Appendix:Proto-Totozoquean Swadesh list

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This is a Swadesh list of words in Proto-Totozoquean, compared with definitions in English.

Note: Additional vocabulary words have been added after word no. 207 ("name"), since the original lengths of Swadesh lists are either 100 or 207 words.

English Proto-Totozoquean Lang2 Lang3 Lang4 Lang5 Lang6 Lang7 Lang8
1 I
2 thou
(singular)
*wish
3 he
4 we
5 you
(plural)
6 they
7 this
8 that
9 here
10 there
11 who *ti:
12 what *ti:
13 where
14 when
15 how
16 not *ni:
17 all
18 many *ɬú:wa·
19 some
20 few
21 other
22 one *tum
23 two
24 three
25 four
26 five
27 big
28 long
29 wide
30 thick
31 heavy
32 small
33 short
34 narrow
35 thin
36 woman
37 man
(adult male)
38 man
(human being)
*la:pán
39 child
(a youth)
40 wife
41 husband
42 mother *tsi:·
43 father
44 animal
45 fish
46 bird
47 dog
48 louse *ská:ta
49 snake
50 worm
51 tree *kí·wi·
52 forest
53 stick
(of wood)
54 fruit
55 seed *ti·n
56 leaf
57 root
58 bark
(of tree)
59 flower
60 grass
61 rope
62 skin
(of a person)
63 meat
(as in flesh)
64 blood
65 bone
66 fat
(noun)
67 egg
68 horn
69 tail
70 feather
(rather not down)
71 hair
72 head
73 ear *aqa-
74 eye
75 nose *kin-
76 mouth *kiɬ
77 tooth
(rather not molar)
*tatsa-
78 tongue *si:·ma·qá:·t
79 fingernail
80 foot
81 leg
82 knee
83 hand *maka-
84 wing *paqa-
85 belly *pu·qu·
86 guts
87 neck
88 back
89 breast
90 heart
91 liver
92 to drink *qu·t-
93 to eat
94 to bite
95 to suck *tsu·tsú·, *squlí·
96 to spit *cuh-
97 to vomit
98 to blow
(as wind)
99 to breathe
100 to laugh
101 to see
102 to hear *qashmát-
103 to know
(a fact)
104 to think
105 to smell
(sense odor)
106 to fear
107 to sleep
108 to live
109 to die
110 to kill
111 to fight
112 to hunt
(transitive)
113 to hit
114 to cut
115 to split
116 to stab
(or stick)
117 to scratch
(an itch)
118 to dig
119 to swim
120 to fly
121 to walk
122 to come
123 to lie
(as on one's side)
124 to sit
125 to stand
126 to turn
(change direction)
127 to fall
(as in drop)
128 to give
129 to hold
(in one's hand)
130 to squeeze
131 to rub
132 to wash
133 to wipe
134 to pull
135 to push
136 to throw
137 to tie
138 to sew
139 to count
140 to say *ciwí:
141 to sing
142 to play
143 to float
144 to flow
145 to freeze
146 to swell
147 sun
148 moon *papá·
149 star
150 water
151 rain
152 river
153 lake
154 sea
(as in ocean)
155 salt *matsát
156 stone *(S)tiwí
157 sand
158 dust *pu·qs(ni·)
159 earth
(as in soil)
160 cloud
161 fog
162 sky
163 wind
(as in breeze)
164 snow
165 ice
166 smoke
167 fire *Hik-
168 ashes
169 to burn
(intransitive)
170 road
171 mountain
172 red *(S)pi·n-
173 green
174 yellow
175 white *snapápa
176 black *tsi·
177 night
178 day
(daytime)
179 year
180 warm
(as in weather)
181 cold
(as in weather)
182 full
183 new
184 old
185 good
186 bad
187 rotten
(as, a log)
188 dirty
189 straight
190 round
191 sharp
(as a knife)
192 dull
(as a knife)
193 smooth
194 wet
195 dry
(adjective)
196 right
(correct)
197 near
198 far
199 right
(side)
200 left
(side)
201 at
202 in
203 with
(accompanying)
204 and
205 if
206 because
207 name
208 house *caqa:-, *cik
209 wall
210 deer
211 mouse
212 rabbit
213 eagle
214 spider
215 face
216 body
217 navel
218 finger
219 sick
(painful)
220 needle
221 clothing *lú·shu·
222 thunder
223 lightning
224 above
225 below
226 to cough
227 to buy
228 to choose
229 to grow *stak-
230 to open
231 to steal
232 to dream
233 to cry
234 to yawn
235 to cook
236 six
237 seven
238 eight
239 nine
240 ten

Sources

Swadesh lists
Individual languages
Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings
Constructed languages
Reconstructed proto-languages
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