Appendix:Tungusic Swadesh lists
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This is a Swadesh list of Tungusic languages, specifically Oroqen, Manchu, Evenki, Even, Negidal, Oroch, Udihe, Orok, Ulch, Nanai and Jurchen, compared with that of English.
| No | English | Oroqen (IPA) |
Manchu (MT) |
Manchu (Manc) |
Evenki (Cyrl) |
Even (Cyrl) |
Negidal (Cyrl) |
Oroch (Cyrl) |
Udege (Cyrl) |
Orok (Cyrl) |
Ulch (Cyrl) |
Nanai (Cyrl) |
Jurchen (Jin) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | bi:[1] | bi | ᠪᡳ (bi)[2] | би (bi)[3] | би (ʙi)[4] | би (bi)[5] | би (bi)[6] | би (bi)[7][8] | би (bi)[9]~бӣ (bī)[10] | би (bi)[11] | ми (mi)[12]~мӣ (mī)[13] | *mi-ni ("my")[14] |
| 2 | you (sing.) | ʃi:[15] | si | ᠰᡳ (si)[16] | си (si)[17] | хӣ (hī)[18] | сӣ (sī)[19] | си (si)[20] | си (si)[21] | сӣ (sī)[22][23] | си (si)[24] | си (si)[25]~сӣ (sī)[26] | Unknown |
| 3 | he | tarɪ[27], nɔ:nin[28] | i, tere | ᡳ (i)[29]; ᡨᡝᡵᡝ (tere)[30] | нуӈан (nuŋan)(нунган (nungan)[31]) | ноӈан (noŋan)(ноӈа̇н (noŋȧn)[32]) | ноӈан (noŋan)[33], нуған (nuɣan)(Upper dialect)[34] | нуан' (nuan')~нуан'и (nuan'i)~нуӈан'и (nuŋan'i)[35] | нуа(н-) (nua(n-))[36], нуаӈи (nuaŋi)[37] | но̄ни (nōni)[38][39] | нан (nan)[40] | нёани (nyoani)[41] | Unknown |
| 4 | we | mir(exclusive)[42], miti (inclusive, Central dialect)[43], bu:(inclusive)[44] | be(exclusive), muse(inclusive) | ᠪᡝ (be)(exclusive)[45]; ᠮᡠᠰᡝ (muse)(inclusive)[46] | бӯ (bū)(exclusive)[47]; мит (mit)(inclusive)[48] | бӯ (ʙū)(exclusive)[49], мут (mut)(inclusive)[50] | бу (bu)(exclusive)[51], биттэ (bitte)~буттэ (butte)(inclusive)[52] | бу (bu)(exclusive)[53][54], бити (biti)(inclusive)[55][56] | бу (bu)(exclusive)[57], минти (minti)(inclusive)[58][59] | бу (bu)[60]~бӯ (bū)[61] | бу (bu)[62][63] | буэ (buə)[64] | *mən-ni ("our")[65] |
| 5 | you (plural) | ʃu[66], nɔ:nin[67] | suwe | ᠰᡠᠸᡝ (suwe)[68] | сӯ (sū)[69] | ху (hu)[70] | сӯ (sū)[71] | су (su)[72] | сӯ (su)[73] | су (su)[74]~сӯ (sū)[75] | су (su)[76]~сӯ (sū)[77] | суэ (suə)[78] | *ʃu[79] |
