This appendix is broken into sections corresponding to the ten columns of the gojūon kana ordering system. There a total of 1591 words.
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 相変わらず | あいかわらず | as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still |
| アイデア | idea | |
| 曖昧 | あいまい | vague; ambiguous; unclear shady; disreputable fuzzy |
| 扇ぐ | あおぐ | to fan to incite; to instigate |
| 青白い | あおじろい | pale; pallid bluish-white |
| 呆れる | あきれる | to be amazed; to be shocked; to be astonished; to be astounded; to be disgusted; to be exasperated; to be fed up |
| アクセント | accent (on a syllable, word); stress; pitch accent intonation; inflection; cadence (language) accent (e.g. American, British) | |
| 欠伸 | あくび | yawn; yawning kanji "yawning" radical (radical 76) |
| 飽くまで | あくまで | to the end; to the bitter end; to the last; stubbornly; persistently; consistently; to the utmost after all; it must be remembered; only; purely; simply |
| 明け方 | あけがた | dawn; daybreak |
| 憧れる | あこがれる | to long for; to yearn for; to hanker after; to be attracted by; to be drawn to; to aspire to; to admire; to adore |
| 足跡 | あしあと | footprints record of page visitors (e.g. in social networking sites) |
| 味わう | あじわう | to taste; to savor; to savour; to relish to appreciate; to enjoy; to relish; to digest to experience; to go through; to taste (e.g. victory); to know (e.g. pain) |
| 預かる | あずかる | to look after; to take care of; to keep; to hold on to; to keep in custody to be put in charge of; to be given responsibility for; to be entrusted with to withhold (an announcement); to reserve (judgment); to leave undecided |
| 温める | あたためる | to warm (up); to heat (up) to sit on (an idea, plan, etc.); to keep to oneself; to nurse; to mull over to renew (an old friendship) |
| 当たり前 | あたりまえ | natural; reasonable; obvious usual; common; ordinary; commonplace; the norm |
| 圧縮 | あっしゅく | compression condensing; shortening; summarizing compression (of data) |
| 厚かましい | あつかましい | impudent; shameless; brazen; cheeky; presumptuous |
| 当てはまる | あてはまる | to apply (of a rule); to be applicable (of standards, lessons, ideas, etc.); to hold true (e.g. of a description); to fit; to be suitable (e.g. of a word); to meet (requirements); to fulfill (conditions); to come under (a heading) |
| 当てはめる | あてはめる | to apply; to adapt |
| 暴れる | あばれる | to act violently; to rage; to struggle; to be riotous |
| 溢れる | あふれる | to overflow; to brim over; to flood |
| 脂 | あぶら | fat; tallow; lard; grease |
| 炙る | あぶる | to warm (e.g. one's hands over a fire); to dry to toast; to grill; to broil; to roast; to scorch |
| 雨戸 | あまど | sliding storm shutter |
| 甘やかす | あまやかす | to pamper; to spoil |
| 余る | あまる | to remain; to be left over; to be in excess; to be too many |
| 編み物 | あみもの | knitting; knitted material; crochet |
| 編む | あむ | to knit; to plait; to braid to compile (anthology, dictionary, etc.); to edit |
| 危うい | あやうい | dangerous; in danger; facing imminent danger precarious (situation); perilous (state, balance, etc.); in doubt; in jeopardy; uncertain; insecure; concerning; worrying |
| 怪しい | あやしい | suspicious; dubious; questionable; dodgy; shady; fishy doubtful; unsure; uncertain; unlikely; implausible untrustworthy; unreliable; clumsy; awkward; shaky; poor |
| 荒い | あらい | rough; wild; violent; rude; coarse; harsh; fierce; heavy (e.g. breathing) immoderate; extravagant; reckless |
| 粗筋 | あらすじ | outline; summary; argument |
| 争う | あらそう | to compete; to contest; to contend to quarrel; to argue; to dispute; to be at variance; to oppose to deny (e.g. evidence) |
| 改めて | あらためて | another time; again; over again; once again; anew formally; especially; intentionally; deliberately |
| 改める | あらためる | to change; to alter; to revise; to replace to reform; to correct; to mend; to improve to examine; to check; to inspect |
| 著す | あらわす | to write; to publish |
| 有難い | ありがたい | grateful; thankful; welcome; appreciated; evoking gratitude |
| 彼是 | あれこれ | this and that; this or that; one thing or another; this way and that around; about; round about; roughly; nearly; almost |
| 慌ただしい | あわただしい | busy; hectic; hurried; rushed rapid; quick; sudden |
| 慌てる | あわてる | to become confused (disconcerted, disorganized, disorganised); to be flustered; to panic to hurry; to rush; to hasten |
| 安易 | あんい | easy; simple easygoing; lighthearted; simplistic; irresponsible; careless; quick (to do) |
| 案外 | あんがい | unexpectedly; surprisingly unexpected; unanticipated; unforeseen; surprising |
| アンテナ | antenna thing or method used to collect information or opinions | |
| 言い出す | いいだす | to begin to say; to start talking; to broach (a matter); to bring up; to come out with to be the first to say; to suggest (doing); to propose |
| 言いつける | いいつける | to tell (to do); to order; to direct; to instruct to tell (on someone); to report; to snitch to often say; to be used to saying |
| 生き生き | いきいき | in a lively way; vividly; freshly; animatedly; actively; energetically |
| 行き成り | いきなり | abruptly; suddenly; all of a sudden; without warning |
| 意義 | いぎ | meaning; significance |
| 育児 | いくじ | childcare; child-rearing; nursing; upbringing |
| 幾分 | いくぶん | somewhat; to some extent; to some degree some; part; portion |
| 生け花 | いけばな | ikebana; Japanese art of flower arrangement fresh flower; natural flower Seika |
| 以降 | いこう | on and after; from ... onward; since |
| イコール | equal; equivalent equals sign; equality sign equals (as in "A equals B") | |
| 以後 | いご | after this; from now on; hereafter thereafter; since (then); after |
| 勇ましい | いさましい | brave; valiant; gallant; courageous stirring; vigorous; rousing |
| 衣食住 | いしょくじゅう | food, clothing and shelter; necessities of life |
| 意地悪 | いじわる | malicious; ill-tempered; unkind; mean; nasty |
| 一々 | いちいち | one-by-one; separately every single; each and every; without omission; fully; in detail |
| 一応 | いちおう | more or less; though not quite satisfactorily; after a fashion; pretty much; roughly; so far as it goes; technically tentatively; for the time being just in case |
| 一段 | いちだん | even more; still more; much more; further one step; one rung; one level; one grade; one rank one paragraph; one passage |
| 一流 | いちりゅう | first-class; first-rate; top-flight; top-ranking; leading; eminent; top characteristic (of); peculiar (to); unique (to) school (e.g. of flower arrangement) |
| 一昨昨日 | いっさくさくじつ | two days before yesterday; three days back (ago) |
| 一斉 | いっせい | simultaneous; all at once |
| 一旦 | いったん | once for a short time; briefly; temporarily one morning |
| 一定 | いってい | to fix; to settle; to standardize; to regularize constant; definite; uniform; defined; certain; prescribed |
| 行ってまいります | いってまいります | good bye; I'm off; see you later |
| 行ってらっしゃい | いってらっしゃい | have a good day; take care; see you |
| 佚 | いつ | being comfortable; relaxing |
| いつの間にか | いつのまにか | before one knows; before one becomes aware of; unnoticed; unawares |
| 移転 | いてん | moving; relocation; change of address transfer (of deeds, property, etc.); demise |
| 従姉妹 | いとこ | cousin (female) |
| 井戸 | いど | water well |
| 緯度 | いど | latitude |
| 威張る | いばる | to put on airs; to act big; to throw one's weight about; to be overbearing; to be domineering; to be bossy; to be pushy; to be proud; to be haughty; to be arrogant; to swagger; to boast; to brag |
| 嫌がる | いやがる | to appear uncomfortable (with); to seem to hate; to express dislike |
| 愈 | いよいよ | more and more; all the more; increasingly at last; finally; beyond doubt (at the) last moment; worst possible time |
| 炒る | いる | to roast; to parch; to toast; to boil down |
| 入れ物 | いれもの | container; case; receptacle coffin; casket |
| インタビュー | interview (on television, in a newspaper, etc.) | |
| 引力 | いんりょく | attraction (e.g. magnetic, gravitation); affinity; gravitational pull attractiveness; magnetism |
| ウェイトレス | waitress | |
| 植木 | うえき | garden plant; garden tree potted plant |
| 飢える | うえる | to starve; to be famished; to be hungry to be starved of (e.g. love); to be thirsty for (e.g. knowledge); to be hungry for |
| 浮かぶ | うかぶ | to float; to be suspended to rise to the surface; to appear; to emerge; to show up; to loom (up) to come to mind; to have inspiration |
| 浮かべる | うかべる | to float; to set afloat; to launch to show on one's face (smile, sadness, etc.) to recall; to call to mind; to imagine; to think of |
| 浮く | うく | to float to become merry; to be cheerful to become loose; to become unsteady |
| 承る | うけたまわる | to hear; to be told; to know to receive (order); to undertake; to comply; to take (a reservation, etc.) |
| 受け取り | うけとり | receiving; receipt |
| 受け持つ | うけもつ | to take (be in) charge of |
| 薄暗い | うすぐらい | dim; gloomy |
| 薄める | うすめる | to dilute; to water down |
| 打ち合わせ | うちあわせ | (preparatory) meeting; briefing session; (making) advance arrangements overlap (of a coat, etc.) making something match exactly |
| 打ち消す | うちけす | to deny; to contradict to negate (esp. a sound); to drown out |
| うっかり | carelessly; thoughtlessly; inadvertently | |
| 映す | うつす | to project; to reflect; to cast (shadow) |
| 写る | うつる | to be photographed; to be projected |
| 映る | うつる | to be reflected; to harmonize with (harmonise); to come out (photo); to be projected; to be displayed (on a screen) |
| 饂飩 | うどん | udon; thick Japanese wheat noodles |
| 有無 | うむ | existence or nonexistence; presence or absence consent or refusal; yes or no |
| 埋める | うめる | to bury (e.g. in the ground) to fill up (e.g. audience fills a hall); to cause to be packed to plug (a gap); to stop (a gap); to bridge (a difference, a gap); to fill (a seat, a vacant position); to fill out (a form, a sheet) |
| 敬う | うやまう | to show respect for; to revere; to honour; to honor; to worship; to hold in esteem |
| 裏返す | うらがえす | to turn inside out; to turn the other way; to turn (something) over |
| 裏口 | うらぐち | backdoor; rear entrance; rear exit unauthorized; illicit; illegal |
| 占う | うらなう | to tell someone's fortune; to divine (the future) to predict; to forecast |
| 恨み | うらみ | resentment; grudge; malice; bitterness matter for regret; regret |
| 恨む | うらむ | to bear a grudge against; to resent; to blame; to curse; to feel bitter towards |
| 羨ましい | うらやましい | envious; jealous enviable (position, etc.) |
| 羨む | うらやむ | to envy; to be envious of; to be jealous of |
| 売り上げ | うりあげ | amount sold; sales; proceeds; takings; turnover |
| 売り切れ | うりきれ | sold-out |
| 売り切れる | うりきれる | to be sold out |
| 売れ行き | うれゆき | sales; demand |
| うろうろ | restlessly; aimlessly; without purpose to loiter; to drift; to hang about doing nothing; to wander aimlessly; to be restless to be restless; to fuss; to be in a fidget | |
| 運河 | うんが | (navigable) canal; waterway Unga |
| うんと | a great deal; very much; a lot with a great amount of effort | |
| ウーマン | woman Uman (Russia) | |
| ウール | wool Eure (France) | |
| 英文 | えいぶん | English writing; English sentence; English text English literature; English lit |
| 英和 | えいわ | English-Japanese English-Japanese dictionary |
| 液体 | えきたい | liquid |
| エチケット | politeness; good manners; courtesy; etiquette (wine) label | |
| えっと | let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ... | |
| エプロン | apron apron (airport) apron (stage) | |
| 偉い | えらい | great; excellent; admirable; commendable; laudable; honorable; wonderful; outstanding; extraordinary distinguished; important; high-ranking; powerful; eminent; famous awful; terrible; serious; tremendous; great; mighty; severe |
| 宴会 | えんかい | party; banquet; reception; feast; dinner |
| 園芸 | えんげい | horticulture; gardening |
| 演劇 | えんげき | drama; theatre; theater; play |
| 円周 | えんしゅう | circumference |
| 遠足 | えんそく | school trip; field trip; excursion; outing long walk; excursion (on foot) |
| 延長 | えんちょう | extension; elongation; prolongation; lengthening (total) length extension (e.g. of one's work); continuation |
| 煙突 | えんとつ | chimney; smokestack; funnel (of a ship); stovepipe carrying a passenger without turning on the taximeter |
| 追いかける | おいかける | to chase; to run after; to pursue subsequently; following that; (and) then |
| 追い越す | おいこす | to pass (e.g. car); to overtake to surpass; to outstrip; to get ahead of; to outdistance |
| オイル | oil; petroleum oil; lubricant; grease (cooking) oil | |
| 応援 | おうえん | aid; assistance; help; support; reinforcement cheering; rooting (for); support |
| 王女 | おうじょ | princess |
| 応ずる | おうずる | to answer; to respond; to meet to satisfy; to accept |
| 応接 | おうせつ | reception (e.g. of visitors); dealing with |
| 応対 | おうたい | dealing with (people, customers, complaints, etc.); receiving (callers, visitors, etc.); attending to; handling; serving |
| 往復 | おうふく | making a round trip; going and returning; coming and going round-trip ticket; return ticket correspondence; exchanging (of letters) |
| 欧米 | おうべい | Europe and the United States; Europe and America; the West Europe & America |
| 大雑把 | おおざっぱ | rough (estimate, summary, etc.); broad; general; sweeping; loose careless (e.g. work); sloppy; crude |
| 大通り | おおどおり | main street; avenue; boulevard Oodoori |
| 大凡 | おおよそ | about; roughly; approximately generally; on the whole; as a rule completely; quite; entirely; altogether; totally; not at all (with neg. verb) |
| お帰り | おかえり | return welcome home |
| お掛け下さい | おかけください | please sit down; please have a seat |
| お陰様で | おかげさまで | thankfully; fortunately; luckily; by God's grace; under the gods' shadow thanks to your (his, their, everyone's, etc.) kindness; thanks to your assistance; thanks to your support; thanks to your efforts |
| お菜 | おかず | small dish (usu. one of several accompanying rice); side dish fill; fill-in (drumming) jack-off material; something to masturbate to |
| お代わり | おかわり | another helping; second helping; seconds; refill other paw! |
| 拝む | おがむ | to assume the posture of praying; to press the palms and fingers of both hands together; to do reverence (e.g. before a statue of the Buddha); to pay one's respects to beg; to make a supplication to see (something or someone of high status) |
| お気の毒に | おきのどくに | my sympathies; that's too bad; my condolences |
| 補う | おぎなう | to supplement; to make up for; to compensate for; to cover (a shortage, loss, etc.); to fill (e.g. a vacancy) |
| 屋外 | おくがい | outdoors; outside |
| 送り仮名 | おくりがな | kana written after a kanji to complete the full (usually kun) reading of the word; declensional kana ending |
| 怠る | おこたる | to neglect; to be negligent in; to be neglectful of; to fail to do; to leave undone; to avoid (doing); to shirk; to be unmindful of to improve (of an illness); to get better |
| 押さえる | おさ | to pin down; to hold down; to press down; to hold in place; to hold steady to cover (esp. a part of one's body with one's hand); to clutch (a body part in pain); to press (a body part) to get a hold of; to obtain; to seize; to catch; to arrest |
| お先に | おさきに | before; previously ahead pardon me for leaving (before you) |
| 治める | おさめる | to rule; to govern; to reign over; to administer; to manage (e.g. a household) to subdue; to suppress; to quell; to settle (e.g. a dispute) |
| 惜しい | おしい | regrettable; disappointing; unfortunate precious; dear; valuable too good for; deserving better |
| お洒落 | おしゃれ | stylish; fashionable; trendy; chic; smartly dressed; careful about one's appearance dressing (oneself) up; dressing smartly; dressing nicely; making oneself look attractive fashionable dresser; smartly dressed person |
| お辞儀 | おじぎ | bow; bowing |
| 伯父さん | おじさん | uncle old man; mister manybar goatfish (Parupeneus multifasciatus) |
| お邪魔します | おじゃまします | please excuse the intrusion; I'm coming in |
| 教わる | おそわる | to be taught; to learn; to take lessons in |
| お大事に | おだいじに | take care of yourself; get well soon |
| 落ち着く | おちつく | to calm down; to compose oneself; to regain presence of mind; to relax to calm down; to settle down; to die down; to become stable; to abate to settle down (in a location, job, etc.); to settle in |
| お手伝いさん | おてつだいさん | maid |
| お出かけ | おでかけ | about to start out; just about to leave or go out outing; trip |
