cards); draw pile; stock wall; wall tile | 459 |
| 夕方 | ゆうがた | early evening (usu. from 3pm to 6pm); dusk | 1459 |
| 夕飯 | ゆうはん | evening meal; dinner; supper | N/A |
| 郵便局 | ゆうびんきょく | post office | 3533 |
| 昨夜 | ゆうべ | last night; yesterday evening | 4014 |
| 有名 | ゆうめい | famous; well-known | 453 |
| 雪 | ゆき | snow; snowfall | 1092 |
| ゆっくり | slowly; unhurriedly; without haste; leisurely; at one's leisure easily (e.g. in time); well; sufficiently; amply; with time to spare well (e.g. sleep); comfortably | 855 | |
| 良い | よい | good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable sufficient; enough; ready; prepared profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial | 70 |
| ８日 | ようか | 8th day of the month eight days Youka | 2778 |
| 洋服 | ようふく | Western-style clothes (cf. traditional Japanese clothes) | 2176 |
| 良く | よく | nicely; properly; well; skillfully; skilfully frequently; often I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ... | 126 |
| 横 | よこ | horizontal (as opposed to vertical) side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back); width; breadth side (of a box, etc.) | 899 |
| ４日 | よっか | 4th day of the month four days | 2237 |
| 四つ | よっつ | four; 4 four years of age ten o'clock (in the old time system) | 1801 |
| 呼ぶ | よぶ | to call out (to); to call; to invoke to summon (a doctor, etc.) to invite | 290 |
| 読む | よむ | to read to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant to predict; to guess; to forecast; to read (someone's thoughts); to see (e.g. into someone's heart); to divine | 261 |
| より | than rather than; instead of; over; above from; out of; since; at; on (and after) | 726 | |
| 夜 | よる | evening; night dinner | 332 |
| 弱い | よわい | weak; frail; delicate; tender; unskilled; weak (wine) | 1066 |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 来月 | らいげつ | next month | N/A |
| 来週 | らいしゅう | next week | 4993 |
| 来年 | らいねん | next year | 1967 |
| ラジオ | radio | 1674 | |
| ラジカセ | radio-cassette player | N/A | |
| 立派 | りっぱ | splendid; fine; handsome; elegant; imposing; prominent; impressive praiseworthy; creditable; worthy legal; legitimate; lawful | 1417 |
| 留学生 | りゅうがくせい | overseas student; exchange student | N/A |
| 両親 | りょうしん | parents; both parents | 802 |
| 料理 | りょうり | cooking; cookery; cuisine; food; dish dealing with (skillfully); handling (well); managing | 634 |
| 旅行 | りょこう | travel; trip; journey; excursion; tour | 661 |
| 零 | れい | zero; nought | 1864 |
| 冷蔵庫 | れいぞうこ | refrigerator; fridge | 2065 |
| レコード | record (e.g. LP) record (e.g. in sports) record (data structure) | 3429 | |
| レストラン | restaurant (esp. Western-style) | 1746 | |
| 練習 | れんしゅう | practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout | 584 |
| 廊下 | ろうか | corridor; hallway; passageway | 2410 |
| 六 | ろく | six; 6 | 608 |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ｙシャツ | ワイシャツ | (formal) shirt; dress shirt; business shirt; button-up shirt | N/A |
| 若い | わかい | young; youthful immature; green low (number); small | 397 |
| 分かる | わかる | to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized; to be realised; to be found out I know!; I think so too! | 105 |
| 忘れる | わすれる | to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article) | 441 |
| 私 | わたし | I; me | 42 |
| 渡す | わたす | to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to traverse to lay across; to build across to hand over; to hand in; to pass; to give; to transfer | 1413 |
| 渡る | わたる | to cross over; to go across to extend; to cover; to range; to span | 1069 |
| 悪い | わるい | bad; poor; undesirable poor (quality); inferior; insufficient evil; sinful | 230 |
There are no words in this section.