| 6 | they | nɔ:tɪn[80] | ce, tese | ᠴᡝ (ce)[81]; ᡨᡝᠰᡝ (tese)[82] | нуӈартын (nuŋartin)(нунгартын (nungartin)[83]) | ноӈартан (noŋartan)[84] | ноӈатил (noŋatil)~ноӈал-тин (noŋal-tin)[85] | нуати (nuati)~нуӈанти (nuŋanti)[86] | нуати (nuati)[87] | но̄чи (nōči)[88][89] | нати (nati)[90]~на̄ти (nāti)[91] | нёанчи (njoanči)[92] | Unknown |
| 7 | this | əri[93] | ere | ᡝᡵᡝ (ere)[94] | эр (ər)[95] | эрэк (ərək)[96] | э₀й (e₀i)[97] | эй (əj)[98] | утава (utawa)[99] | эр (èr)[100]~эри (èri)[101][102], ану (anu)[103] | эј (ej)[104]~эй (ei)[105][106] | тэ̄ти (tēti)[107], эй (ei)[108] | *ərə[109], ou-lə-ə[110] |
| 8 | that | tarɪ[111] | tere | ᡨᡝᡵᡝ (tere)[112] | тар (tar)[113], тара̄ (tarā)[114] | та̄р (tār)[115] | тай (tai)[116] | тэи (tei)[117][118], тэји (teji)[119][120] | тэй (tei)[121][122] | тари (tari)[123][124] | ти (ti)[125](ти̇ (tï)[126]) | то̄ти (tōti)[127], тэй (tei)[128], ча (ča)[129] | Unknown |
| 9 | here | ədu[130] | eri, uba | ᡝᡵᡳ (eri)[131], ᡠᠪᠠ (uba)[132] | эдӯ (ədū)[133] | эду (ədu)[134], элэ (ələ)[135], эли (əli)[136] | э₀дӯ (e₀dū)[137], э₀лӣ (e₀dī)[138] | э̄ди (ə̄di)[139], э̄лэ (ələ̄)[140] | оду (odu)[141], оло (olo)[142] | иду (idu)~јэду (jèdu) ~эду (èdu)~эјэду (èjèdu)[143] | јэду (jedu)[144] | недуэ̄ (neduē)[145], эйдуэ (eidue)[146] эйлэ (eile)[147] | *ou-xuru(ulu)[148] |
| 10 | there | tadu[149] | tuba | ᡨᡠᠪᠠ (tuba)[150] | та̄дӯ (tādū)[151], та̄ла̄ (tālā)[152] | таду (tadu)[153], тала (tala)[154] | та̄дӯ (tādū)[155], та̄ла̄ (tālā)[156] | та̄дӯ (tādū)[157], та̄ла (tāla)[158], та̄ти (tāti)[159] | тала (tala)[160], утаду (utadu)[161], утала (utala)[162] | тала (tala)[163], чаду (čadu)[164][165] | ти̇ду̇ (tïdu̇)~таду̇ (tadu̇)[166] | чадоа̄ (čadoā)[167](та̄ду̇ (tādu̇)[168]) | Unknown |
| 11 | who | ni:[169] | we | ᠸᡝ (we) | ӈи (ŋi) | ни (ni) | ӈуи (ŋui) | ӈуй (ŋui) | уй (ui) | *wə-ə | |||
| 12 | what | ikun[170] | ai | ᠠᡳ (ai) | экун (əkun) | кун; е̄, аӈӣ | ява (yawa) | йэвэ (jəwə), йэу (iəu) | хаи (hai) | ҳай (hai) | хай (hai) | *ai | |
| 13 | where | ilə[171], idu[172] | yaba, aibide, aba | ᠶᠠᠪᠠ (yaba); ᠠᡳᠪᡳᡩᡝ (aibide); ᠠᠪᠠ (aba) | иду (idu) | ӣдӯ, ӣлэ̄ | йэлэ (jələ) | ҳаҋду (haidu) | хаҋду (haidu) | ||||
| 14 | when | alɪ[173] | atanggi | ᠠᡨᠠᠩᡤᡳ (atanggi) | окин (okin) | о̄кин, э̄мӣ-да̄ | али (ali) | ҳа̄ли (hāli) | |||||