| 落し物 | おとしもの | lost property; something dropped and left behind dropping something (without realising); losing something |
| 大人しい | おとなし | gentle; quiet; mild; meek; obedient; docile; well-behaved; tame quiet (color, pattern, etc.); sober |
| 脅かす | おどかす | to threaten; to menace; to intimidate to startle; to frighten; to scare |
| 驚かす | おどろかす | to surprise; to frighten; to create a stir |
| お願いします | おねがいします | please |
| お早う | おはよう | good morning |
| お参り | おまいり | visit (to a shrine, grave, etc.); worship |
| お待たせしました | おまたせしました | thank you for waiting; sorry to have kept you waiting |
| お待ちどおさま | おまちどおさま | I'm sorry to have kept you waiting |
| お目出度い | おめでたい | (matter) for congratulations; worthy of celebration; happy (occasion, ending, etc.); joyous; auspicious naive; too good-natured; gullible; foolish; simple |
| 思いがけない | おもいがけない | unexpected; contrary to expectations; by chance; casual |
| 思い込む | おもいこむ | to be convinced (that); to be under the impression (that); to feel sure (that); to assume (that) to make up one's mind; to set one's heart on; to be determined (to do); to be bent on to be obsessed (with a thought, idea, etc.); to think about obsessively |
| 思いっきり | おもいっきり | to one's heart's content; as much as one wants; as hard as one can; with all one's strength; to the best of one's ability; to the utmost; with determination; hard; heavily resolution; decisiveness; determination; resignation |
| 思いつく | おもいつく | to think of; to hit upon; to come into one's mind; to be struck with an idea to remember; to recall |
| お休み | おやすみ | holiday; day off; absence sleep; rest good night |
| お八つ | おやつ | between-meal snack mid-afternoon (around 3 o'clock) snack; afternoon refreshment; afternoon tea |
| 親指 | おやゆび | thumb big toe |
| オルガン | organ (musical instrument) | |
| 卸す | おろす | to sell wholesale to grate (e.g. vegetables) to cut up fish |
| 恩恵 | おんけい | grace; favor; favour; blessing; benefit |
| 温室 | おんしつ | greenhouse; hothouse; conservatory; glasshouse |
| 温泉 | おんせん | hot spring onsen; hot spring resort; hot spring spa |
| 温帯 | おんたい | temperate zone |
| 女の人 | おんなのひと | woman |
| オーケストラ | orchestra | |
| オートメーション | automation | |
| オーバーコート | overcoat |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 蚊 | か | mosquito |
| 開会 | かいかい | opening of a meeting |
| 会館 | かいかん | meeting hall; assembly hall |
| 解散 | かいさん | breaking up (a meeting, gathering, etc.); dispersal (e.g. of a crowd) dissolution (of a company, organization, etc.); winding-up; disbandment; split-up dissolution (of the Diet, Parliament, etc.) |
| 海水浴 | かいすいよく | swimming in the ocean; sea bathing; seawater bath; going for a dip in the ocean |
| 回数 | かいすう | number of times; frequency; count |
| 回数券 | かいすうけん | coupon tickets; discount tickets; book of tickets |
| 改正 | かいせい | revision; amendment; alteration |
| 快晴 | かいせい | clear weather; cloudless weather; good weather |
| 解説 | かいせつ | explanation; commentary; exposition; elucidation |
| 改造 | かいぞう | remodeling; remodelling; reconstruction; conversion; alteration; renovation; modification; reshuffling (e.g. a cabinet); reorganization; restructuring modding |
| 開通 | かいつう | opening (of a new road, railway, etc.); going into operation (e.g. telephone communication); beginning services reopening (e.g. of a road to traffic); resumption of services |
| 回転 | かいてん | rotation; revolution; turn; spin working (e.g. of one's mind); function turnover (of goods, funds, etc.); circulation; flow (of customers) |
| 解答 | かいとう | answer; solution |
| 回答 | かいとう | reply; answer |
| 解放 | かいほう | release; unleashing; liberation; emancipation; setting free deallocation (of computer memory) |
| 開放 | かいほう | opening (a door, window, etc.); leaving open opening up (e.g. to the public); allowing (public) access |
| 海洋 | かいよう | ocean; sea Kaiyou |
| 帰す | かえす | to send (someone) back; to send (someone) home |
| 却って | かえって | on the contrary; rather; instead; all the more |
| 返る | かえる | to return; to come back; to go back to turn over to become extremely; to become completely |
| 家屋 | かおく | house; building |
| 関わる | かかわる | to be involved (in); to get involved (in); to concern oneself (with); to take part (in); to interfere (in) to relate to (a matter); to pertain to; to concern; to have to do with to (seriously) affect; to concern; to have a serious bearing (on) |
| 書き取り | かきとり | writing down from other written material; writing kanji text from hiragana transcription (of spoken material); dictation |
| 垣根 | かきね | hedge; fence border; limit |
| 掻く | かく | to scratch to perspire to shovel; to paddle |
| 架空 | かくう | fictitious; imaginary; fanciful; fabricated aerial; overhead |
| 各自 | かくじ | each (person); everyone; individual; respective |
| 拡充 | かくじゅう | expansion |
| 各地 | かくち | each place; every place; various places; all parts (of the country, world, etc.) |
| 角度 | かくど | angle |
| 格別 | かくべつ | particular; special; exceptional; especial particularly; especially; exceptionally |
| 確率 | かくりつ | probability; likelihood; chances |
| 嗅ぐ | かぐ | to sniff; to smell |
| 掛け算 | かけざん | multiplication |
| 可決 | かけつ | approval; adoption (of a motion, bill, etc.); passage |
| ｘ (ｘ) | かける | x (mark); cross MDMA; ecstasy; molly |
| 下降 | かこう | descent; fall; drop; decline; downturn; subsidence |
| 火口 | かこう | (volcanic) crater; caldera burner (of a boiler) |
| 重なる | かさなる | to be piled up; to lie on top of one another to come one after another; to happen over and over; to pile up (e.g. stress); to accumulate to overlap (each other); to occur at the same time; to happen simultaneously |
| 重ねる | かさねる | to pile up; to heap up; to stack up; to put on top of another to repeat many times over; to go through repeatedly; to accumulate |
| 飾り | かざり | decoration; ornament; trimmings |
| 火山 | かざん | volcano |
| 畏まりました | かしこま | certainly! |
| 過失 | かしつ | accident (caused by negligence); error; blunder fault; defect |
| 貸間 | かしま | room to let; room for rent |
| 貸家 | かしや | house for rent |
| 果実 | かじつ | fruit; nut; berry fruits; profit |
| 過剰 | かじょう | excess; surplus; superabundance; overabundance |
| 齧る | かじる | to gnaw; to nibble; to bite; to munch; to crunch to dabble in; to know a little bit about; to learn a little of; to have a smattering of |
| カセット | cassette (tape) game cartridge | |
| 下線 | かせん | underline; underscore |
| 課税 | かぜい | taxation |
| 加速 | かそく | acceleration; speeding up |
| 加速度 | かそくど | acceleration |
| カタカナ | katakana; angular Japanese syllabary used primarily for loanwords | |
| 片付く | かたづく | to be put in order; to be put to rights to be disposed of; to be solved to be finished |
| 固まる | かたまる | to harden; to solidify to become firm; to become certain to gather (together); to assemble; to huddle together |
| 片道 | かたみち | one-way (trip) one-way ticket |
| 傾く | かたむく | to incline toward; to slant; to lurch; to heel over; to be disposed to; to trend toward; to be prone to to go down (sun, moon); to sink to decline; to wane; to ebb; to fall away |
| 偏る | かたよる | to lean (to one side); to incline to be unbalanced (e.g. diet); to be unduly weighted towards; to be concentrated on to be partial; to be biased; to be prejudiced |
| 括弧 | かっこ | brackets; parentheses |
| 担ぐ | かつぐ | to shoulder; to carry on one's shoulder to nominate for a position; to choose as a representative to take (someone) for a ride; to deceive; to take in |
| 活字 | かつじ | printing type; movable type printed text; print |
| 活躍 | かつやく | activity (esp. energetic or successful); great efforts; active participation walking about with great vigor |
| 活力 | かつりょく | vitality; energy; dynamism |
| 課程 | かてい | course; curriculum |
| 仮定 | かてい | assumption; supposition; hypothesis supposition |
| 仮名 | かな | kana; Japanese syllabaries (i.e. hiragana and katakana) |
| 仮名遣い | かなづかい | kana orthography; syllabary spelling |
| 加熱 | かねつ | heating; application of heat |
| 兼ねる | かねる | to be unable to; to find difficult (unpleasant, awkward, painful) to do to serve two or more functions or roles simultaneously; to contain (or combine) two or more features to work in two or more jobs simultaneously (positions, etc.); to do alongside |
| 過半数 | かはんすう | majority |
| カバー | cover; covering; dust jacket; wrapper covering (a song); cover; cover version coverage | |
| 被せる | かぶせる | to cover (with something) to put on (e.g. someone's head) to pour liquid (on something); to dash liquid (over something) |
| 釜 | かま | iron pot; kettle |
| 紙くず | かみくず | wastepaper; scrap of paper; paper scraps |
| 神様 | かみさま | God; god; deity; divinity; spirit; kami ace; king; superior person; god (amongst men) |
| 剃刀 | かみそり | razor |
| 貨物 | かもつ | cargo; freight money or assets |
| 痒い | かゆい | itchy |
| 歌謡 | かよう | song; ballad |
| 殻 | から | shell; husk; hull; pod; chaff |
| 揶揄う | からかう | to tease; to make fun of; to poke fun at; to make a crack about; to chaff; to kid; to joke; to banter; to pull someone's leg |
| 空っぽ | からっぽ | empty; vacant; hollow |
| カラー | color; colour color; character; characteristics; atmosphere coloring (one's hair); dyeing | |
| 歌留多 | カルタ | karuta; traditional Japanese playing cards, esp. hyakunin isshu karuta or iroha karuta |
| 枯れる | かれる | to wither (of a plant); to be blasted; to die to mature (of one's personality, abilities, etc.) |
| カロリー | calorie | |
| 可愛がる | かわいがる | to be affectionate to; to treat tenderly; to dote on; to show one's love (for); to cherish to show favouritism to; to be partial to to fondle; to caress; to pet |
| 乾かす | かわかす | to dry (clothes, etc.); to desiccate |
| 渇く | かわく | to be thirsty; to feel thirsty to thirst for; to crave |
| 為替 | かわせ | money order; draft exchange (e.g. foreign) |
| 瓦 | かわら | roof tile |
| 替わる | かわる | to succeed; to relieve; to replace to take the place of; to substitute for; to take over for; to represent; to hand over (telephone) to be exchanged; to change (places with); to switch |
| 間隔 | かんかく | space; interval space character; whitespace |
| 換気 | かんき | ventilation |
| 感激 | かんげき | deep emotion; impression; inspiration |
| 関西 | かんさい | Kansai (region comprising Kyoto, Osaka, Kobe and surrounding prefectures) Kansai (western half of Japan; during the feudal era) Kansei |
| 鑑賞 | かんしょう | appreciation (of art, music, poetry, etc.) |
| 間接 | かんせつ | indirection; indirectness |
| 乾燥 | かんそう | dryness; aridity; drying (e.g. clothes); dehydration; desiccation insipidity |
| 感想 | かんそう | impressions; thoughts; feelings; reactions |
| 観測 | かんそく | observation; survey; measurement opinion; prediction; thinking |
| 寒帯 | かんたい | frigid zone |
| 勘違い | かんちがい | misunderstanding; mistaken idea; wrong guess |
| 官庁 | かんちょう | government office; government agency; authorities |
| 缶詰 | かんづめ | canned food; tinned food confining someone (e.g. so they can concentrate on work) being stuck in a confined space |
| 乾電池 | かんでんち | dry cell battery |
| 関東 | かんとう | Kantō (region comprising Tokyo and surrounding prefectures) Kantō (eastern half of Japan; during the feudal era) |
| 観念 | かんねん | idea; notion; concept; conception sense (e.g. of duty) resignation (to one's fate); acceptance; preparedness |
| 看板 | かんばん | signboard; sign; billboard; hoarding; doorplate draw; attraction; feature; highlight; spokesman; figurehead reputation (of a shop); name |
| 看病 | かんびょう | nursing (a patient) |
| 冠 | かんむり | traditional cap worn by Shinto clergy and courtiers crown; diadem; coronet top kanji radical |
| 漢和 | かんわ | China and Japan Chinese and Japanese (languages) dictionary with Japanese definitions of kanji and kanji compounds; kanji dictionary |
| カーブ | curve; turn; bend curveball; curve ball | |
| 外部 | がいぶ | outside (e.g. of a building); exterior outside (of a group, company, etc.); outside world |
| 概論 | がいろん | introduction; outline; general remarks |
| 学術 | がくじゅつ | science; learning; scholarship; arts and sciences; academic pursuits |
| 学年 | がくねん | academic year; school year year in school; grade in school |
| 学部 | がくぶ | department (of a university); faculty; school; college |
| 学力 | がくりょく | scholarly ability; scholarship; knowledge; literary ability |
| 学科 | がっか | subject (of study); course of study department (of a university) |
| 学会 | がっかい | learned society; scientific society; academy; academic meeting; academic conference |
| 楽器 | がっき | musical instrument |
| 学級 | がっきゅう | (school) class |
| ガム | chewing gum gum; rubber | |
| 気圧 | きあつ | atmospheric pressure |
| 機関車 | きかんしゃ | locomotive; engine |
| 着替え | きがえ | changing clothes; change of clothes |
| 飢饉 | ききん | famine; crop failure chronic shortage (e.g. of water) |
| 期限 | きげん | term; period; time frame time limit; deadline; cutoff (date) |
| 記号 | きごう | sign; symbol; mark |
| 刻む | きざむ | to mince; to cut fine; to chop up; to hash; to shred to carve; to engrave; to chisel; to notch to tick away (time); to beat out (e.g. rhythm); to record the passing moments |
| 起床 | きしょう | rising (from one's bed); getting up; getting out of bed |
| 基準 | きじゅん | standard; criterion; norm; benchmark; measure; gauge; basis |
| 着せる | きせる | to put clothes on (someone); to dress; to clothe to cover; to coat; to plate; to gild; to veneer to pin (e.g. a crime on someone); to lay (blame); to charge (with an offence); to give (a bad name); to remind someone of (their indebtedness) |
| 基礎 | きそ | foundation; basis |
| 気体 | きたい | gas; vapour; vapor; gaseous body |
| 基地 | きち | base (military, expedition, etc.) |
| 切っ掛け | きっかけ | chance; start; cue; excuse; motive; impetus; occasion Kikkake |
| 基盤 | きばん | base; basis; foundation; footing; infrastructure bedrock platform |
| 客席 | きゃくせき | guest seating (e.g. theater, stadium); passenger seat (e.g. taxi) audience |
| 客間 | きゃくま | drawing room; parlor; parlour; guest room |
| キャンパス | campus | |
| 休業 | きゅうぎょう | suspension of business; temporary closure (of a store, school, etc.); shutdown; holiday |
| 休講 | きゅうこう | cancellation (of a lecture, class, etc.) |
| 休息 | きゅうそく | rest; relief; relaxation Kyuusoku |
| 給与 | きゅうよ | pay; salary; wages allowance; grant; supply; providing with |
| 強化 | きょうか | strengthening; intensifying; reinforcement; enhancement; solidification reinforcement |
| 境界 | きょうかい | boundary; border; limit; bounds; frontier |
| 恐縮 | きょうしゅく | feeling (much) obliged; being (very) grateful; being thankful feeling sorry (for troubling someone); feeling ashamed (e.g. of an error); feeling embarrassed (e.g. by someone's compliments, hospitality, etc.) shrinking back in fear |
| 教養 | きょうよう | (understanding or appreciation of) culture; (one's) education; cultivation; sophistication; refinement |
| 曲線 | きょくせん | curve |
| 清い | きよい | clean; clear pure; honest; clean; innocent; platonic; chaste |
| 規律 | きりつ | order; observance; discipline rules; law; regulations |
| 斬る | きる | to kill (a human) using a blade (sword, machete, knife, etc.); to slice (off); to lop (off); to cut (off) |
| 気をつける | きをつける | to be careful; to pay attention; to take care |
| 金魚 | きんぎょ | goldfish (Carassius auratus) |
| 儀式 | ぎしき | ceremony; rite; ritual; service Gishiki |
| ぎっしり | tightly (packed); densely; closely; crammed | |
| ギャング | gang gangster | |
| 行事 | ぎょうじ | event; function |
| 行列 | ぎょうれつ | line; queue; procession; parade matrix |
| 漁業 | ぎょぎょう | fishing industry; fishery |
| 区域 | くいき | area; zone; district; quarter; section; limits; boundary |
| 空想 | くうそう | daydream; fantasy; fancy; vision |
| 空中 | くうちゅう | sky; air; mid-air |
| 釘 | くぎ | nail; spike; tack; rivet; brad; (pachinko) pin |
| 区切る | くぎる | to divide; to separate; to partition; to demarcate; to delimit; to mark off to punctuate; to mark off (with a comma); to insert pauses (between words or phrases when reading aloud); to space one's words |
| 櫛 | くし | comb |
| 嚏 | くしゃみ | sneeze spoken twice in response to someone sneezing as a charm against an early death |
| 苦情 | くじょう | complaint; troubles; objection; grievance |
| 薬指 | くすりゆび | ring finger; third finger; fourth finger (in piano-playing) fourth toe |
| 屑 | くず | waste; scrap; garbage; dregs scum; piece of trash; loser |
| 崩す | くずす | to destroy; to demolish; to pull down; to tear down; to level to disturb; to put into disorder; to throw off balance; to make shaky to relax (one's pose); to make oneself at ease |