| 15 | how | ɔ:n[174] | absi, adarame | ᠠᠪᠰᡳ (absi); ᠠᡩᠠᡵᠠᠮᡝ (adarame) | он (on) | о̄н, о̄ни | о̄н (ōn), о̄ни (ōni), о̄нигда | оно (ono), бэдэ (bədə) | хо̄ни (hōni) | ӽо̄ни (ḩōni) | |||
| 16 | not | ə-[175] | waka (not), akū (no) | ᠸᠠᡴᠠ (waka); ᠠᡴᡡ (akū) | эи (əi), эини (əini), эити (əiti), эсини (əsini), эӡэӈэ (əʒəŋə) (negative verb forms), эӡи (əʒi) (prohibition) | *guai-y, *ei-wə (not), ai-ku, *a sui, əʃï-in (no) | |||||||
| 17 | all | banbʊr[176], ɔ:rin[177] | eiten, gemu, gubci, yooni | ᡝᡳᡨᡝᠨ (eiten); ᡤᡝᠮᡠ (gemu); ᡤᡠᠪᠴᡳ (gubci), ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ (yooni) | куктэ (kuktə), олус (olus) | тэу (təu) | *ei-ten, *gəmu, *gəmu-r | ||||||
| 18 | many | bara:n[178] | labdu, geren | ᠯᠠᠪᡩᡠ (labdu); ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠨ (geren) | кэтэ (kətə) | кэтэ | гэрэн (gərən) (<Ulch.) | эгди (əgdi) | бара (bara) | *gə-ən | |||
| 19 | some | adɪ:[179] | ememu ududu |
ᡝᠮᡝᠮᡠ (ememu); ᡠᡩᡠᡩᡠ (ududu) | ады̄ка̄н (adīkān) ~ ады̄кӯн (adīkūn) | адыкан | |||||||
| 20 | few | atʃʊkʊn[180] | komso | ᡴᠣᠮᠰᠣ (komso) | ои (oi) | ||||||||
| 21 | other | oŋtu[181] | encu, gūwa | ᡝᠨᠴᡠ (encu); ᡤᡡᠸᠠ (gūwa) | хуӈту (huŋtu) | хуҥту | гагда (gagda), хоӈто (xoŋto) | ||||||
| 22 | one | umun[182] | emu | ᡝᠮᡠ (emu) | умун (umun) | өмэн (ömən) | омо (omo) | ге̄да (gēda) | эмун (əmun) | *əmu | |||
| 23 | two | dʒu:r[183] | juwe | ᠵᡠᠸᡝ (juwe) | дюр (ʒur) | дӫр (ʒör) | ӡӯ (zū) | дө̄ (dȫ), дӯ (dū) | дюэр (djuər) | *dʒo | |||
| 24 | three | ɪlan[184] | ilan | ᡳᠯᠠᠨ (ilan) | илан (ilan) | илан (ilan) | елан (elan) ~ илан (ilan) | ила (ila) | ила (ila) | ила̄ (ilā) | илан (ilan) | *ilan | |
| 25 | four | diyin[185] | duin | ᡩᡠᡳᠨ (duin) | дыгин (digin) | дыгэн (digən) | дийин (diiin) | дӣ (dī) | ӡин (ʒin) | дуин (duin) | *duin | ||
| 26 | five | tʊŋŋa[186] | sunja | ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ (sunja) | тунӈа (tunŋa) | тунӈан (tunŋan) | тонˈӈа (ton'ŋa) ~ туӈнˈа (tuŋn'a) | туӈа (tuŋa) | туӈа (tuŋa) | тунда (tunda) | тойнга (toinga) | *ʃundʒa | |
| 27 | big | əgdiŋə[187] | amba | ᠠᠮᠪᠠ (amba) | хэгды (həgdi) | хэгдыӈэ | да̄ји (dāji) | да̄й (dāi) | да̄и (dāi) | *amba-an, *amba | |||
| 28 | long | ŋʊnʊm[188] | golmin | ᡤᠣᠯᠮᡳᠨ (golmin) | ӈо̄ним (ŋōņim) | ӈо̄ним | ӈоними (ŋonimi) | ӈоними (ŋonimi) | нгоними (ngonimi) | *golmi-gi? | |||
| 29 | wide | əŋŋəl[189], aɣum[190], awam[191] | onco, letehun, leli | ᠣᠨᠴᠣ (onco); ᠯᡝᡨᡝᡥᡠᠨ (letehun); ᠯᡝᠯᡳ (leli) | ды̄вэ̄н (dīwə̄n), албин дэлэй (albin dələj), нэптэрин (nəptərin), вардама (wardama) | агби (agbi)，ваними (vanimi) | дарами (darami) | дарами (darami) | |||||
| 30 | thick | dɪram[192] | jiramin | ᠵᡳᡵᠠᠮᡳᠨ (jiramin) | дырам (diram) | боу (bou) (about the tree) | ӡирами (ʒirami) | дирами (dirami) | *dira? | ||||
| 31 | heavy | urgə[193] | ujen | ᡠᠵᡝᠨ (ujen) | ургэ (urgə) | *udʒə-ə | |||||||
| 32 | small | nitʃukun[194] | ajige | ᠠᠵᡳᡤᡝ (ajige) | уһакан, хулукӯн (hulukūn) | хулукӯн, никӯн | ӈича (ŋiča) | нӯчи (nūči), нучӣкэ (nučīkè) | нючи (njuči) | нӯчи (nūči) | *oso-on, *oso | ||
| 33 | short | nəktəkun[195], wurumkun[196] | foholon (of length) fangkala (of height) |
ᡶᠣᡥᠣᠯᠣᠨ (foholon); ᡶᠠᠩᡴᠠᠯᠠ (fangkala) | урумкӯн (urumkūn) | урумкун | хуруми (hurumi)? | ||||||
| 34 | narrow | ʃiləmkun[197] | hafirahūn, isheliyen | ᡥᠠᡶᡳᡵᠠᡥᡡᠨ (hafirahūn); ᡳᠰᡥᡝᠯᡳᠶᡝᠨ (isheliyen) | силимкӯн (silimkūn) | силимкун | *fo-xo-lo? | ||||||
| 35 | thin | nəmkun[198] | nekeliyen | ᠨᡝᡴᡝᠯᡳᠶᡝᠨ (nekeliyen) | нэмкӯн (nəmkūn) | нэмкун | нэмнэчэ (nəmnəčə) | *nən-xkə̯-xuŋ? | |||||
| 36 | woman | aʃɪ[199] | hehe | ᡥᡝᡥᡝ (hehe) | асӣ (asī) | асӣ | а̄нта (ānta) | э̄ктэннэ̄ (è̄ktènnè̄) | аси най (asi nai) | *xəxə | |||
| 37 | man (male) | ɲɪray[200] | haha | ᡥᠠᡥᠠ (haha) | бэе (bəje) | бэе | нӣнта (nīnta) | нари (nari) нарисал (narisal)(pl.) | *xaxa | ||||
| 38 | man (human being) | bəyə[201] | niyalma | ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠯᠮᠠ (niyalma) | илэ (ilə), бэе (bəje) | бэе, илэ | нӣ (nī) | нари (nari) | най (nai) | *nialma | |||
| 39 | child | kɔ:kan[202] | jui | ᠵᡠᡳ (jui) | куӈака̄н (kuŋakān) | куӈака̄н | |||||||
| 40 | wife | atɪrkan[203] | sargan | ᠰᠠᡵᡤᠠᠨ (sargan) | асӣ (asī), атырка̄н (atirkān) | асӣ, атырка̄н | аси (asi) | *saran | |||||
| 41 | husband | ətirkən[204] | eigen | ᡝᡳᡤᡝᠨ (eigen) | этыркэн (ətirkən) | этыркэн | *ei-ə? | ||||||