| 崩れる | くずれる | to collapse; to crumble to get out of shape; to lose one's shape; to become disorganized; to become untidy to break down; to be thrown into disarray |
| 草臥れる | くたびれ | to get tired; to become exhausted; to grow weary to become worn out; to become battered (from long use) to get tired of (doing); to get fed up with |
| 砕ける | くだける | to break (into pieces); to be broken; to be smashed to collapse; to crumble; to decline; to cool (e.g. enthusiasm); to dampen (e.g. one's will to fight) to become less formal; to throw off reserve; to become affable |
| 下らない | くだらない | trivial; trifling; insignificant; not worth bothering with; worthless; useless; good-for-nothing stupid; nonsensical; absurd; foolish; silly |
| 下る | くだる | to descend; to go down; to come down to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.) to pass (of time) |
| 唇 | くちびる | lip; lips |
| 口紅 | くちべに | lipstick |
| くっ付く | くっつく | to adhere to; to stick to; to cling to to keep close to; to go along with to get involved with; to be thick with; to become intimate |
| くっ付ける | くっつける | to attach; to stick together; to paste; to glue to place together; to put side by side to make (someone) get married; to get (someone) hitched |
| 句読点 | くとうてん | punctuation mark |
| 配る | くばる | to distribute; to hand out; to deliver; to deal out; to serve out to allot; to allocate; to place (staff, soldiers, etc.); to station |
| 工夫 | くふう | devising (a way); contriving; inventing; thinking up; figuring out; coming up with; working out device; design; idea; plan; invention dedication to spiritual improvement (esp. through Zen meditation) |
| 区分 | くぶん | division; section; demarcation; partition; segmentation; compartment; (traffic) lane classification; sorting; grouping; segmentation division |
| 組み合わせ | くみあわせ | combination; assortment; set matching (in a contest); pairing combination |
| 汲む | くむ | to draw (water); to ladle; to dip up; to scoop up; to pump to pour (into a cup); to drink (together) to consider (feelings, the situation, etc.); to sympathize with; to intuit; to understand |
| 酌む | くむ | to pour (sake); to serve; to drink (together) to consider (feelings, the situation, etc.); to sympathize with; to intuit; to understand |
| 悔しい | くやしい | frustrated (over a failure, humiliation or injustice); annoyed; chagrined; (bitterly) disappointed; bitter; vexed; frustrating; annoying; regrettable |
| 悔やむ | くやむ | to mourn; to lament to be sorry; to regret; to repent |
| クリーニング | cleaning; dry cleaning; laundry service | |
| 呉れ呉れも | くれぐれも | sincerely; earnestly; wholeheartedly repeatedly; over and over; again and again |
| 咥える | くわえる | to hold in one's mouth to bring with; to take along |
| クーラー | air conditioner cooler | |
| 偶数 | ぐうすう | even number |
| 郡 | ぐん | district; county district (of 2-20 50-home neighbourhoods or townships, in the ritsuryō period) commandery (in China) |
| 稽古 | けいこ | practice; practising; training; study Keiko |
| 蛍光灯 | けいこうとう | fluorescent lamp; fluorescent light person who is slow to react; someone slow on the uptake |
| 敬語 | けいご | honorific; term of respect; polite expression; honorific language |
| 形式 | けいしき | form (as opposed to substance) format; form; style; manner formality; form |
| 継続 | けいぞく | continuation; continuance; going on |
| 系統 | けいとう | system lineage; ancestry; family line group (e.g. of colors) (colours); family (e.g. of languages); party; school (of thought) |
| 経度 | けいど | longitude |
| 競馬 | けいば | horse racing |
| 警備 | けいび | defense; defence; guard; policing; security |
| 形容詞 | けいようし | adjective; i-adjective (in Japanese) |
| 形容動詞 | けいようどうし | adjectival noun (in Japanese); quasi-adjective; nominal adjective; na-, taru-, nari- or tari-adjective |
| 毛皮 | けがわ | fur; skin; pelt kanji "fur" radical |
| 削る | けずる | to shave (wood, leather, etc.); to sharpen (e.g. pencil); to plane; to whittle; to pare; to scrape off; to erode to cut down (budget, expenses, staff, time, etc.); to curtail; to reduce to delete; to erase; to remove; to cross out; to strike out |
| 桁 | けた | column; beam; girder; crossbeam; spar; yard digit; decade; order of magnitude |
| 傑作 | けっさく | masterpiece; masterwork; chef d'oeuvre; fine piece of work (unintentionally) hilarious; absurd (e.g. blunder); outrageous; wild |
| 血圧 | けつあつ | blood pressure |
| 血液 | けつえき | blood |
| 蹴る | ける | to kick to refuse; to reject to stamp (on the ground); to firmly press one's feet (against something) |
| 険しい | けわしい | precipitous; rugged; inaccessible; impregnable; steep grim; severe; stern |
| 見学 | けんがく | inspection; study by observation; field trip; tour; review sitting out (e.g. PE class) |
| 謙虚 | けんきょ | modest; humble |
| 研修 | けんしゅう | training (esp. in-service); induction course |
| 県庁 | けんちょう | prefectural office Kenchou |
| 顕微鏡 | けんびきょう | microscope |
| 芸能 | げいのう | public entertainment; performing arts accomplishments; attainments |
| 外科 | げか | surgery (branch of medicine) department of surgery |
| 激増 | げきぞう | sharp increase; sudden rise |
| 下車 | げしゃ | alighting (from a train, bus, etc.); getting off; getting out (of a car) |
| 下水 | げすい | drainage; ditch; gutter; sewerage sewage; black water |
| 下駄 | げた | geta; traditional Japanese wooden sandal turn (in set-type proofing); upside-down character net; geta |
| 月給 | げっきゅう | monthly salary |
| 下品 | げひん | vulgar; indecent; coarse; crude |
| 原稿 | げんこう | manuscript; copy; draft; notes; contribution |
| 原産 | げんさん | place of origin; habitat |
| 原始 | げんし | origin; beginning; genesis primeval; primordial; primitive |
| 現に | げんに | actually; really |
| 原理 | げんり | principle; theory; fundamental truth |
| 恋しい | こいしい | yearned for; longed for; missed |
| 乞う | こう | to beg; to ask; to request; to invite to pray; to wish |
| 斯うして | こう | thus; in this way |
| 工員 | こういん | factory worker |
| 公害 | こうがい | pollution; public nuisance; contamination |
| 高級 | こうきゅう | high-class; high-grade; high-quality; high-end; luxury high-ranking; high-level; senior |
| 公共 | こうきょう | public (facilities, service, etc.); communal |
| 工芸 | こうげい | industrial arts; craft |
| 孝行 | こうこう | filial piety showing devotion (to someone) |
| 交差 | こうさ | crossing; intersection (genetic) crossing over |
| 講師 | こうし | speaker; lecturer lecturer (at a university or college); instructor part-time teacher |
| 公式 | こうしき | official; formal formula (e.g. mathematical) official (social media) account (of a company, organization, etc.) |
| 校舎 | こうしゃ | school building; schoolhouse |
| 公衆 | こうしゅう | the public; general public |
| 工事 | こうじ | construction work |
| 香水 | こうすい | perfume; scent |
| 公正 | こうせい | justice; fairness; impartiality |
| 光線 | こうせん | beam; light ray |
| 高層 | こうそう | high-rise (building); multistory; multistoried; tall high (altitude); upper (atmosphere, air current, etc.) |
| 構造 | こうぞう | structure; construction; makeup; framework; organization; pattern |
| 交代 | こうたい | change; alternation; rotation; replacement; substitution; shift; relief; taking turns |
| 耕地 | こうち | arable land; plantation; farmland fazenda; hacienda; large estate |
| 交通機関 | こうつうきかん | (means of) transportation; transport; transportation facilities; transportation system; transit system |
| 校庭 | こうてい | schoolyard; school playground; school grounds; campus |
| 高等 | こうとう | high class; high grade |
| 高度 | こうど | altitude; height; elevation high-degree; high-grade; advanced; sophisticated; strong |
| 公表 | こうひょう | official announcement; proclamation |
| 鉱物 | こうぶつ | mineral |
| 公務 | こうむ | official business; public business |
| 項目 | こうもく | item; heading; category; clause headword (in a dictionary, encyclopedia, etc.); entry |
| 紅葉 | こうよう | leaves turning red (in autumn); red leaves; autumn colours; fall colors |
| 交流 | こうりゅう | exchange (e.g. cultural); interchange; interaction; mingling; mixing; coming together alternating current; AC |
| 焦がす | こがす | to burn; to scorch; to singe; to char |
| 国王 | こくおう | king; queen; monarch; sovereign the Crown (as a focus of authority in the UK, etc.); the throne |
| 国籍 | こくせき | nationality; citizenship nationality (ship, airplane, etc.); registration; flag |
| 国立 | こくりつ | national; founded and run by the central government |
| 心当たり | こころあたり | having in mind; happening to know (of); idea (of); inkling |
| 心得る | こころえる | to know; to understand; to be aware of; to regard as; to take for to (understand and) accept (a responsibility) to have a knowledge of (a skill, art, etc.); to have a command of; to know (how to do) |
| 腰掛け | こしかけ | seat; bench temporary job while looking for a better job or until one marries |
| 腰掛ける | こしかける | to sit (down) |
| 胡椒 | こしょう | pepper |
| 拵える | こしらえる | to make; to manufacture |
| 擦る | こする | to rub; to scrub; to scrape |
| 個体 | こたい | individual; specimen |
| こちらこそ | it is I who should say so | |
| コック | cook; chef | |
| こっそり | stealthily; secretly; in secret | |
| 小遣い | こづかい | pocket money; spending money; pin money; allowance |
| 古典 | こてん | classic (work, esp. book); the classics |
| 琴 | こと | koto (13-stringed Japanese zither) stringed instrument zheng (Chinese zither); guzheng |
| 言付ける | ことづける | to have someone send (a message, parcel, etc.); to send (via someone else); to leave (a message) with someone to use as an excuse; to make a pretext of |
| 此間 | こないだ | the other day; lately; recently |
| 零す | こぼす | to spill; to drop; to shed (tears) to grumble (about); to complain (of) to let (one's feelings) show |
| 零れる | こぼれる | to spill; to fall out of; to overflow to peek through; to become visible (although normally not) to escape (of a smile, tear, etc.) |
| 小指 | こゆび | little finger; pinky little toe |
| コレクション | collection (of art, stamps, etc.); collecting collection (i.e. a range of new clothes); fashion show | |
| 転がす | ころがす | to roll; to wheel; to trundle; to drive (a car) to turn over; to tip over; to throw down to leave |
| 転がる | ころがる | to roll; to tumble to fall over; to roll over to lie down |
| 紺 | こん | navy blue; deep blue |
| 混凝土 | コンクリート | concrete |
| コンクール | competition; contest | |
| 混合 | こんごう | mixing; mixture; meld miscegenation |
| コンセント | (electrical) outlet; (wall) socket; power point | |
| 献立 | こんだて | menu; bill of fare program; programme; schedule |
| 今晩は | こんばんは | good evening |
| コース | course; route; trail course (of study); program lane (in running, swimming, etc.) | |
| コーラス | chorus | |
| 碁 | ご | go (board game) |
| 強引 | ごういん | overbearing; coercive; pushy; forcible; high-handed |
| 合同 | ごうどう | combination; union; joining; incorporation; amalgamation; merger; fusion combined; joint; united; shared congruence |
| 合理 | ごうり | rationality |
| 合流 | ごうりゅう | confluence (of rivers); flowing together; joining joining (of people, groups, parties, etc.); union; linking up; merging (e.g. of traffic); meeting (up) Gouryuu |
| ご苦労様 | ごくろうさま | thank you (for your hard work); I appreciate your efforts |
| 五十音 | ごじゅうおん | the Japanese syllabary |
| ご馳走様 | ごちそうさま | thank you (for the meal); that was a delicious meal thank you (for displaying lovey-dovey behaviour) |
| ご無沙汰 | ごぶさた | not writing or contacting for a while; neglecting (failing) to write (call, visit, etc.); long silence |
| 護謨 | ゴム | gum; rubber eraser condom |
| 御免 | ごめん | I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me may I come in? permission; leave; license |
| ごめん下さい | ごめんください | may I come in? please forgive me; I'm sorry |
| ご覧 | ごらん | (please) try to (please) look seeing; looking; watching |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 再三 | さいさん | again and again; repeatedly |
| 祭日 | さいじつ | national holiday; festival day |
| 催促 | さいそく | pressing; urging; demanding; demand |
| 採点 | さいてん | marking; grading; scoring |
| 災難 | さいなん | calamity; misfortune; disaster |
| 裁縫 | さいほう | sewing; needlework |
| サイレン | siren | |
| 逆さま | さかさま | inverted; upside down; reversed; back to front; wrong way round |
| 遡る | さかのぼる | to go upstream; to go up (a river) to go back (to the past or origin); to date back (to); to trace back (to); to be retroactive (to) |
| 酒場 | さかば | bar; pub; tavern |
| 先ほど | さきほど | a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago |
| 裂く | さく | to tear; to rip up to cut up; to cleave; to cut open (esp. the abdomen) to forcibly separate (e.g. two lovers) |
| 索引 | さくいん | index (in a book) |
| 作者 | さくしゃ | creator (of a work); author; writer; artist; composer; playwright; dramatist |
| 削除 | さくじょ | deletion; elimination; erasure; striking out |
| 作成 | さくせい | making (a report, plan, contract, etc.); drawing up; writing out; preparing; creating (a file, website, account, etc.) |
| 作製 | さくせい | manufacture; production |
| 探る | さぐる | to feel around for; to fumble for; to grope for; to search for; to look for to investigate; to probe into; to spy on; to sound out to explore (parts unknown); to enjoy (natural beauty) |
| 囁く | ささやく | to whisper; to murmur to rumor; to rumour |
| 刺さる | ささる | to stick into (of something with a sharp point); to prick; to pierce; to get stuck (in); to lodge (in) to resonate emotionally; to move |
| 差し支え | さしつかえ | hindrance; impediment |
| 差し引き | さしひき | deduction; subtraction; balance ebb and flow; rise and fall |
| 刺身 | さしみ | sashimi (raw sliced fish, shellfish or crustaceans) |
| 匙 | さじ | spoon |
| 刺す | さす | to pierce; to stab; to prick; to stick; to thrust to sting; to bite to sew; to stitch; to embroider |
| 射す | さす | to shine |
| 挿す | さす | to insert; to put in to plant (a cutting); to strike to arrange (flowers) |
| 流石 | さすが | as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); just like (someone) still; all the same; after all even ... (e.g. "even a genius") |
| 撮影 | さつえい | photography (still or motion); photographing; filming; shooting; (video) recording |
| 錆 | さび | rust |
| 錆びる | さび | to rust; to become rusty |
| 冷ます | さます | to cool (e.g. from a high temperature to room temperature); to let cool to dampen; to throw a damper on; to spoil |
| 妨げる | さまたげる | to disturb; to prevent; to obstruct; to hinder |
| 冷める | さめる | to cool down; to get cold to cool off (excitement, temper, etc.); to subside; to dampen; to fade; to wane to be cold (eyes, expression, etc.); to be composed |
| 左様なら | さようなら | farewell; adieu; goodbye; so long |
| サラリーマン | office worker; company employee; company man; salaryman | |
| 騒がしい | さわがしい | noisy; boisterous turbulent (era, etc.); troubled |
| 爽やか | さわやか | fresh; refreshing; invigorating; pleasant; delightful clear (voice); fluent (speech); eloquent |
| 三角 | さんかく | triangle; triangular shape |
| 算数 | さんすう | arithmetic calculation |
| 酸性 | さんせい | acidity acidic |
| 産地 | さんち | producing area |
| サンプル | sample; example; specimen display model (e.g. plastic food models used by restaurants) | |
| 山林 | さんりん | mountain forest; forest on a mountain; forest land; woodland mountains and forests |
| サークル | group with a common interest (e.g. students); club (e.g. company sports club); circle circle (shape) Circle | |
| 材木 | ざいもく | wood (for building); lumber; timber |
| 座敷 | ざしき | tatami room; tatami mat room; formal Japanese room dinner party in a tatami room (esp. when a geisha or maiko attends) |
| 雑音 | ざつおん | noise (usu. unpleasant) interference (e.g. radio); static; noise gossip; irresponsible criticism |
| 座布団 | ざぶとん | zabuton; flat floor cushion used when sitting or kneeling; usu. rectangular |
| 仕上がる | しあがる | to be finished; to be completed; to be done |
| 明々後日 | しあさって | in three days' time; two days after tomorrow |
| 塩辛い | しおからい | salty (taste); briny |
| 司会 | しかい | leading a meeting; presiding over a meeting; officiating at a ceremony; chairmanship chairman; presenter; host; moderator; master of ceremonies |
| 四角 | しかく | quadrilateral; square |
| 四角い | しかくい | square; rectangular |
| 四季 | しき | the four seasons |
| 敷地 | しきち | site; plot; lot; grounds |
| 至急 | しきゅう | urgent; pressing; immediate; prompt; express urgently; promptly; at once; right away; without delay; as soon as possible |
| 敷く | しく | to spread out (e.g. a futon); to lay out to lay down (e.g. a cushion) to impose widely (e.g. martial law); to promulgate |