| 42 | mother | ənin[205] | aja, eme, eniye | ᠠᠵᠠ (aja), ᡝᠮᡝ (eme); ᡝᠨᡳᠶᡝ (eniye) | эне (əņe), энӣн (əņīn) | энӣн | эне (əne) | эниӈэ (əniŋə) | эннэ (ènnè), энэкэ (ènèkè) | эне (ənè) | эннэ (ənnə) | ||
| 43 | father | amɪn[206] | ama | ᠠᠮᠠ (ama) | ама (ama), амӣн (amīn) | амӣн | ама (ama) | абуға, ами (ami-) | амма (amma), амака (amaka) | ама (ama) | ама (ama) | *amin | |
| 44 | animal | bəyiŋə[207] | aššara jaka, ergengge (living things), gurgu (beast) | ᡤᡠᡵᡤᡠ (gurgu) | бэйӈэ̄ (bəjŋə̄), чивка̄н (çiwkān) | бэйҥэ | буи (bui) | ||||||
| 45 | fish | ɔlɔ[208] | nimaha | ᠨᡳᠮᠠᡥᠠ (nimaha) | олло (ollo) | олло | оло (olo) | ӡауӈа (ʒauŋa) | ө̄рө (ȫrö) | ||||
| 46 | bird | tʃinəkə[209] | gasha ('large bird, fowl') cecike ('small bird, songbird') |
ᡤᠠᠰᡥᠠ (gasha); ᠴᡝᠴᡳᡴᡝ (cecike) | дэги (dəgi) | дэг, дэги | гайа (gaia), чинда (činda) | гаса (gasa) | гаса (gasa) | ||||
| 47 | dog | ŋanakin[210] | indahūn | ᡳᠨᡩᠠᡥᡡᠨ (indahūn) | ӈинакин (ŋinakin) | ӈин (ŋin) | инаки (inaki) | инаи (inai) | ӈинда (ŋinda) | инда (inda) | *indaxoŋ | ||
| 48 | louse | kuŋkə:[211] | cihe | ᠴᡳᡥᡝ (cihe) | кумкэ (kumkə); нэйкэ (nəjkə) (маленькая) | кумкэ | |||||||
| 49 | snake | kʊlɪn[212] | meihe | ᠮᡝᡳᡥᡝ (meihe) | кулин (kulin), сулама (sulama) | кулин | кулиға | *mei-xə | |||||
| 50 | worm | kʊlikan[213] | umiyaha | ᡠᠮᡳᠶᠠᡥᠠ (umiyaha) | икирӣ (ikirī) | икири | *u-mia-xa? | ||||||
| 51 | tree | mɔ:[214] | moo, hailan | ᠮᠣᠣ (moo); ᡥᠠᡳᠯᠠᠨ (hailan) | мо̄ (mō), ирэ̄ктэ (irə̄ktə) | мо̄ | мо̄ (mō) | мо̄ (mō) | мо̄ (mō) | *mo? | |||
| 52 | forest | mɔ:ʃa[215] | bujan, weji | ᠪᡠᠵᠠᠨ (bujan); ᠸᡝᠵᡳ (weji) | мо̄са (mōsa), хӯра (hūra), харги (hargi) | мо̄са | |||||||
| 53 | stick | lata[216] | mukšan | ᠮᡠᡴᡧᠠᠨ (mukšan) | мо̄ка̄н (mōkān), голоко̄ча̄н (golokōçān) | мокан, голокочан | |||||||
| 54 | fruit | tubiɣə[217] | tubihe | ᡨᡠᠪᡳᡥᡝ (tubihe) | плод (plod) (растений), о̄на (ōna) (результат) | tuwɔ-xɔ? | |||||||
| 55 | seed | urə[218] | use | ᡠᠰᡝ (use) | чэ̄мэ (çə̄mə), чӣмэ (çīmə) | чэмэ, чимэ | нуми (numi) | ||||||
| 56 | leaf | abdana[219] | abdaha | ᠠᠪᡩᠠᡥᠠ (abdaha) | авданна (awdanna), абдон (abdon), абданна (abdanna) | авданна, абдон | абдиа (abdia) | *abuxa | |||||
| 57 | root | təkən[220] | fulehe, da | ᡶᡠᠯᡝᡥᡝ (fulehe); ᡩᠠ (da) | ӈиӈтэ (ŋiŋtə), нэлгэ (nəlgə) | ҥиҥтэ, нэлгэ | *da | ||||||
| 58 | bark | kə:rə[221], talu[222] | notho | ᠨᠣᡨᡥᠣ (notho) | улдакса (uldaksa), эрэктэ (ərəktə), дэллэ (dəllə), угдаха (ugdaha) | талу, улдакса, эрэктэ | вакта (wakta) | ||||||
| 59 | flower | ɪlga[223], ɲandʒa[224] | ilha | ᡳᠯᡥᠠ (ilha) | ӈо̄ды (ŋōdi), аргава̄ктэ (argawāktə), чэӈэктэ (çəŋəktə), чурика̄ (çurikā) | ӈо̄ды, аргава̄ктэ, нөчэ | ила (ila) | силла̄ (sillā) | *i-lxa | ||||
| 60 | grass | ɔrɔktɔ[225] | orho | ᠣᡵᡥᠣ (orho) | чӯка (çūka), орокто (orokto), арна (arna) | чӯка, орокто | вокто (wokto), окто (okto) | орокто (orokto), паикта (paikta) | *or-xo | ||||
| 61 | rope | uʃikən[226], ʊrkʊn[227] | futa | ᡶᡠᡨᠠ (futa) | харкэвӯн (harkəwūn), уюр (ujur), унявун (uņawun), уту (utu), боголи (bogoli) | харкэвун, уюр, унявун, уту, боголи | |||||||
| 62 | skin | nana[228], ilə[229] | sukū | ᠰᡠᡴᡡ (sukū) | кикикта (kikikta), иллэ (illə), илдэ (ildə), сэвгу (səwgu) (рыбья) | иллэ, кикикта, сэвгу (fish) | њиа, эиктэ (əiktə) | натта (natta), натта̄ (nattā) | *su-gu | ||||
| 63 | meat | ulə[230] | yali | ᠶᠠᠯᡳ (yali) | уллэ (ullə) | уллэ, иллэ | улисэ (ulisè), улиссэ (ulissè) | ||||||
| 64 | blood | ʃə:kʃə[231] | senggi | ᠰᡝᠩᡤᡳ (senggi) | сэ̄ксэ̄ (sə̄ksə̄) | хуӈэл (huŋəl) | сэ̄ксэ (sè̄ksè) | сэ̄ксэ (səksə) | *səgi | ||||
| 65 | bone | gɪramna[232] | giranggi | ᡤᡳᡵᠠᠩᡤᡳ (giranggi) | анат (anat), гирамна (giramna), икэри (ikəri) | икири (ikiri) | гирапса (girapsa) | гирмакса (girmaksa) | *gilangi | ||||
| 66 | fat (noun) | imukʃə[233] | imenggi | ᡳᠮᡝᠩᡤᡳ (imenggi) | имӯксэ (imūksə), имурэ̄ (imurə̄) | имуксэ | *i-mən-ŋgi | ||||||
| 67 | egg | ʊmʊkta[234] | umhan | ᡠᠮᡥᠠᠨ (umhan) | умукта (umukta) | умукта | |||||||
| 68 | horn | i:gə[235] | uihe | ᡠᡳᡥᡝ (uihe) | ие (ije) | ие | |||||||
| 69 | tail | irgi[236] | uncehen | ᡠᠨᠴᡝᡥᡝᠨ (uncehen) | ирги (irgi), иргинды (irgindi), кутурук (kuturuk), лупча (lupça), лапча (lapça) (рыбий) | ирги | |||||||
| 70 | feather | ʃuptʃu[237] | dethe, funggala | ᡩᡝᡨᡥᡝ (dethe); ᡶᡠᠩᡤᠠᠯᠠ (funggala) | лэпурэ̄ (ləpurə̄), бӯк (būk) | лэпурэ, бук | |||||||