| 茂る | しげる | to grow thickly; to be in full leaf; to be rampant; to luxuriate; to be luxurious |
| 四捨五入 | ししゃごにゅう | rounding (off; a number); rounding half away from zero rounding off (views); converging to a common opinion |
| 始終 | しじゅう | continuously; from beginning to end; from first to last |
| 静まる | しずまる | to become quiet; to quiet down; to quieten down to calm down; to die down; to subside; to abate; to be suppressed |
| 姿勢 | しせい | posture; pose; position; stance; carriage (of the body) attitude; approach; stance |
| 自然科学 | しぜんかがく | natural science |
| 死体 | したい | dead body; corpse; cadaver; carcass |
| 下書き | したがき | draft; rough copy |
| 下町 | したまち | low-lying part of a city (usu. containing shops, factories, etc.) Shitamachi (low-lying area of eastern Tokyo near Tokyo Bay, incl. Asakusa, Shitaya, Kanda, Fukugawa, Honjo, Nihonbashi, Kyobashi and surrounds) Shitamachi |
| 湿気 | しっけ | moisture; humidity; dampness Shikke |
| 執筆 | しっぴつ | writing; authoring |
| 尻尾 | しっぽ | tail (of an animal) tail end; tip |
| 執拗い | しつこい | insistent; obstinate; persistent; tenacious too rich (taste, etc.); fatty; heavy; greasy |
| 湿度 | しつど | level of humidity |
| 失恋 | しつれん | disappointed love; broken heart; unrequited love; being lovelorn |
| 指定 | してい | designation; specification; assignment; appointment; pointing at |
| 私鉄 | してつ | private railway |
| 縛る | しばる | to tie; to bind; to fasten to restrict (freedom); to tie down (with rules, regulations, etc.); to fetter |
| 痺れる | しびれる | to become numb; to go to sleep (e.g. a limb) to get an electric shock; to tingle (from an electric shock) to be excited; to be titillated; to be mesmerized; to be enthralled |
| 紙幣 | しへい | paper money; note; bill |
| 萎む | しぼむ | to wither (of flowers, dreams, etc.); to wilt; to droop; to shrivel; to fade (away); to sag; to deflate |
| 絞る | しぼる | to turn down (e.g. radio) to bend (bow); to draw to hold down; to constrict; to immobilize |
| 縞 | しま | stripe; bar; streak (weaved) stripe pattern (of 2 or more different colors) |
| 沁み沁み | しみじみ | keenly; deeply; fully; heartily; seriously; earnestly calmly; quietly; softly fixedly (gazing, staring); intently |
| 氏名 | しめい | (full) name; identity |
| 締め切る | しめきる | to close up; to shut up (e.g. behind doors) to cut off (e.g. because a deadline has expired); to close off (e.g. subscription list) |
| 社会科学 | しゃかいかがく | social science |
| しゃがむ | to squat; to crouch | |
| 車庫 | しゃこ | garage; carport; depot (for trains, buses, etc.); carbarn |
| 車掌 | しゃしょう | (train) conductor |
| 写生 | しゃせい | sketching; drawing from nature; portrayal; description |
| シャッター | (camera) shutter shutter (for a door, window, etc.) | |
| しゃぶる | to suck; to lick | |
| 車輪 | しゃりん | (vehicle) wheel |
| 洒落 | しゃれ | joke; pun; jest; witticism; wordplay smartly dressed; stylish; fashion-conscious; refined |
| 集会 | しゅうかい | meeting; assembly; gathering; congregation; convention; rally |
| 集金 | しゅうきん | money collection |
| 集合 | しゅうごう | meeting up; gathering; assembly set |
| 習字 | しゅうじ | penmanship; calligraphy |
| 修繕 | しゅうぜん | repair; mending |
| 終点 | しゅうてん | terminus; last stop (e.g. train) |
| 周辺 | しゅうへん | circumference; outskirts; environs; around; in the area of; in the vicinity of (computer) peripheral |
| 終了 | しゅうりょう | end; close; termination |
| 縮小 | しゅくしょう | reduction; curtailment; cut; cutback; scaling down; contraction; shrinkage |
| 祝日 | しゅくじつ | national holiday; public holiday |
| 主語 | しゅご | subject |
| 出勤 | しゅっきん | going to work; leaving for work; attendance (at work); being at work; presence (in the office); reporting for work |
| 出張 | しゅっちょう | business trip; official trip |
| 主役 | しゅやく | leading part; leading actor; leading actress |
| 消化 | しょうか | digestion (of food) digestion (of information); assimilation; thorough understanding consumption; absorption; using up; meeting (e.g. a quota); completion |
| 小学生 | しょうがくせい | elementary school student; primary school student; grade school student |
| 仕様がない | しょうがない | there's no (other) way cannot be helped; unavoidable; inevitable; (there's) nothing one can do; having no choice; it is what it is it's no use (doing); pointless; useless; no good; insufficient; not enough |
| 消極的 | しょうきょくてき | negative; passive; half-hearted; unmotivated |
| 賞金 | しょうきん | prize money; monetary award; reward |
| 商業 | しょうぎょう | commerce; trade; business |
| 商社 | しょうしゃ | trading company |
| 障子 | しょうじ | shoji (paper sliding door) |
| 小数 | しょうすう | fraction (part of); decimal fraction |
| 生ずる | しょうずる | to produce; to yield; to cause to result from; to arise; to be generated |
| 商店 | しょうてん | shop; store; firm |
| 消毒 | しょうどく | disinfection; sterilization; sterilisation |
| 勝敗 | しょうはい | victory or defeat; outcome (of a game, battle, etc.) |
| 賞品 | しょうひん | prize; trophy |
| 勝負 | しょうぶ | victory or defeat match; contest; game; bout Shoubu |
| 小便 | しょうべん | urine; piss; pee; urination breaking a contract |
| 消防署 | しょうぼうしょ | fire station |
| 正味 | しょうみ | net (amount); clear; full (e.g. working hours) net weight net price; cost price |
| 正面 | しょうめん | front; frontage; facade; main |
| 省略 | しょうりゃく | omission; leaving out abbreviation; abridgment; abridgement; shortening (e.g. of a name) |
| 初級 | しょきゅう | elementary level; beginner level |
| 食塩 | しょくえん | table salt |
| 職人 | しょくにん | craftsman; artisan; tradesman; worker; workman Shokunin |
| 初旬 | しょじゅん | first 10 days of the month |
| 食器 | しょっき | tableware |
| ショップ | shop | |
| 書店 | しょてん | bookshop; bookstore |
| 白髪 | しらが | white hair; grey hair; gray hair |
| 知り合い | しりあい | acquaintance |
| 私立 | しりつ | private (establishment) |
| 資料 | しりょう | material; materials; data; information; documents |
| シリーズ | series | |
| 素人 | しろうと | amateur; layman; ordinary person; novice respectable woman (i.e. not a prostitute, hostess, geisha) unlicensed prostitute |
| 芯 | しん | wick; marrow; staple (for stapler); (pencil) lead; stuffing; pith core; heart; centre; center pistil (of a flower) |
| 新幹線 | しんかんせん | Shinkansen; bullet train Shinkansen |
| 真空 | しんくう | vacuum absolute void; complete vacuity |
| 信ずる | しんずる | to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in |
| 申請 | しんせい | application; request; petition |
| 寝台 | しんだい | bed; couch |
| 診断 | しんだん | diagnosis; medical examination |
| 侵入 | しんにゅう | invasion; incursion; raid; aggression; intrusion; trespass; penetration; hacking |
| 深夜 | しんや | late at night |
| 親類 | しんるい | relative; relation; kin |
| 針路 | しんろ | course; direction |
| 神話 | しんわ | myth; mythology |
| シーズン | season (period in which regulated games are played) season (division of the year) season (of a TV show, etc.) | |
| シーツ | sheet; bed sheet | |
| しーん | silently (as the grave); quietly (as in death) | |
| 自衛 | じえい | self-defense; self-defence |
| 時間割 | じかんわり | timetable (esp. a weekly school timetable); schedule |
| 持参 | じさん | bringing; taking; carrying |
| 磁石 | じしゃく | magnet compass |
| 自習 | じしゅう | self-study; teaching oneself studying by oneself (at school) while the teacher is absent |
| 時速 | じそく | speed (per hour) |
| 自治 | じち | self-government; autonomy local (governmental) autonomy |
| 実感 | じっかん | real feeling; actual feeling to actually feel; to have a real feeling (that ...); to experience personally |
| 実習 | じっしゅう | practice (in the field); training (esp. practical and hands-on); practical exercise; drill |
| 実績 | じっせき | achievements; actual results; accomplishments; past results; track record |
| 実物 | じつぶつ | real thing; original; actual |
| 実用 | じつよう | practical use; utility |
| 実力 | じつりょく | (real) ability; true strength; merit; efficiency; competency arms; force |
| 実例 | じつれい | example; illustration; precedent |
| 児童 | じどう | children; juvenile |
| 地盤 | じばん | ground; crust (earth); bed (gravel, river, etc.) foundation (building, etc.); base constituency; power base; support (electoral); footing; foothold |
| 弱点 | じゃくてん | weak point; weakness; shortcoming; defect; flaw; sore spot; tender spot |
| 蛇口 | じゃぐち | faucet; tap Jaguchi |
| じゃん拳 | じゃんけん | rock-paper-scissors (game); janken |
| ジャーナリスト | journalist | |
| 重体 | じゅうたい | serious condition; critical condition |
| 絨毯 | じゅうたん | carpet; rug; runner |
| 重点 | じゅうてん | important point; emphasis; stress; importance; priority iteration mark colon (punctuation) |
| 重役 | じゅうやく | (company) director; executive; top management important post; role with heavy responsibilities |
| 重量 | じゅうりょう | weight |
| 重力 | じゅうりょく | gravity; gravitation; gravitational pull |
| 熟語 | じゅくご | kanji compound idiom; idiomatic phrase |
| 受験 | じゅけん | taking an examination (esp. for entrance to a school or university) |
| 述語 | じゅつご | predicate predicate |
| 受話器 | じゅわき | (telephone) receiver |
| 循環 | じゅんかん | circulation; rotation; cycle; loop |
| 巡査 | じゅんさ | police officer; policeman; constable |
| 順々 | じゅんじゅん | in order; in turn |
| 順序 | じゅんじょ | order; sequence procedure |
| 純情 | じゅんじょう | pure heart; naivete; innocence |
| 純粋 | じゅんすい | pure; true; genuine; unmixed |
| 蒸気 | じょうき | steam; vapour; vapor steamboat; steam locomotive |
| 上級 | じょうきゅう | upper level; upper grade; high rank; advanced level; senior level; upper class |
| 定規 | じょうぎ | (measuring) ruler |
| 上下 | じょうげ | top and bottom; high and low; above and below; upper and lower ends; up and down going up and down; rising and falling; fluctuating going and coming back |
| 乗車 | じょうしゃ | boarding (a train, bus, etc.); getting into (e.g. a taxi) |
| 蒸発 | じょうはつ | evaporation disappearance (of a person); vanishing without a trace |
| 助教授 | じょきょうじゅ | assistant professor; associate professor |
| 人造 | じんぞう | artificial; man-made; imitation; synthetic |
| 人文科学 | じんぶんかがく | humanities; arts |
| 人命 | じんめい | (human) life |
| 酢 | す | vinegar |
| 水産 | すいさん | aquatic products; fisheries |
| 水蒸気 | すいじょうき | water vapour; water vapor; steam |
| 水素 | すいそ | hydrogen (H) |
| 垂直 | すいちょく | vertical perpendicular |
| 推定 | すいてい | presumption; assumption estimation |
| 水滴 | すいてき | drop of water vessel for replenishing inkstone water |
| 水筒 | すいとう | canteen; flask; water bottle; thermos |
| 水分 | すいぶん | water; liquid; fluid; moisture; humidity; sap; juice |
| 水平 | すいへい | horizontal; level; even |
| 水平線 | すいへいせん | horizon (related to bodies of water) |
| 水曜 | すいよう | Wednesday |
| 末っ子 | すえっこ | youngest child |
| スカーフ | scarf (esp. a lightweight summer scarf worn by women) | |
| 好き嫌い | すききらい | likes and dislikes; tastes; preferences; pickiness (esp. about food); choosiness; fussiness |
| 好き好き | すきずき | matter of taste |
| 透き通る | すきとおる | to be transparent; to be see-through; to be clear to be clear (of a voice or sound) |
| 隙間 | すきま | gap; opening; aperture; crevice; crack; chink; space spare moment; interval; break unguarded moment; carelessness; chink in one's armor; weak spot |
| 杉 | すぎ | Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) |
| 少なくとも | すくなくとも | at least |
| スクール | school | |
| スケジュール | schedule; program; calendar | |
| 鈴 | すず | bell (often globular) |
| スタート | start; beginning starting (e.g. a race); departing; starting point; starting line | |
| スチュワーデス | stewardess; (female) flight attendant | |
| すっきり | refreshingly; with a feeling of relief; pleasantly; (a weight) off one's shoulder shapely; neatly; refinedly cleanly; without trouble | |
| 酸っぱい | すっぱい | sour; acid |
| ステージ | stage (platform) performance; show stage (phase); part | |
| ストッキング | stockings | |
| ストップ | stop | |
| 素直 | すなお | obedient; meek; docile; unaffected honest; frank; upfront (about one's feelings) straight (e.g. hair) |
| スピーカー | speaker | |
| 住まい | すまい | dwelling; house; residence; address living; life |
| 済まない | すまない | inexcusable; unjustifiable; unpardonable sorry; remorseful; apologetic; conscience-stricken; contrite excuse me; (I'm) sorry; thank you |
| スマート | smart (clothing, etc.); stylish slim; slender skilful; slick; clever; adroit | |
| 墨 | すみ | sumi; India ink; Chinese ink; ink stick; ink-cake squid ink; octopus ink carpenter's inking string |
| 澄む | すむ | to become clear (water, air, etc.); to become transparent to resonate clearly (e.g. voice) to become serene; to become tranquil; to be free of worries |
| 相撲 | すもう | sumo (wrestling) sumo wrestler; rikishi |
| スライド | slide (for projection); transparency (microscope) slide to slide; to slip | |
| 刷る | する | to print to color or pattern fabric using a wooden mold |
| すれ違う | すれちがう | to pass (by) each other; to brush past to miss (meeting) each other; to fail to meet to be at odds; to clash; to be in conflict |
| 寸法 | すんぽう | measurement; size; extent; dimension plan; intention; arrangement; schedule |
| 随筆 | ずいひつ | essays; miscellaneous writings; literary jottings |
| 図々しい | ずうずうしい | impudent; shameless; brazen; forward; audacious; cheeky |
| 図鑑 | ずかん | pictorial book; picture book; illustrated reference book; identification manual; field guide |
| 図形 | ずけい | figure; shape; graphic |
| 頭脳 | ずのう | head; brains intellect; understanding |
| 図表 | ずひょう | chart; diagram; graph; figure |
| ずらす | to shift; to move; to slide to move (an appointment, meeting, etc.); to bring forward; to put back; to put off; to delay; to postpone; to stagger (e.g. working hours) | |
| ずらり | in a row; in a line | |
| 狡い | ずるい | sly; cunning; sneaky; crafty; unfair; dishonest miserly; mean; stingy |
| 姓 | せい | surname; family name hereditary title (used in ancient Japan to denote rank and political standing) |
| 制作 | せいさく | work (film, book) production; creation; turning (something) out; development |
| 製作 | せいさく | manufacture; production production (of a film, play, TV show, etc.) |
| 清書 | せいしょ | fair copy; clean copy |
| 青少年 | せいしょうねん | young people; youth; the younger generation |
| 整数 | せいすう | integer |
| 清掃 | せいそう | cleaning; clean-up; garbage collection; scavenging |
| 生存 | せいぞん | existence; being; life; survival |
| 生長 | せいちょう | growth (of a plant) |
| 政党 | せいとう | political party |
| 生年月日 | せいねんがっぴ | birth date; date of birth; DOB |
| 性能 | せいのう | ability; performance; efficiency |
| 整備 | せいび | maintenance; servicing putting in place; development; improvement; preparation; provision; equipping; outfitting |
| 成分 | せいぶん | ingredient; component; composition |
| 性別 | せいべつ | (distinction of) sex; gender |
| 正方形 | せいほうけい | square |
| 正門 | せいもん | main gate; main entrance Seimon |
| 成立 | せいりつ | formation; establishment; materialization; coming into existence conclusion (e.g. of a deal); reaching (e.g. an agreement); approval; completion; closing; enacting; arrangement being valid (of a theory, argument, etc.); holding; applying |
| 西暦 | せいれき | Common Era; CE; Christian Era; anno domini; AD Western (Gregorian) calendar |
| 背負う | せおう | to carry on one's back to be burdened with; to take responsibility for to have (something) in the background; to be in front (of something) |
| 赤道 | せきどう | equator |
| 折角 | せっかく | with trouble; at great pains rare; valuable; precious; long-awaited kind; generous |
| 接近 | せっきん | getting closer; drawing nearer; approaching being not much different; being near (age, skill, etc.) becoming close (i.e. friendly); becoming intimate |
| 接する | せっする | to touch; to come in contact with; to border on; to adjoin; to be adjacent; to be close to receive (e.g. visitor); to attend to; to serve; to take care of; to look after; to act towards; to deal with; to see to receive (news); to get; to hear |
| せっせと | diligently; assiduously; industriously; beavering away | |
| 接続 | せつぞく | connection; attachment; union; join; joint; link changing trains conjunction |
| 瀬戸物 | せともの | earthenware; porcelain; china; pottery; crockery Setomono |
| 迫る | せまる | to approach; to draw near; to be imminent to press (someone for something); to urge; to compel |
| 攻め手 | せめて | offense; offence; method of attack |
| 攻める | せめる | to attack; to assault; to assail |
| セメント | cement | |
| 栓 | せん | stopper; cork; plug; bung tap; faucet; stopcock |
| 洗剤 | せんざい | detergent; cleanser; cleaning agent; washing material |
| 扇子 | せんす | folding fan |
| 専制 | せんせい | despotism; autocracy |
| 先々月 | せんせんげつ | month before last |