| 71 | hair | ɲuriktə[238] | funiyehe | ᡶᡠᠨᡳᠶᡝᡥᡝ (funiyehe) | нюриктэл (ņuriktəl) | нюриктэ | *fun-il-xei? | ||||||
| 72 | head | dɪl[239] | uju | ᡠᠵᡠ (uju) | дыл (dil) | дыл (dil) | дили (dili) | ӡили (ʒili) | дили (dili) | дили (dili) | *udʒu | ||
| 73 | ear | ʃɛ:n[240] | šan | ᡧᠠᠨ (šan) | сен (sen) | се̄н | се̄н (sēn)， се̄ (sē) | ||||||
| 74 | eye | yɛ:ʃa[241] | yasa | ᠶᠠᠰᠠ (yasa) | эса (əsa) | ясал (jasal)? | йа (ia) | исал (isal) | |||||
| 75 | nose | ɔŋɔktɔ[242] | oforo | ᠣᡶᠣᡵᠣ (oforo) | онокто (onokto) | оӈокто | ӈио (ŋio) | хуре̄ (hurē), хурига (huriga), хура̄ (hurā), хурја̄ (hurjā) | опоро (oporo) | ||||
| 76 | mouth | amŋa[243] | angga | ᠠᠩᡤᠠ (angga) | амӈа (amŋa) | амӈа (amŋa) | амӈа (amŋa), аӈма (aŋma) | ангма (angma) | *am-ŋa | ||||
| 77 | tooth | iktə[244] | weihe | ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡝ (weihe) | иктэ (iktə) | иктэ | иктэ (iktə) | иктэ (iktè), көрөктө (köröktö) | *wei-xə | ||||
| 78 | tongue | iŋi[245] | ilenggu | ᡳᠯᡝᠩᡤᡠ (ilenggu) | инни (inņi) | инни | иӈи (iŋi) | сину (sinu) | *iləŋ-ŋgu | ||||
| 79 | fingernail | ʊʃɪkta[246] | hitahūn | ᡥᡳᡨᠠᡥᡡᠨ (hitahūn) | оһикта | осикта | |||||||
| 80 | foot | algan[247] | bethe | ᠪᡝᡨᡥᡝ (bethe) | халган (halgan) | бөдэл (ʙödəl), будэл (ʙudəl) | бэгди (bəgdi) | *budixə | |||||
| 81 | leg | algan[248] | bethe | ᠪᡝᡨᡥᡝ (bethe) | бэгди (bəgdi) | ||||||||
| 82 | knee | əŋŋən[249] | tobgiya | ᡨᠣᠪᡤᡳᠶᠠ (tobgiya) | хэнӈэн (hənŋən) | хэнӈэн (hənŋən) | |||||||
| 83 | hand | ŋa:la[250] | gala, falanggū (palm of the hand) | ᡤᠠᠯᠠ (gala); ᡶᠠᠯᠠᠩᡤᡡ (falanggū) | ӈалэ (ŋalə) | ӈāл (ŋāl) | ӈала (ŋala) | ӈа̄ла (ŋāla) | ӈа̄ла (ŋāla) | нга̄ла (ngāla) | *ga-la， *ŋa-la | ||
| 84 | wing | dəktilə[251], aʃakɪ:[252] | asha | ᠠᠰᡥᠠ (asha) | дэктылэ̄ (dəktilə̄), асакӣ (asakī), лэпурэ̄ (ləpurə̄), хуракӣ (hurakī) | ||||||||
| 85 | belly | gudə:[253] | hefeli | ᡥᡝᡶᡝᠯᡳ (hefeli) | хукитэ (hukitə), дылба (dilba) | хукитэ, дылба | *xəfuli | ||||||
| 86 | guts | ʃɪlʊkta[254] | duha | ᡩᡠᡥᠠ (duha) | силуктал (siluktal) | силукта | |||||||
| 87 | neck | nɪkɪmna[255] | meifen, monggon, gen | ᠮᡝᡳᡶᡝᠨ (meifen); ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣᠨ (monggon); ᡤᡝᠨ (gen) | никимна (ņikimna), кавка (kawka), моӈон (moŋon) | никан (ņikan) | |||||||