| 先々週 | せんせんしゅう | week before last |
| 先祖 | せんぞ | ancestor; forefather; foremother |
| センチ | centimeter; centimetre centi-; 10^-2 sentimental | |
| 宣伝 | せんでん | publicity; advertisement; advertising; propaganda |
| 先頭 | せんとう | head (of a line, group, etc.); front; lead; forefront; vanguard |
| 扇風機 | せんぷうき | electric fan |
| 税関 | ぜいかん | customs; customs house |
| 是非とも | ぜひとも | by all means; at all costs; absolutely |
| ゼミ | seminar | |
| 前後 | ぜんご | front and rear; front and back; before and behind; back and forth before and after around; about; approximately |
| 全般 | ぜんぱん | (the) whole as a whole; in general; at large |
| そう言えば | そういえば | now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which |
| 倉庫 | そうこ | storehouse; warehouse; godown |
| 相互 | そうご | mutual; reciprocal Sougo |
| 創作 | そうさく | creation; production; creative work (novel, film, etc.); original work; (creative) writing fabrication; fiction; invention |
| 葬式 | そうしき | funeral |
| 騒々しい | そうぞうしい | noisy; loud; boisterous; clamorous; raucous turbulent; unsettled; restless |
| 送別 | そうべつ | farewell; send-off |
| 総理大臣 | そうりだいじん | prime minister (as the head of a cabinet government); premier |
| 速達 | そくたつ | express; special delivery |
| 測定 | そくてい | measurement |
| 速力 | そくりょく | speed |
| 素質 | そしつ | makings (of); aptitude; talent; qualities nature; character; temperament |
| 祖先 | そせん | ancestor |
| そそっかしい | careless; thoughtless; hasty; rash | |
| 率直 | そっちょく | frank; candid; straightforward; openhearted; direct; outspoken |
| そっと | softly; gently; quietly; lightly stealthily; secretly; in secret to leave alone; to leave as it is | |
| その上 | そのうえ | in addition; furthermore above (which); on top of (which) |
| その頃 | そのころ | at that time; in those days; at that moment; then |
| その為 | そのため | hence; for that reason |
| その他 | そのほか | the rest; the others in addition (to that); besides that; other than that; and other ... and so forth; and the like; and what have you; et cetera |
| 蕎麦 | そば | buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) soba; Japanese buckwheat noodles Chinese-style wheat noodles |
| 剃る | そる | to shave |
| それなのに | and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless; for all that; notwithstanding that | |
| 逸れる | それる | to turn away; to bear off; to veer away; to swerve from; to miss (e.g. a target) to deviate (e.g. of a conversation); to digress; to go astray; to wander |
| 揃う | そろう | to be complete; to be all present; to make a full set; to be satisfied (of conditions) to be equal; to be uniform; to be even; to match; to agree to gather; to assemble; to be collected |
| 揃える | そろえる | to collect; to gather; to get together; to complete (a collection) to arrange; to put in order; to prepare; to get ready to make uniform; to make even; to match |
| 算盤 | そろばん | abacus; soroban calculation (esp. of profit and loss); reckoning |
| 損得 | そんとく | loss and gain; advantage and disadvantage |
| 雑巾 | ぞうきん | house-cloth; dust cloth |
| 増減 | ぞうげん | increase and decrease; fluctuation |
| 造船 | ぞうせん | shipbuilding |
| 草履 | ぞうり | zori; traditional Japanese thonged sandals |
| 属する | ぞくする | to belong to; to come under; to be affiliated with; to be subject to |
| 続々 | ぞくぞく | successively; one after another |
| 存じる | ぞんじる | to know; to be aware (of); to be acquainted (with) to think; to consider; to believe; to feel |
| 存ずる | ぞんずる | to know; to be aware (of); to be acquainted (with) to think; to consider; to believe; to feel |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| タイア | tire; tyre | |
| 体系 | たいけい | system; organization; organisation; architecture |
| 太鼓 | たいこ | drum |
| 対策 | たいさく | measure; step; countermeasure; counterplan; countermove; strategy; preparation (e.g. for a test) |
| 大して | たいして | (not) very; (not) so; (not) very much; (not) particularly; (not) especially |
| 対照 | たいしょう | contrast; antithesis; comparison |
| 体制 | たいせい | order; system; structure; set-up; organization; organisation |
| 体積 | たいせき | capacity; volume |
| 体操 | たいそう | gymnastics; physical exercises artistic gymnastics; gymnastics competition physical education (class); PE |
| 大層 | たいそう | very; extremely; exceedingly; greatly; terribly extreme; excessive; great many; large number of splendid; impressive; tremendous; immense |
| 大木 | たいぼく | large tree |
| 対立 | たいりつ | confrontation; opposition; antagonism |
| 田植え | たうえ | rice planting |
| 絶えず | たえず | constantly; always; continually; steadily |
| 耐える | たえる | to bear; to stand; to endure; to put up with to support; to withstand; to resist; to brave to be fit for; to be equal to |
| 高める | たかめる | to raise; to lift; to boost; to enhance |
| 耕す | たがやす | to till; to plow; to plough; to cultivate |
| 滝 | たき | waterfall rapids |
| 炊く | たく | to cook (grains, e.g. rice) to boil; to simmer; to stew; to seethe to get angry; to snap |
| 焚く | たく | to burn; to kindle; to light (a fire); to make (a fire) to heat (a bath); to light (a stove); to stoke (a boiler) to use (a camera flash) |
| 蓄える | たくわえる | to store; to save up; to stock up on; to lay in stock; to set aside to accumulate (e.g. knowledge); to build up (e.g. experience); to develop (e.g. one's skills) to grow (a beard, moustache, etc.); to wear |
| 竹 | たけ | bamboo (any grass of subfamily Bambusoideae) middle (of a three-tier ranking system) |
| 助かる | たすかる | to be saved; to be rescued; to survive to escape harm; to be spared damage to be helped; to be saved trouble |
| 畳む | たたむ | to fold (clothes, umbrella) to close (a shop, business) to vacate |
| 但し | ただし | but; however; provided that |
| 立ち止まる | たちどまる | to stop (in one's tracks); to come to a stop; to halt; to pause; to stand still |
| 忽ち | たちまち | in an instant; in a moment; immediately; right away; at once suddenly; all of a sudden; all at once |
| 建つ | たつ | to be erected; to be built |
| 例える | たとえる | to compare (something) to; to liken; to speak figuratively; to use a simile; to use a metaphor |
| 頼もしい | たのもしい | reliable; dependable; trustworthy; reassuring hopeful; promising |
| 足袋 | たび | tabi; traditional split-toe socks |
| 溜まる | たまる | to collect; to gather; to save; to accumulate; to pile up |
| ため息 | ためいき | sigh |
| 躊躇う | ためらう | to hesitate; to waver |
| 溜める | ためる | to amass; to accumulate; to store to leave unpaid |
| 足る | たる | to be sufficient; to be enough to be worth doing; to be worthy of; to deserve to do (the job); to serve; to answer |
| 短期 | たんき | short-term |
| 炭鉱 | たんこう | coal mine; (coal) pit; colliery coal-mine shaft |
| 短所 | たんしょ | defect; demerit; weak point; disadvantage |
| 箪笥 | たんす | chest of drawers; bureau; cabinet; tansu; dresser Tansu |
| 淡水 | たんすい | fresh water (i.e. not salt water) |
| 単数 | たんすう | single; one singular (number) |
| 短編 | たんぺん | short (e.g. story, film) |
| 田んぼ | たんぼ | paddy field; farm |
| ダイアグラム | diagram | |
| 大工 | だいく | carpenter |
| 大小 | だいしょう | size large and small (sizes); various sizes daishō (matched pair of long and short swords) |
| 題名 | だいめい | title; caption; heading |
| 代名詞 | だいめいし | pronoun synonym; classic example; pattern; byword; representative |
| ダイヤモンド | diamond diamond; infield diamonds (suit) | |
| ダイヤル | dial (e.g. telephone, radio, clock, gauge) | |
| 楕円 | だえん | ellipse; oval |
| 脱線 | だっせん | derailment digression; deviation |
| 妥当 | だとう | valid; proper; right; appropriate; reasonable |
| ダブル | double double bed; hotel room with a double bed double-breasted | |
| 騙す | だます | to trick; to cheat; to deceive; to swindle; to dupe to coax; to wheedle; to soothe; to calm |
| ダム | dam Ad Dam (Saudi Arabia); Damme (Belgium); Damm | |
| だらしない | slovenly (appearance, work, etc.); sloppy; untidy; undisciplined; careless; loose; slack weak; feeble; weak-willed; cowardly; gutless | |
| 段階 | だんかい | stage; step; phase level; rank; grade; gradation order |
| 断水 | だんすい | suspension of water supply; water outage |
| 団地 | だんち | multi-unit apartments; apartment complex |
| 誓う | ちかう | to swear; to vow; to take an oath; to pledge |
| 地下水 | ちかすい | underground water |
| 近づける | ちかづける | to bring near; to bring close; to let go near to associate with; to bring (people) together; to let come near (of a person) |
| 近寄る | ちかよる | to approach; to draw near |
| 力強い | ちからづよい | powerful; strong; forceful; vigorous reassuring; encouraging |
| 千切る | ちぎる | to tear to pieces; to tear to shreds; to tear up to pick (e.g. fruit); to pluck; to tear off to do ... heavily; to do ... heartily; to do ... vigorously |
| 地質 | ちしつ | geological features |
| 知人 | ちじん | friend; acquaintance |
| 地帯 | ちたい | zone; area; belt; region |
| 縮む | ちぢむ | to shrink; to contract; to diminish (in size) |
| 縮める | ちぢめる | to shorten; to reduce; to condense; to shrink to crumple (fabric); to wrinkle to make (one's body) smaller; to draw in (one's legs); to duck (one's head) |
| 縮れる | ちぢれる | to be wavy; to be curled; to be frizzled |
| チップ | tip; gratuity foul tip tip (of a ballpoint pen) | |
| 地点 | ちてん | spot; point; place; position |
| 地名 | ちめい | place name; toponym |
| 茶色い | ちゃいろい | light brown; tawny |
| 着々 | ちゃくちゃく | steadily |
| 中間 | ちゅうかん | middle; midway; halfway; centre; center middle position; moderate position; neutral position; middle-of-the-road position interim; intermediary; intermediate; midterm |
| 抽象 | ちゅうしょう | abstraction |
| 中旬 | ちゅうじゅん | middle ten days of a month; 11th to 20th day of a month |
| 中世 | ちゅうせい | Middle Ages (in Japan esp. the Kamakura and Muromachi periods); medieval times; mediaeval times |
| 中性 | ちゅうせい | neutrality (incl. chemical, electrical, etc.); indifference sexlessness; androgyny; androgyne; neuter neuter gender |
| 中途 | ちゅうと | halfway; midway; partway; mid-course |
| 中年 | ちゅうねん | middle-age; middle age; midlife; one's middle years |
| 超過 | ちょうか | excess; surplus; exceeding (a limit, estimate, etc.); going over |
| 彫刻 | ちょうこく | carving; engraving; sculpture |
| 長所 | ちょうしょ | strong point; merit; virtue; advantage Chousho |
| 長女 | ちょうじょ | eldest daughter; first-born daughter |
| 調整 | ちょうせい | adjustment; regulation; coordination; reconciliation; tuning; fixing; tailoring |
| 調節 | ちょうせつ | regulation; adjustment; control |
| 長短 | ちょうたん | (relative) length advantages and disadvantages; pluses and minuses; strong and weak points; merits and demerits |
| 頂点 | ちょうてん | vertex; apex top (e.g. of a mountain); summit; peak top (of a profession, field, etc.); summit |
| 長男 | ちょうなん | eldest son (may be the only son); first-born son |
| 長方形 | ちょうほうけい | rectangle; oblong |
| 調味料 | ちょうみりょう | seasoning; flavoring; flavouring; condiment |
| 直後 | ちょくご | immediately following |
| 直線 | ちょくせん | straight line |
| 直前 | ちょくぜん | just before; just prior to right in front of; just in front of |
| 直流 | ちょくりゅう | direct current; DC |
| 貯蔵 | ちょぞう | storage; preservation |
| 直角 | ちょっかく | right angle |
| 直径 | ちょっけい | diameter |
| チョーク | chalk | |
| 散らかす | ちらかす | to scatter around; to leave untidy; to make a mess |
| 散らかる | ちらかる | to be in disorder; to lie scattered around |
| 散らす | ちらす | to scatter; to cause a shower of to disperse; to distribute; to spread to resolve (a symptom, condition, etc.); to relieve; to get rid of; to cure |
| ちり紙 | ちりがみ | tissue paper; toilet paper |
| 散る | ちる | to fall (e.g. blossoms, leaves) to scatter; to be dispersed to disappear; to dissolve; to break up |
| 追加 | ついか | addition; supplement; appending; appendix |
| 序で | ついで | opportunity; occasion; chance order; sequence successor |
| 通貨 | つうか | currency |
| 通勤 | つうきん | commuting to work |
| 通ずる | つうずる | to be open (to traffic); to lead to; to communicate (with) to flow (liquid, current); to pass; to get through to to be understood; to be comprehended |
| 通知 | つうち | notice; notification; report; posting notification (on a smartphone, PC, etc.) |
| 通帳 | つうちょう | passbook; bankbook |
| 通訳 | つうやく | interpretation (i.e. oral translation) interpreter |
| 通路 | つうろ | passage; pathway; roadway; avenue; aisle |
| 付き合う | つきあう | to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go steady with; to get on with to go along with; to follow someone's lead; to accompany someone; to compromise |
| 突き当たり | つきあたり | end (of a street, hallway, etc.) |
| 突き当たる | つきあたる | to run into; to collide with; to crash into; to bump against to come to the end of (a street) to run into (difficulties, problems, etc.); to run up against |
| 点く | つく | to be lit (of a lamp, burner, etc.); to catch fire; to ignite; to start burning to be turned on (of a light, appliance, etc.); to come on |
| 突く | つく | to prick; to stab to poke; to prod; to push; to thrust; to nudge; to hit; to strike to use (a cane); to prop oneself up with; to press against (the floor, etc.) |
| 次ぐ | つぐ | to follow; to come after; to come next (to); to rank next (to); to rank second (to) |
| 点ける | つける | to turn on; to switch on; to light up |
| 伝わる | つたわる | to spread (of a rumour, news, etc.); to travel; to circulate; to go around; to be passed around; to become known to be handed down (from generation to generation); to be passed down to be introduced (to a country, region, etc.); to be brought; to come |
| 突っ込む | つっこむ | to thrust (something) into (something); to cram; to stuff; to shove to plunge into; to charge into; to rush into; to ram into; to crash into to delve into (a matter); to go into depth; to get to the heart (of something) |
| 努める | つとめる | to endeavor (to do); to endeavour; to try hard; to work hard; to strive; to make an effort; to exert oneself; to devote oneself; to be committed (to doing) |
| 綱 | つな | rope; cord; line grand champion's braided belt |
| 繋がり | つながり | connection; link; relationship |
| 繋がる | つながる | to be tied together; to be connected to; to be linked to to lead to; to be related to to be related (by blood) |
| 繋げる | つなげる | to connect to tie; to fasten to transfer (phone call) |
| 粒 | つぶ | grain; bead; drop counter for small round objects including grains, seeds, pills, drops |
| 潰す | つぶす | to smash; to crush; to flatten to shut down; to put out of business; to force (a company) to close up shop to wreck; to break; to block; to thwart |
| 潰れる | つぶれる | to be crushed; to be squashed; to be smashed; to be destroyed; to be broken; to collapse to go bankrupt; to go under; to fail; to collapse to be ruined (of a plan); to be cancelled; to collapse (e.g. of a project); to fall through; to blow up |
| 躓く | つまずく | to trip (over); to stumble to fail; to suffer a setback |
| 詰まる | つまる | to be packed (with); to be filled; to be full (e.g. of a schedule) to be blocked (of a pipe, nose, etc.); to be clogged; to be stopped up to be become shorter; to shrink; to narrow |
| 積む | つむ | to pile up; to stack to load (car, ship, etc.); to pack to acquire; to accumulate |
| 爪 | つめ | nail (e.g. fingernail, toenail); claw; talon; hoof plectrum; pick hook; clasp |
| 艶 | つや | gloss; luster; lustre; shine; sheen; polish mellowness (of a voice); youthfulness (e.g. of skin) interest; appeal; charm; color; colour; feeling |
| 強気 | つよき | confident; assured; self-assured; firm; strong; cocksure bullish |
| 釣り合う | つりあう | to balance; to be in harmony; to be in equilibrium to suit; to go well together; to be a good match |
| 吊る | つる | to hang; to suspend; to sling; to wear (e.g. a sword); to put up (e.g. a shelf) to hang oneself to hoist an opponent off of his feet by his loincloth |
| 吊るす | つるす | to hang; to hang up |
| 手洗い | てあらい | washing one's hands; water (or basin, etc.) for washing one's hands restroom; lavatory; toilet hand-washing (laundry, etc.) |
| 定員 | ていいん | fixed number (of people); prescribed number (of regular personnel, students, etc.); quota; numerical limit; complement capacity (of a bus, boat, theatre, etc.); seating capacity |
| 低下 | ていか | fall; decline; lowering; deterioration; degradation |
| 定価 | ていか | list price; regular price; established price |
| 定期券 | ていきけん | commuter pass; season ticket |
| 停止 | ていし | stoppage; coming to a stop; halt; standstill ceasing (movement, activity, etc.); suspension (of operations); interruption (e.g. of electricity supply); cutting off suspension (of payment, a licence, etc.); (temporary) prohibition; ban |
| 停車 | ていしゃ | stopping (of a train, car, etc.); stop |
| 手入れ | ていれ | care; looking after; repair; maintenance; tending; trimming; grooming (police) raid; crackdown |
| 的確 | てきかく | accurate; precise; exact; appropriate; apt; right |
| 手首 | てくび | wrist |
| 手ごろ | てごろ | handy; convenient suitable; reasonable; moderate |
| 手帳 | てちょう | notebook; memo pad; (pocket) diary certificate identification card |
| 鉄橋 | てっきょう | railway bridge; iron bridge |
| 鉄砲 | てっぽう | gun wooden pole that wrestlers strike in practice puffer fish |
| 手続き | てつづき | procedure; process; proceedings; formalities |
| テニスコート | tennis court | |
| 手ぬぐい | てぬぐい | (hand) towel |
| 手前 | てまえ | before oneself; in front of one; nearby a bit before reaching (a location); this side (of a location) one's standpoint; one's appearance; face; honour |
| 照らす | てらす | to shine on; to illuminate to compare (with); to refer to |
| 照る | てる | to shine to look slightly upward (of a noh mask; indicating joy, etc.) |
| 展開 | てんかい | development; evolution; progression; unfolding; (plot) twist expansion; spreading out; extending; deployment; building up expansion (of an algebraic expression) |
| 点数 | てんすう | marks; points; score; grade; runs (baseball) number of items; number of articles |
| 転々 | てんてん | moving from place to place; being passed around repeatedly rolling about |
| 点々 | てんてん | here and there; little by little; sporadically; scattered in drops dots; spots |
| 天皇 | てんのう | Emperor of Japan Tennou |
| テンポ | tempo | |
| テーマ | theme; topic; subject matter; motif; project; slogan | |
| 出入り | でいり | going in and out; entering and exiting visiting regularly; frequenting; having regular dealings with income and expenditure; incomings and outgoings |
| 出入り口 | でいりぐち | exit and entrance |
| 出来上がり | できあがり | completion; finish workmanship; result; outcome |
| 出来上がる | できあがる | to be completed; to be finished; to be ready (e.g. to serve or eat) to be very drunk; to get plastered |
| 出鱈目 | でたらめ | nonsense; irresponsible remark; codswallop; hogwash; rubbish random; haphazard; unsystematic |
| 出迎え | でむかえ | meeting; reception |
| 出迎える | でむかえる | to meet; to greet |
| 伝記 | でんき | biography; life story |
| 電球 | でんきゅう | light bulb |
| 電池 | でんち | battery; cell |
| 電柱 | でんちゅう | utility pole; power pole; telephone pole; telegraph pole |
| 電波 | でんぱ | radio wave; reception; signal saying strange things |
| 電流 | でんりゅう | electric current |
| 電力 | でんりょく | electric power |
| 問い合わせ | といあわせ | inquiry; query; enquiry |
| 統一 | とういつ | unity; consolidation; uniformity; unification; compatible |
| 統計 | とうけい | statistics |
| 峠 | とうげ | (mountain) pass; highest point on a mountain road; ridge peak (e.g. of summer); worst (e.g. of an illness); crisis; critical point; most difficult part |
| 東西 | とうざい | east and west Orient and Occident; East and West ladies and gentlemen!; your attention, please!; roll-up, roll-up |
| 投書 | とうしょ | letter (e.g. of complaint); letter to the editor; letter from a reader contribution (to a newspaper, magazine, etc.) |
| 灯台 | とうだい | lighthouse old-fashioned interior light fixture comprising a wooden pole with an oil-filled dish and a wick atop it |
| 盗難 | とうなん | theft; robbery |
| 当番 | とうばん | being on duty; person on duty; one's turn |
| 等分 | とうぶん | division into equal parts; equal parts |
| 透明 | とうめい | transparent; clear |
| 灯油 | とうゆ | kerosene; paraffin; lamp oil |
| 東洋 | とうよう | the East; the Orient; (East) Asia Japan |
| 通りかかる | とおりかかる | to happen to pass by |
| 溶かす | とかす | to dissolve to melt |
| 尖る | とがる | to taper to a point; to become pointed; to become sharp to be on edge; to be nervous; to be irritable; to be touchy to be sharp (of a voice, words, etc.); to be harsh; to be angry; to look displeased; to look sour |
| 溶く | とく | to dissolve (paint); to scramble (eggs); to melt (metal, etc.); to mix (water with flour, etc.) |
| 特殊 | とくしゅ | special; particular; peculiar; unique |
| 特色 | とくしょく | characteristic; feature; idiosyncrasy; personal colour spot color |
| 特長 | とくちょう | strong point; forte; merit; strength |
| 特定 | とくてい | specific; particular; designated; special specifying; designating; identifying; pinpointing |
| 特売 | とくばい | special sale; bargain sale |
| 溶け込む | とけこむ | to melt into; to dissolve into; to merge into to blend into (surroundings); to fit in; to adapt to; to integrate |
| 溶ける | とける | to melt; to thaw; to fuse to dissolve |
| 床の間 | とこのま | tokonoma (alcove where art or flowers are displayed) |
| 所々 | ところどころ | here and there; in places |
| 都心 | としん | city centre (esp. of Tokyo); heart of a city; downtown area |
| 戸棚 | とだな | cupboard; locker; closet; wardrobe; cabinet |
| 疾っくに | とっくに | long ago; a long time ago; already |
| 整う | ととのう | to be ready; to be prepared; to be arranged to be in order; to be put in order; to be well-ordered; to be well-proportioned; to be harmonious to be adjusted; to be regulated; to be refined (e.g. of a face) |
| 止まる | とどまる | to remain; to abide; to stay (in the one place) to be limited to; to be confined to; to only account for |
| 飛び込む | とびこむ | to jump in; to leap in; to plunge into; to dive to burst in; to barge in |
| 泊める | とめる | to give shelter to; to lodge; to put up; to accommodate |
| 兎も角 | ともかく | anyhow; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case; be that as it may apart from ...; setting ... aside |
| 取り入れる | とりいれる | to take in; to gather in to adopt (e.g. an idea); to accept (e.g. advice); to introduce (e.g. technology); to borrow (e.g. a word) to harvest; to reap; to gather in |
| 取り消す | とりけす | to cancel; to withdraw; to retract; to take back (words, etc.); to revoke |
| 取り出す | とりだす | to take out; to produce; to pick out to fetch; to retrieve |
| 捕る | とる | to catch (a wild animal, fish, insect, baseball, etc.); to capture |
| トレーニング | training (for a skill, job, sport, etc.); practice working out; workout; (strength, weight) training | |
| 銅 | どう | copper (Cu) bronze (medal) |
| 同格 | どうかく | the same rank; equality apposition |
| 動作 | どうさ | movement (of the body); action; motion; gesture bearing; carriage; behaviour; behavior; demeanour; demeanor operation (of a machine, software, etc.); running; working; functioning |
| どうせ | anyhow; in any case; at any rate; after all; at all; no matter what at best; at most | |
| どうぞ宜しく | どうぞよろしく | pleased to meet you; how do you do my regards (to someone); my greetings; best wishes; remember me to |
| 童話 | どうわ | children's story; fairy tale |
| ドキドキ | thump-thump; bang-bang; pit-a-pat; pitapat; pitter-patter to beat fast (of one's heart); to throb; to pound; to palpitate | |
| 退く | どく | to step aside; to move (i.e. out of the way); to make way to resign; to retire; to quit; to secede |
| どっと | bursting out (laughter); breaking out (applause); roaring; whooping in a rush; in a surge; flooding in; pouring in suddenly; all of a sudden | |
| 怒鳴る | どなる | to shout (in anger); to yell |
| 丼 | どんぶり | porcelain bowl donburi; bowl of meat, fish, etc. served over rice |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 内科 | ないか | internal medicine department of internal medicine |
| 内線 | ないせん | phone extension; indoor wiring; inner line |
| ナイロン | nylon | |
| 仲直り | なかなおり | reconciliation; making up (with); making peace (with); being friends again; patching up a quarrel |
| 中身 | なかみ | contents; interior; filling substance; content (sword) blade |
| 中指 | なかゆび | middle finger; long finger; second finger; tall finger middle toe; third toe |
| 仲良し | なかよし | close friendship; close friend; good friend; bosom buddy; chum; pal intimate relations; sexual intercourse; sex |
| 慰める | なぐさめる | to comfort; to console; to amuse |
| 殴る | なぐる | to strike; to hit; to beat; to punch |
| 成す | なす | to form; to make; to constitute to build up (e.g. a fortune); to create; to establish to accomplish; to achieve; to win (fame); to gain |
| 謎々 | なぞなぞ | riddle; puzzle; enigma |
| なだらか | gently sloping; gentle; gradual; easy smooth (process); gentle (e.g. tone of voice); slow (e.g. growth) | |
| 懐かしい | なつかしい | dear (old); fondly remembered; beloved; missed; nostalgic |
| 撫でる | なでる | to stroke; to caress; to brush gently; to pat; to rub to comb (hair); to smooth down |
| 斜め | ななめ | slanting; tilted; sloping; diagonal; oblique distorted (feeling); slanted (e.g. view of the world); bad (mood); amiss; awry |
| 何しろ | なにしろ | in any case; at any rate; anyhow; anyway; as you know; for you see; particularly because; since; for; after all |
| 何々 | なになに | what so-and-so; such and such; something (or other) what?; wait; hang on |
| 何分 | なにぶん | some; any; (a) little; of some kind; of some sort please anyway; anyhow; at any rate; after all |
| 生意気 | なまいき | impertinent; saucy; cheeky; impudent; audacious; cocky; pert; brash |
| 倣う | ならう | to imitate; to follow; to copy; to emulate |
| 鳴らす | ならす | to ring; to sound; to chime; to beat; to snort (nose); to snap (fingers); to crack (joints) to be popular; to be esteemed; to be reputed to state; to insist; to complain |
| 生る | なる | to bear fruit |
| 南極 | なんきょく | South Pole the Antarctic; Antarctica Antarctica; South Pole |
| 何となく | なんとなく | somehow or other; for some reason or another; without knowing why |
| 何とも | なんとも | really; very; extremely; terribly; awfully (not) anything; (not) at all; (not) a bit |
| ナンバー | number number plate; license plate | |
| 南米 | なんべい | South America Nanbei |
| 南北 | なんぼく | north and south; north to south South Korea and North Korea |
| 煮える | にえる | to be boiled; to be cooked |
| 匂う | におう | to be fragrant; to smell (good) to stink; to smell (bad) to glow; to be bright |
| 逃がす | にがす | to set free; to let go; to release to miss (e.g. a chance); to lose; to let get away; to fail to catch |
| 憎い | にくい | hateful; detestable; abominable; vexing; provoking amazing; fantastic; admirable; lovely; wonderful |
| 憎む | にくむ | to hate; to detest |
| 憎らしい | にくらしい | odious; hateful; detestable; horrible (speaking ironically) darling |
| ニコニコ | with a friendly grin; smilingly | |
| 虹 | にじ | rainbow |
| 日時 | にちじ | date and time (of a meeting, departure, etc.) days and hours |
| 日用品 | にちようひん | daily necessities |
| 日課 | にっか | daily routine; daily work; daily lesson |
| 日程 | にってい | schedule; program; programme; agenda |
| 鈍い | にぶい | dull (e.g. a knife); blunt thickheaded; obtuse; stupid dull (sound, color, etc.); dim (light) |
| 入社 | にゅうしゃ | joining a company; getting a job with a company; starting work at a company |
| 女房 | にょうぼう | wife (esp. one's own wife) court lady; female court attache; woman who served at the imperial palace woman (esp. as a love interest) |
| 睨む | にらむ | to glare at; to scowl at; to glower at to stare intensely at; to examine carefully to estimate; to guess; to suspect; to judge |
| 煮る | にる | to boil; to simmer; to stew; to seethe |
| 俄 | にわか | sudden; abrupt; unexpected; immediate; hasty; improvised; impromptu; offhand impromptu skit bandwagon fan; fair-weather fan |
| 滑る | ぬめる | to be slippery; to be slimy to behave charmingly; to walk merrily |
| 濡らす | ぬらす | to wet; to moisten; to dampen; to soak; to dip |
| ネジ | screw key (of a clock, watch, etc.); spring | |
| 捩る | ねじる | to twist; to screw; to wrench to sprain |
| ネックレス | necklace | |
| 熱する | ねっする | to heat; to heat up to get excited; to get worked up; to get fired up |
| 寝巻き | ねまき | nightclothes; nightwear; sleepwear; pyjamas; pajamas; nightgown; nightdress |
| 狙い | ねらい | aim |
| 狙う | ねらう | to aim at (with a weapon, etc.) to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to plan to make one's own to aim for; to set up as a goal |
| 年度 | ねんど | fiscal year (usu. April 1 to March 31 in Japan); financial year academic year; school year product year |
| 農産物 | のうさんぶつ | agricultural produce |
| 農村 | のうそん | agricultural community; farm village rural |
| 濃度 | のうど | concentration; density cardinality |
| 農薬 | のうやく | agricultural chemical (i.e. pesticide, herbicide, fungicide, etc.); agrochemical; agrichemical |
| 能率 | のうりつ | efficiency moment |
| 退ける | のける | to put something out of the way; to move (something, someone) aside to remove; to exclude; to take away to set aside; to keep apart |
| 鋸 | のこぎり | saw musical saw Nokogiri |
| 残らず | のこらず | all; entirely; completely; without exception |
| 覗く | のぞく | to peek (through a keyhole, gap, etc.) to look down into (a ravine, etc.) to peek into (a shop, bookstore, etc.) |
| 上り | のぼり | ascent; climbing; ascending (path); climb up-train; train heading toward the starting point of its route upbound (esp. toward Tokyo) |
| 乗り換え | のりかえ | transfer (trains, buses, etc.); change; connection switch (to another ideology, party, system, method, etc.); change; conversion switching (stock) |
| 載る | のる | to be placed on; to be set on; to be piled on; to be loaded on to appear (in print); to be mentioned; to be recorded; to be reported; to be given |
| のろのろ | slowly; sluggishly | |
| 呑気 | のんき | easy; easygoing; carefree; happy-go-lucky; optimistic; leisurely; careless; thoughtless |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 灰色 | はいいろ | grey; gray; ashen |
| 俳句 | はいく | haiku; 17-mora poem, usu. in 3 lines of 5, 7 and 5 morae |
| 這う | はう | to crawl; to creep; to go on all fours to slither; to wriggle to trail (of vines, flowers, etc.); to spread; to creep |
| 生える | はえる | to grow; to spring up; to sprout to cut (teeth) |
| 秤 | はかり | scales; weighing machine |
| 剥がす | はがす | to tear off; to peel off; to rip off; to strip off; to skin; to flay; to disrobe; to deprive of; to detach; to disconnect |
| はきはき | briskly; smartly; promptly; clearly; lucidly | |
| 掃く | はく | to sweep; to brush; to clean to gather silkworms |
| 歯車 | はぐるま | gear; cogwheel cog (in an organization, company, etc.); cog in the machine |
| 挟まる | はさまる | to get between; to be caught in |
| 挟む | はさむ | to hold between (e.g. one's fingers, chopsticks); to grip (from both sides) to put between; to sandwich between; to insert; to interpose to catch (e.g. a finger in a door); to trap; to pinch |
| 梯子 | はしご | ladder stairs going to several places in succession (e.g. barhopping) |
| 初めに | はじめに | first; firstly; first of all; to begin with; in the beginning; at the beginning Introduction; Preface |
| 初めまして | はじめまして | nice to meet you; I'm glad to make your acquaintance; how do you do? |
| 斜 | はす | diagonal |
| 外れる | はずれる | to be disconnected; to get out of place; to be off; to be out (e.g. of gear) to miss the mark; to get it wrong (e.g. guess, expectation); to draw a blank (e.g. lottery) to be removed; to be excluded |
| 果たして | はたして | as was expected; just as one thought; sure enough really; actually; ever |
| 肌着 | はだぎ | underwear; underclothes; lingerie; chemise; singlet |
| 鉢 | はち | bowl; pot; basin flowerpot crown; brainpan |
| 発揮 | はっき | show (of power, ability, etc.); exhibition; demonstration; display; manifestation |
| 発射 | はっしゃ | firing (esp. a rocket or missile); launching; shooting; discharge; catapult ejaculation |
| 発想 | はっそう | idea; conception way of thinking; approach expression |
| 発電 | はつでん | generation of electricity; power generation sending a telegram; telegraphing |
| 派手 | はで | showy; loud; flashy; gaudy |
| 話し合い | はなしあい | discussion; talk; tête-à-tête; conference |
| 話しかける | はなしかける | to address (someone); to accost a person; to talk (to someone) to begin to talk; to start a conversation |
| 話し中 | はなしちゅう | busy (phone) in talks; discussion underway |
| 花火 | はなび | fireworks |
| 花嫁 | はなよめ | bride |
| 放れる | はなれる | to get free (from); to be freed; to be released |
| 破片 | はへん | fragment; broken piece; splinter; chip; shard |
| 歯磨き | はみがき | dental brushing; brushing one's teeth dentifrice; toothpaste; tooth powder |
| 嵌める | はめる | to fit (e.g. a pane into a frame); to insert (e.g. a cork); to fasten (a button) to put on (something that envelops; e.g. a ring, gloves); to place (a hoop) around; to attach (e.g. a hose to a tap) to pigeonhole (into a particular category); to force (into a mold); to place (restrictions) on |
| 流行る | はやる | to be popular; to come into fashion to be prevalent; to spread widely (e.g. disease); to be endemic to flourish; to thrive |
| 払い込む | はらいこむ | to deposit; to pay in |
| 払い戻す | はらいもどす | to repay; to pay back; to refund; to reimburse |
| 針金 | はりがね | wire |
| 張り切る | はりきる | to be in high spirits; to be full of vigor (vigour); to be enthusiastic; to be eager; to stretch to breaking point |
| 反映 | はんえい | reflection (of light) reflection (of society, attitudes, etc.) application (of an update, changes, etc.); taking effect |
| 半径 | はんけい | radius |
| 判子 | はんこ | seal (used in lieu of a signature); stamp; chop |
| 判事 | はんじ | judge; judiciary |
| 反省 | はんせい | reflection; reconsideration; introspection; meditation; contemplation regret; repentance; remorse; being sorry |
| ハンドル | handle steering wheel handlebar; handlebars | |
| 売買 | ばいばい | trade; buying and selling; trafficking (e.g. of humans, arms, drugs); dealing |
| バイバイ | bye-bye; goodbye saying goodbye; parting | |
| 馬鹿らしい | ばからしい | absurd; foolish; stupid; silly; nonsense; ludicrous; preposterous; laughable; ridiculous |
| 馬穴 | バケツ | bucket; pail |
| バック | doggy style (sexual position) back; rear background; backdrop | |
| 発条 | ばね | spring (device) spring (in one's legs); bounce springboard; impetus |
| バランス | balance Valence (France); Vallance | |
| 万歳 | ばんざい | banzai; hurray; hurrah; hooray something to cheer about; something worthy of celebration giving up; throwing one's hands up |
| 番地 | ばんち | house number; address |
| バンド | band (group of musicians) band (material); strap; (watch) bracelet belt (clothing) | |
| パターン | pattern behavioural pattern; behavioral pattern; predictability; force of habit Patan (Nepal) | |
| パンツ | underpants; pants; briefs; panties; shorts; knickers trousers (esp. women's); jodhpurs; breeches; pants; trunks (e.g. swimming) | |
| 日当たり | ひあたり | exposure to the sun; sunny place per day |
| 比較的 | ひかくてき | comparatively; relatively |
| 日陰 | ひかげ | shade; shadow sunshine; sunlight |
| 引き受ける | ひきうける | to take on; to undertake; to accept; to take charge of; to assume responsibility for to take over; to inherit to guarantee; to vouch for |
| 引き返す | ひきかえす | to turn back; to go back; to come back; to return; to retrace one's steps |
| 引き算 | ひきざん | subtraction |
| 引き止める | ひきとめる | to detain; to check; to restrain; to stop |
| 引き分け | ひきわけ | draw (in competition); tie game |
| 日差し | ひざし | sunlight; rays of the Sun |
| 肘 | ひじ | elbow |
| 引っかかる | ひっかかる | to be caught in; to be stuck in to stop by; to drop in for a short visit; to be delayed; to take time to get mixed up in (trouble); to get entangled in (a problem); to be involved with |
| ひっくり返す | ひっくりかえす | to turn over; to turn upside down; to turn up; to turn inside out; to turn out to knock over; to tip over to overturn (e.g. a decision); to upset; to reverse |
| ひっくり返る | ひっくりかえる | to be overturned; to be reversed; to turn over; to capsize to fall down; to tumble down; to topple over; to lie on one's back |
| 引っ越し | ひっこし | moving (dwelling, office, etc.); changing residence Hikkoshi |
| 引っ込む | ひっこむ | to draw back; to sink; to cave in to be set back (e.g. from a road) to withdraw (e.g. from the public eye); to retire to (somewhere); to stay indoors; to butt out; to stay out of it |
| 筆者 | ひっしゃ | writer; author |
| 必需品 | ひつじゅひん | necessities; necessary article; requisite; essentials |
| 人差し指 | ひとさしゆび | index finger; forefinger second toe |
| 一通り | ひととおり | generally; in the main; briefly (look over, explain, etc.); roughly; more or less (more or less) everything; all parts; bit of everything; whole process ordinary; usual; average; common |
| 人通り | ひとどおり | pedestrian traffic |
| 一先ず | ひとまず | for now; for the time being; for the present though not quite satisfactorily; after a fashion |
| 瞳 | ひとみ | pupil (of the eye) one's eyes |
| 一休み | ひとやすみ | (short) rest; breather; break |
| 独り言 | ひとりごと | soliloquy; monologue; speaking to oneself |
| 独りでに | ひとりでに | by itself; automatically; naturally |
| 皮肉 | ひにく | irony; sarcasm; cynicism; satire unexpected; different from what one expected; not as one had planned (only) surface; something superficial |
| 日にち | ひにち | date (of a planned event, act, etc.); day (number of) days |
| 捻る | ひねる | to twist; to wrench; to turn (a tap, switch, etc.) to twist (a body part); to bend; to sprain to strangle (to death); to wring (an animal's neck) |
| 日の入り | ひのいり | sunset |
| 日の出 | ひので | sunrise |
| 響き | ひびき | echo; reverberation sound (esp. the distinctive sound of an object or activity, e.g. rain, gun, gallop, drum); noise quality of a sound (e.g. a fine phrase, clear voice, resonant bell); feeling of a sound; emotion or feeling inspired by something heard or read |
| 響く | ひびく | to resound; to be heard far away to reverberate; to shake; to vibrate to come (home); to remain (with someone) |
| 皮膚 | ひふ | skin |
| 百科事典 | ひゃっかじてん | encyclopedia; encyclopaedia |
| 冷やす | ひやす | to cool (from room temperature); to chill; to refrigerate to calm down; to cool off; to regain one's composure; to relax to be frightened (at); to be scared (of) |
| 表紙 | ひょうし | cover (of a book, magazine, etc.); binding to appear on the cover of a magazine |
| 標識 | ひょうしき | sign; mark; marker; beacon marker |
| 標準 | ひょうじゅん | standard; criterion; norm; model; mark average; the norm; the ordinary |
| 標本 | ひょうほん | specimen; sample (classic) example; type sample |
| 評論 | ひょうろん | criticism; critique |
| 平仮名 | ひらがな | hiragana; cursive Japanese syllabary used primarily for native Japanese words (esp. function words, inflections, etc.) |
| 昼寝 | ひるね | (afternoon) nap; sleeping during the day; siesta Hirune |
| 広げる | ひろげる | to spread; to extend; to expand; to enlarge; to widen; to broaden to unfold; to open; to unroll; to unwrap to scatter about; to spread around |
| 広さ | ひろさ | area; extent; dimensions; size width; breadth |
| 広場 | ひろば | public square; square; plaza; piazza; forum open space; clearing |
| 広々 | ひろびろ | extensive; spacious |
| 広める | ひろめる | to spread; to propagate; to popularize; to disseminate to broaden; to extend; to widen; to enlarge |
| ビタミン | vitamin | |
| ビニール | vinyl; plastic vinyl record | |
| 美容 | びよう | beauty; good figure; (beautiful) appearance; (beautiful) features beautification; beauty treatment; beauty culture; cosmetics |
| ビルディング | multi-floor building; multi-storey building; tall building | |
| 便箋 | びんせん | writing paper; stationery; notepaper |
| 瓶詰め | びんづめ | bottling bottled |
| ピカピカ | with a glitter; with a sparkle brand new; shiny and new cleaned (of a plate, etc.); finished | |
| ピストル | pistol | |
| ピンク | pink erotic; blue; pornographic | |
| ファスナー | zip fastener; zipper; zip | |
| 不運 | ふうん | misfortune; bad luck; ill luck; ill fortune |
| 深まる | ふかまる | to deepen; to heighten; to intensify |
| 不規則 | ふきそく | irregular; unsystematic; unsteady; disorderly |
| 普及 | ふきゅう | diffusion; spread; popularization; promulgation; familiarization |
| 付近 | ふきん | neighborhood; neighbourhood; vicinity; environs; surrounding area; district |
| 拭く | ふく | to wipe; to dry |
| 副詞 | ふくし | adverb |
| 複写 | ふくしゃ | copying; duplication; reproduction; copy |
| 複数 | ふくすう | plural; multiple plural (number) |
| 含める | ふくめる | to include (in a group or scope) to instruct; to make one understand to include (a nuance); to put in (an implication) |
| 膨らます | ふくらます | to swell; to expand; to inflate; to bulge |
| 更ける | ふける | to get late; to advance; to wear on |
| 符号 | ふごう | sign; mark; symbol; code sign (e.g. positive, negative) |
| 夫妻 | ふさい | husband and wife; married couple |
| 塞がる | ふさがる | to be closed; to be blocked; to be healed (e.g. wound); to be shut up to be clogged; to be plugged up to be occupied; to be taken (e.g. accommodation) |
| 巫山戯る | ふざけ | to joke; to jest; to kid; to josh to make fun of; to laugh at; to play a prank to romp; to gambol; to frolic; to frisk; to mess around; to fool around; to screw around |
| 襖 | ふすま | fusuma; Japanese sliding screen |
| 付属 | ふぞく | being attached (to); being affiliated (to); belonging (to); going with attached school; affiliated school |
| 蓋 | ふた | cover; lid; cap |
| 不通 | ふつう | suspension; interruption; stoppage; tie-up; cessation |
| 船便 | ふなびん | surface mail (by ship); sea mail ferry service; steamer service |
| 吹雪 | ふぶき | snow storm; blizzard |
| 父母 | ふぼ | father and mother; parents |
| 踏切 | ふみきり | railway crossing; railroad crossing; train crossing; level crossing starting line; scratch determination |
| 麓 | ふもと | foot (of a mountain or hill); bottom; base Fumoto |
| 増やす | ふやす | to increase; to add to; to augment |
| フライパン | fry pan; frying pan | |
| 振り仮名 | ふりがな | furigana; kana printed above or next to kanji to indicate pronunciation |
| フリー | free (of restraint, controls, etc.) free (of charge) freelance; independent | |
| 振舞う | ふるまう | to behave; to conduct oneself; to act to treat (someone) to (food or drink); to entertain (e.g. to lunch) |
| 風呂敷 | ふろしき | wrapping cloth; cloth wrapper |
| ふわふわ | lightly (floating, drifting, etc.); buoyantly soft; fluffy; spongy unsteadily; flightily; fickly; frivolously | |
| 噴火 | ふんか | eruption; volcanic eruption |
| 噴水 | ふんすい | water fountain |
| 無沙汰 | ぶさた | not writing or contacting for a while; neglecting to write (call, visit, etc.); failing to write (call, visit, etc.); long silence |
| 武士 | ぶし | samurai; warrior Mononofu |
| 部首 | ぶしゅ | radical (of a kanji character) |
| 物騒 | ぶっそう | dangerous; unsettled; troubled; disturbed; insecure |
| ぶつかる | to bump into; to run into; to collide with; to hit; to strike to encounter; to meet with; to come upon; to face; to run up against; to be confronted with to clash (of opinions, people, etc.); to conflict; to be at odds (with) | |
| 打付ける | ぶつける | to hit (e.g. one's head); to strike; to knock; to run (into); to crash (into) to throw (at); to fling (at); to hurl (at) to vent (e.g. one's anger); to express (one's feelings); to throw (a question at someone) |
| ぶつぶつ | grunt; grumble; complaint; mutter pimples; spots; eruption; rash cutting into small pieces | |
| 部品 | ぶひん | parts; accessories; components |
| ブラウス | blouse | |
| ぶら下げる | ぶらさげる | to hang; to suspend; to dangle; to swing; to carry |
| ブラシ | brush | |
| ブローチ | brooch Broach | |
| 分解 | ぶんかい | disassembly; dismantling; disaggregating; taking apart; breaking up; analysis; parsing decomposition; resolution; disintegration; degradation factorization |
| 文献 | ぶんけん | literature; books (reference); document |
| 文芸 | ぶんげい | literature the arts; art and literature; liberal arts |
| 分数 | ぶんすう | fraction |
| 文体 | ぶんたい | literary style form of (written) language (e.g. classical, modern) |
| 分布 | ぶんぷ | distribution |
| 文房具 | ぶんぼうぐ | stationery |
| 文脈 | ぶんみゃく | context (of a passage); line of thought context (of a matter, event, etc.); circumstances; background |
| 分量 | ぶんりょう | amount; quantity measuring; weighing |
| 分類 | ぶんるい | classification; categorization; sorting |
| プラスチック | plastic | |
| プラットホーム | platform | |
| プリント | print; printing; (printed) copy handout; flyer | |
| プログラム | program (of events, music, etc.); programme program (booklet); brochure; pamphlet (computer) program; programming | |
| 閉会 | へいかい | closure (of a ceremony, event, meeting, etc.) |
| 平気 | へいき | cool; calm; composed; unconcerned; nonchalant; unmoved; indifferent all right; fine; OK; okay |
| 並行 | へいこう | going side-by-side; going abreast running concurrently; occurring at the same time; keeping pace with |
| 兵隊 | へいたい | soldier; sailor |
| 平凡 | へいぼん | ordinary; common; commonplace; mediocre; unremarkable; undistinguished; uneventful |
| 平野 | へいや | plain; open field |
| 凹む | へこむ | to be dented; to be indented; to yield; to give; to sink; to collapse; to cave in to be beaten; to be overwhelmed; to yield; to give in; to give up to be disheartened; to feel down; to feel depressed |
| 臍 | へそ | navel; belly button protrusion or depression in the middle of an object center; centre; most important part; main point |
| 隔てる | へだてる | to separate (by distance, time, etc.); to isolate; to partition; to divide to interpose; to have between to alienate; to estrange |
| ヘリコプター | helicopter | |
| 編集 | へんしゅう | editing; compilation |
| 別荘 | べっそう | holiday house; vacation home; villa prison; jail |
| ベテラン | veteran (in a particular field); person with a lot of experience; old hand | |
| 便所 | べんじょ | toilet; lavatory; water closet; restroom; bathroom |
| ペンチ | cutting pliers; lineman's pliers; combination pliers | |
| 方角 | ほうがく | direction; way point of the compass; cardinal direction; bearing method; means; approach |
| 箒 | ほうき | broom |
| 方言 | ほうげん | dialect; provincialism |
| 方針 | ほうしん | policy; course; plan (of action); principle magnetic needle |
| 包装 | ほうそう | packing; wrapping |
| 法則 | ほうそく | law; rule |
| 包帯 | ほうたい | bandage; dressing |
| 包丁 | ほうちょう | kitchen knife cooking; food |
| 方程式 | ほうていしき | equation; formula method for solving a problem; set way of achieving a particular result |
| 方面 | ほうめん | direction; district; area field (e.g. of study); sphere; quarter; aspect; angle |
| 放る | ほうる | to throw; to fling; to hurl; to toss to neglect; to abandon; to leave alone; to give up on; to leave undone; to leave unfinished |
| 朗らか | ほがらか | cheerful; merry; sunny; melodious bright (sky, day, etc.); fine; clear |
| 保健 | ほけん | preservation of health; hygiene; sanitation health education (school subject) |
| 干す | ほす | to air; to dry; to desiccate to drain (off) to drink up |
| 北極 | ほっきょく | North Pole the Arctic Hokkyoku |
| 解く | ほどく | to undo; to untie; to unfasten; to unlace; to unravel; to loosen; to unpack |
| 掘る | ほる | to dig; to excavate; to hollow to delve into to dig up (e.g. vegetables) |
| 彫る | ほる | to carve; to engrave; to sculpt; to chisel to tattoo |
| 本来 | ほんらい | originally; primarily essentially; intrinsically; naturally; by nature; in (and of) itself proper; rightful; legal; normal |
| 望遠鏡 | ぼうえんきょう | telescope |
| 坊さん | ぼうさん | Buddhist priest; monk boy |
| 膨大 | ぼうだい | huge; vast; enormous; colossal; extensive; large swelling; expansion |
| 防犯 | ぼうはん | prevention of crime security (device, camera, etc.) |
| 坊や | ぼうや | boy; son; child mere boy; stripling; greenhorn |
| 牧場 | ぼくじょう | farm (livestock); stock farm; ranch; station pasture; meadow; grazing land |
| 牧畜 | ぼくちく | stock-farming; livestock farming; cattle breeding |
| 募集 | ぼしゅう | recruitment; invitation; selection; advertisement; taking applications raising (funds, donations, etc.); collection; subscription; solicitation flotation (of shares, loans, etc.) |
| 襤褸 | ぼろ | rag; old cloth tattered clothes; ragged clothes; rags fault (one is trying to hide); defect; weakness |
| 盆地 | ぼんち | basin (e.g. between mountains) |
| ボーナス | bonus | |
| ポスター | poster |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| まあまあ | so-so; passable; not (so) bad; reasonable now, now; there, there; there now my, my; oh my!; dear me! | |
| 枚数 | まいすう | the number of flat things win-loss difference which influences the ranking of wrestlers |
| 毎度 | まいど | each time; always; often thank you for your continued patronage |
| マイナス | minus; subtraction; taking away negative (number) deficit; loss | |
| 撒く | まく | to scatter; to sprinkle; to strew to distribute (flyers, etc.); to give out; to hand out to shake off (a pursuer, companion, etc.); to give the slip; to throw off; to lose; to get rid of |
| 枕 | まくら | pillow; bolster introduction (e.g. to a rakugo story); lead-in |
| 曲げる | まげる | to bend; to crook; to bow; to curve; to curl to lean; to tilt; to incline; to slant to bend (the truth); to distort; to twist; to pervert |
| まごまご | confused; flustered; at a loss | |
| 摩擦 | まさつ | friction rubbing; chafing discord; friction; strife; conflict |
| 混ざる | まざる | to be mixed; to be blended with; to associate with; to mingle with; to join |
| 混じる | まじる | to be mixed; to be blended with; to be combined to associate with; to mingle with; to interest; to join |
| マスク | (face) mask (facial) features; looks mask (e.g. for circuit etching) | |
| 混ぜる | まぜる | to mix; to stir; to blend |
| 跨ぐ | またぐ | to step over; to step across; to stride over; to stride across; to cross to stretch over; to span; to bridge; to saddle; to straddle |
| 待合室 | まちあいしつ | waiting room |
| 待ち合わせる | まちあわせる | to rendezvous; to meet at a prearranged place and time; to arrange to meet |
| 街角 | まちかど | street corner |
| 真っ暗 | まっくら | pitch-dark; pitch-black; completely dark very bleak (future); utterly hopeless |
| 真っ黒 | まっくろ | pitch black |
| 真っ青 | まっさお | deep blue; bright blue ghastly pale; pallid; white as a sheet |
| 真っ先 | まっさき | the head; the foremost; beginning; the very front |
| 祭る | まつる | to deify; to enshrine to pray; to worship |
| 纏まる | まとまる | to find resolution; to be settled; to be agreed on; to be completed to be collected; to be assembled; to be brought together to be well arranged; to be in order; to be unified; to take shape; to be coherent |
| 纏める | まとめる | to collect; to put (it all) together; to integrate; to consolidate; to unify to summarize; to aggregate to bring to a conclusion; to finalize; to settle; to put in order |
| 窓口 | まどぐち | counter; window; teller window; ticket window contact person; point of contact |
| 真似る | まねる | to mimic; to imitate |
| マフラー | (thick) scarf; muffler muffler (for a vehicle exhaust); silencer | |
| 眩しい | まぶしい | dazzling; radiant |
| 瞼 | まぶた | eyelid |
| 間もなく | まもなく | soon; shortly; before long; in a short time; in a little while having no time to ...; with no time to ... |
| マラソン | marathon; long-distance race | |
| 稀 | まれ | rare; seldom |
| 回り道 | まわりみち | detour; circuitous route; diversion |
| 満員 | まんいん | full house; no vacancy; sold out; standing room only; full (of people); crowded |
| マンション | condominium (usu. mid or high-rise); apartment building; apartment house; block of flats; apartment; flat | |
| 満点 | まんてん | perfect score; full marks perfect; entirely satisfactory; excellent |
| 見送る | みおくる | to see (someone) off; to escort to watch (someone or something) go out of sight; to follow with one's eyes; to gaze after to let (a bus, pitch, etc.) go by; to let pass; to pass up (an opportunity) |
| 見下ろす | みおろす | to overlook; to command a view of; to look down on to despise; to look down on |
| 見かけ | みかけ | outward appearance apparent |
| ミシン | sewing machine | |
| 惨め | みじめ | miserable; wretched; unhappy; sad; pitiable |
| 店屋 | みせや | store; shop |
| 見出し | みだし | heading; headline; title; caption index headword |
| 道順 | みちじゅん | route; way; course; directions |
| 見直す | みなおす | to look at again to re-examine (policy, estimate, plan, etc.); to review to get a better opinion of; to see in a more positive light |
| 見慣れる | みなれる | to get used to seeing; to become accustomed to seeing; to be familiar with |
| 醜い | みにくい | ugly; unattractive; bad-looking unsightly; unseemly; disgraceful; shameful; dishonorable |
| 実る | みのる | to bear fruit; to ripen to produce (good) results; to show results; to bear fruit |
| 身分 | みぶん | (social) standing; status; position; rank identity; birth; origin one's circumstances; one's means |
| 見本 | みほん | sample; specimen; pattern model; example |
| 見舞う | みまう | to visit and comfort or console; to go to see (e.g. someone in hospital); to ask after (e.g. someone's health); to inquire after to attack; to hit; to strike; to deal (a punch) |
| 未満 | みまん | less than; under; below |
| 苗字 | みょうじ | surname; family name; last name Myouji |
| ミリ | milli-; 10^-3 millimetre; millimeter | |
| 診る | みる | to examine (medically); to have a look at; to check (a patient's pulse) |
| 民謡 | みんよう | folk song; popular song |
| 剥く | むく | to peel; to skin; to pare; to hull; to strip to bare (teeth, fangs); to open wide (eyes) |
| 無限 | むげん | infinity; infinitude; eternity infinite; limitless |
| 蒸し暑い | むしあつい | humid; sultry |
| 無地 | むじ | plain; unfigured; patternless; solid (color) |
| 矛盾 | むじゅん | contradiction; inconsistency |
| 蒸す | むす | to steam (food, towel, etc.) to be hot and humid; to be sultry |
| 群れ | むれ | group; crowd; flock; herd; bevy; school; swarm; cluster (e.g. of stars); clump; pack (e.g. of dogs) |
| 姪 | めい | niece |
| 名作 | めいさく | masterpiece; masterwork |
| 名刺 | めいし | business card |
| 名詞 | めいし | noun |
| 名所 | めいしょ | famous place; noted place; place of (scenic or historical) interest; sights (to see) |
| 迷信 | めいしん | superstition; superstitious belief |
| 命ずる | めいずる | to order; to command to appoint |
| 名物 | めいぶつ | famous product; special product; speciality; specialty |
| 銘々 | めいめい | each; individual |
| 目上 | めうえ | superior; superiors; senior |
| 恵まれる | めぐまれる | to be blessed with; to be rich in; to abound in |
| 巡る | めぐる | to go around; to make a circle around to surround; to circle; to enclose to come around (of a season, anniversary, turn, etc.); to return; to repeat; to circulate (of blood, money, etc.) |
| 目指す | めざす | to aim at (for, to do, to become); to try for; to have an eye on to go toward; to head for |
| 目覚まし | めざまし | alarm clock waking up; keeping oneself awake early-morning treat (traditionally given to children in some parts of Japan); wake-up sweet |
| 目下 | めした | subordinate; subordinates; inferior; inferiors; junior |
| 目印 | めじるし | mark (for quick identification or recognition); sign landmark; guide trademark |
| 目立つ | めだつ | to be conspicuous; to stand out |
| 滅茶苦茶 | めちゃくちゃ | absurd; unreasonable; nonsensical; preposterous; incoherent extreme; senseless; reckless; wanton disorderly; chaotic; confused; messy |
| めっきり | remarkably; noticeably; considerably; appreciably | |
| 目出度い | めでた | happy; auspicious; propitious; joyous naive |
| メニュー | menu schedule; program; programme; course; services menu | |
| 眩暈 | めまい | dizziness; giddiness; vertigo |
| 目安 | めやす | criterion; standard; yardstick; reference; aim rough estimate; approximation Meyasu |
| 面積 | めんせき | area (measurement); square measure; size (of land); floor space |
| 面倒くさい | めんどくさい | bothersome; tiresome; bother to do |
| メーター | meter; gauge metre (unit of length); meter | |
| 儲かる | もうかる | to be profitable; to yield a profit |
| 儲ける | もうける | to profit; to get; to earn; to gain to have (bear, beget) a child to have a stroke of luck |
| 申し訳ない | もうしわけない | I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; I feel regretful; I feel guilty thank you very much (for help, etc.) |
| 木材 | もくざい | lumber; timber; wood Mokuzai |
| 目次 | もくじ | table of contents; contents |
| 潜る | もぐる | to dive (into or under water) to get under; to get into; to get in; to creep into; to crawl under; to bury oneself; to burrow into; to dig oneself into; to snuggle under to hide oneself (esp. from the government); to conceal oneself; to go underground |
| 若しかしたら | もしかしたら | perhaps; maybe; perchance; by some chance; by any chance |
| 若しかすると | もしかすると | perhaps; possibly; maybe; by some chance |
| 凭れる | もたれる | to lean against; to lean on; to recline on to lie heavy (on the stomach); to be uneasily digested |
| モダン | modern lug arm tips (on glasses); temple tips | |
| 餅 | もち | mochi; small rice cake made from glutinous rice |
| 勿体ない | もったいない | wasteful; a waste too good; more than one deserves; unworthy of impious; profane; sacrilegious |
| モデル | model; dummy; mock-up model (profession); fashion model model (of a vehicle, machine, etc.); version | |
| 元々 | もともと | originally; from the start; from the beginning; from the outset; by nature none the worse (for); (coming out) even; in the same position (as before) |
| 物置 | ものおき | storage room; storeroom; lumber room |
| 物語る | ものがたる | to tell (a story); to give an account of (an event, experience, etc.); to relate; to recount to tell of; to show; to indicate; to prove; to attest to |
| 物差し | ものさし | ruler; measure |
| モノレール | monorail | |
| 揉む | もむ | to rub; to crumple to massage to argue; to have a heated discussion |
| 燃やす | もやす | to burn to burn with (emotion, feeling); to be fired up |
| 催し | もよおし | event; festivities; function; social gathering; auspices; opening; holding (a meeting) |
| 盛る | もる | to serve (in a bowl, on a plate, etc.); to dish out; to dish up; to fill (a bowl) with to pile up; to heap up; to fill up; to stack up to administer (medicine, poison); to dose out; to prescribe |
| 問答 | もんどう | questions and answers; dialogue |
| モーター | motor |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 喧しい | やかましい | noisy; loud; clamorous; boisterous much talked of; much-discussed; vexed strict; severe; stern |
| 夜間 | やかん | night; nighttime |
| 役者 | やくしゃ | actor; actress man of wits; clever person; cunning fellow |
| 役所 | やくしょ | government office; public office |
| 訳す | やくす | to translate; to interpret |
| 役人 | やくにん | government official Yakunin |
| 薬品 | やくひん | medicine; chemicals |
| 役目 | やくめ | duty; role; function |
| 火傷 | やけど | burn; scald |
| 夜行 | やこう | walking around at night; night travel night train |
| 矢印 | やじるし | arrow (symbol) (romantic) interest (for a certain person); direction (of one's attention, etc.) |
| 薬局 | やっきょく | pharmacy; drugstore; chemist's (shop) hospital pharmacy; dispensary |
| 遣っ付ける | やっつける | to beat; to attack (an enemy); to do away with; to finish off |
| 矢っ張り | やっぱり | as expected; sure enough; just as one thought after all (is said and done); in the end; as one would expect; in any case too; also; as well; likewise; (not) either |
| 家主 | やぬし | landlord; landlady house owner; home owner; head of the household |
| 破く | やぶく | to tear; to rip |
| 破れる | やぶれる | to get torn; to tear; to rip; to break; to wear out to be broken off (of negotiations, etc.); to break down; to collapse; to fall into ruin |
| やむを得ない | やむをえない | cannot be helped; unavoidable |
| 遊園地 | ゆうえんち | amusement park Yuuenchi |
| 夕刊 | ゆうかん | evening paper |
| 友好 | ゆうこう | friendship |
| 郵送 | ゆうそう | mailing; posting |
| 夕立 | ゆうだち | (sudden, heavy) shower (on a summer afternoon or evening); evening shower |
| 夕日 | ゆうひ | evening sun; setting sun |
| 悠々 | ゆうゆう | quiet; calm; leisurely; composed easily; comfortably; without difficulty distant; far-off; boundless; endless; eternal |
| 有料 | ゆうりょう | fee-charging; paid; not free toll road |
| 浴衣 | ゆかた | yukata (light cotton kimono worn in the summer or used as a bathrobe) |
| 輸血 | ゆけつ | blood transfusion |
| 湯気 | ゆげ | steam; vapour; vapor |
| 輸送 | ゆそう | transport; transportation; transit; conveyance |
| 油断 | ゆだん | negligence; carelessness; inattention; unpreparedness |
| 茹でる | ゆでる | to boil (something in hot water) to treat with medicinal steam (a swelling, etc.) |
| 湯のみ | ゆのみ | teacup |
| 緩い | ゆるい | loose lenient; lax gentle (curve, slope, etc.) |
| 溶岩 | ようがん | lava Yougan |
| 用語 | ようご | term; terminology wording; choice of words; phraseology |
| 要旨 | ようし | (main) point; gist; key points; essentials; substance; summary; outline; abstract |
| 幼児 | ようじ | young child; toddler child over 1 but not yet of school age |
| 容積 | ようせき | capacity; volume |
| 幼稚 | ようち | infancy childish; infantile; immature; primitive |
| 幼稚園 | ようちえん | kindergarten (in Japan, non-compulsory education from age 3 until primary school); preschool |
| 用途 | ようと | use; service; purpose |
| 洋品店 | ようひんてん | shop that handles Western-style apparel and accessories |
| 養分 | ようぶん | nutrient; nourishment |
| 羊毛 | ようもう | wool |
| 漸く | ようやく | finally; at last barely; narrowly; hardly; only just gradually; little by little; by degrees |
| 要領 | ようりょう | point; gist; essentials; tenets; outline knack; trick; the ropes |
| 欲張り | よくばり | greed; avarice; covetousness; greedy person |
| 余計 | よけい | extra; more; too much; too many; excessive; superfluous; spare; surplus unnecessary; needless; uncalled-for; unwanted; uninvited all the more; even more |
| 寄越す | よこす | to send; to forward to hand over (e.g. money) |
| 汚す | よごす | to pollute; to contaminate; to soil; to make dirty; to stain to disgrace; to dishonour; to dishonor; to defile |
| 寄せる | よせる | to press; to push; to force to include; to welcome (in a group); to let in to come near; to let someone approach |
| 余所 | よそ | another place; somewhere else; strange parts outside (one's family or group); someone else; other people not caring for; being indifferent to; taking little notice of; ignoring; neglecting |
| 酔っ払い | よっぱらい | drunkard |
| 四つ角 | よつかど | four corners crossroads; intersecting street; street corner |
| 予備 | よび | reserve; spare preparation; preliminaries |
| 呼び出す | よびだす | to call (someone) to (the door, phone, etc.); to tell (someone) to come; to call up (on the phone); to summon; to page; to invoke (e.g. a spirit) to invoke (e.g. a subroutine); to call; to open (e.g. a file) |
| 蘇る | よみがえる | to be resurrected; to be resuscitated; to be rehabilitated; to be revived; to be refreshed; to be restored to be recalled (e.g. memories); to be brought back |
| 依る | よる | to be due to; to be caused by to depend on; to turn on to be based on; to come from |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 来日 | らいにち | coming to Japan; visit to Japan; arrival in Japan |
| 落第 | らくだい | failure (in an examination); failing to advance (to the next year) falling short of the standard; not making the grade |
| ラッシュアワー | rush hour | |
| ランチ | lunch (Western-style) single-plate lunch set; plate lunch; lunch set | |
| ランニング | running tank top (worn as an undergarment or sportswear); vest; singlet | |
| 乱暴 | らんぼう | violence; assault; rowdiness; wildness; running riot rough (handling, language, etc.); reckless; careless; coarse; rude; unreasonable (e.g. demand); wild (e.g. argument) rape; sexual assault |
| 理科 | りか | science (inc. mathematics, medicine, etc.); natural science science department (university); science course science (as a school subject) |
| 利害 | りがい | advantages and disadvantages; interests (of parties) |
| リズム | rhythm | |
| リットル | litre; liter | |
| リボン | ribbon | |
| 略す | りゃくす | to abbreviate; to abridge; to shorten to omit; to leave out to take; to capture; to steal |
| 流域 | りゅういき | drainage basin; catchment basin; river basin; watershed; valley |
| 寮 | りょう | hostel; dormitory bureau (government department beneath a ministry under the ritsuryō system) tea-ceremony room |
| 両側 | りょうがわ | both sides |
| 漁師 | りょうし | fisherman |
| 領収 | りょうしゅう | receipt (of money); receiving |
| 領事 | りょうじ | consul |
| 留守番 | るすばん | care-taking; house-sitting; house-watching; staying at home caretaker; house-sitter |
| 例外 | れいがい | exception |
| 零点 | れいてん | zero (points, marks); no marks zero (of a function); root zero degrees (Celsius); freezing point |
| レインコート | raincoat; mackintosh; macintosh; trench coat | |
| レクリエーション | recreation re-creation | |
| レジャー | leisure | |
| 列島 | れっとう | archipelago; chain of islands |
| レベル | level; standard; grade; class; rank level (amount or quantity) level (plane) | |
| 煉瓦 | れんが | brick |
| レンズ | lens | |
| 蝋燭 | ろうそく | candle |
| ロッカー | locker rocker | |
| ロビー | lobby; lounge | |
| 論ずる | ろんずる | to discuss; to talk about; to deal with (a topic) to argue; to dispute to take into consideration; to make an issue of |
| ローマ字 | ローマじ | Latin alphabet; Roman alphabet romaji; romanized Japanese; system of transliterating Japanese into the Latin alphabet |
| ローンチ | launch (of a product, service, etc.) |
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 和英 | わえい | Japanese-English Japanese-English dictionary |
| 分かれる | わかれる | to branch; to fork; to diverge to separate; to split; to divide to disperse; to scatter |
| 若々しい | わかわかしい | youthful; young; young-looking |
| 湧く | わく | to well (up); to gush out (of water); to spring out; to surge to appear (esp. suddenly) (sweat, tears, etc.); to sweat; to cry to feel emotions (e.g. joy, bravery, etc.); to spring up (e.g. an idea, emotions, clouds); to well up; to arise |
| 詫びる | わびる | to apologize; to apologise; to make an apology |
| 和服 | わふく | Japanese clothes |
| 割合に | わりあいに | comparatively |
| 割り算 | わりざん | division |
| 割と | わりと | comparatively; relatively; fairly; rather; pretty; unexpectedly |
| 割引 | わりびき | discount; reduction; rebate tenths discounted; tenths reduced |
| 椀 | わん | bowl (wooden) counter for bowls of food or drink |
| 碗 | わん | bowl (ceramic, porcelain) counter for bowls of food or drink |
There are no words in this section.