| 88 | back | ʃɔgdɔnɔ[256] | fisa | ᡶᡳᠰᠠ (fisa) | сэ̄гдэ̄ннэ (sə̄gdə̄nnə), кэӈтырэ̄ (kəŋtirə̄) | ака (aka) | атта (atta) | *fisa | |||||
| 89 | breast | ukun[257] | tunggen (chest) huhun (breasts) |
ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡝᠨ (tunggen); ᡥᡠᡥᡠᠨ (huhun) | хикэ̄н (hikə̄n), укун (ukun) (женская), тыӈэн (tiŋən) (животного) грудь | тӣӈэн (tīŋən) | *tuŋ(g)ə, *xuxun | ||||||
| 90 | heart | mɛɣan[258] | niyaman，mujilen | ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠮᠠᠨ (niyaman); ᠮᡠᠵᡳᠯᡝᠨ (mujilen) | ме̄ван (mēwan), хэлэмэ (hələmə), мӣян (mījan), ме̄ган (mēgan) | мяван (mẹwan) | ме̄ва (mēwa) | миаван (miawan) | *mudʒilən | ||||
| 91 | liver | a:kin[259] | fahūn | ᡶᠠᡥᡡᠨ (fahūn) | хакин (hakin) | хакин | |||||||
| 92 | to drink | um-[260] | omi- | ᠣᠮᡳᠮᠪᡳ (omimbi) | умдямӣ (umʒamī) | умдя-ми | |||||||
| 93 | to eat | dʒəb-[261] | je- (to eat) | ᠵᡝᠮᠪᡳ (jembi) | девдеми (ʒewʒemi) (в значений пить) | девде-ми | |||||||
| 94 | to bite | kɪk-[262] | sai- | ᠰᠠᡳᠮᠪᡳ (saimbi) | кикчамӣ (kikçamī) | кикча-ми | |||||||
| 95 | to suck | lʊpkʊ-[263] | goci- | ᡤᠣᠴᡳᠮᠪᡳ (gocimbi) | укудемӣ (ukuʒemī) | укуде-ми | |||||||
| 96 | to spit | tə:[264] | cifele- | ᠴᡳᡶᡝᠯᡝᠮᠪᡳ (cifelembi) | тумнидямӣ (tumņiʒamī) | тумин-ми | |||||||
| 97 | to vomit | iʃə-[265] | fuyakiya-, oksi-, juru- | ᡶᡠᠶᠠᡴᡳᠶᠠᠮᠪᡳ (fuyakiyambi); ᠣᡴᠰᡳᠮᠪᡳ (oksimbi); ᠵᡠᡵᡠᠮᠪᡳ (jurumbi) | исэримуде-ми | ||||||||
| 98 | to blow | u:-[266] | fulgiye- | ᡶᡠᠯᡤᡳᠶᡝᠮᠪᡳ (fulgiyembi) | хувдямӣ (huwʒamī) | хувдя-ми | |||||||
| 99 | to breathe | əri:-[267] | ergen gai- | ᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡤᠠᡳᠮᠪᡳ (ergen gaimbi) |
эрӣдемӣ (ərīʒemī) | эриде-ми | |||||||
| 100 | to laugh | iɲə-[268] | inje- | ᡳᠨᠵᡝᠮᠪᡳ (injembi) | инектэдемӣ (iņektəʒemī), инедемӣ (iņeʒemī) | инектэде-ми | |||||||
| 101 | to see | itʃə-[269] | sabu- | ᠰᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ (sabumbi) | ичэдемӣ (içəʒemī) | ичэде-ми | |||||||
| 102 | to hear | dɔ:ldi-[270] | donji- | ᡩᠣᠨᠵᡳᠮᠪᡳ (donjimbi) | до̄лды̄дямӣ (dōldīʒamī) | долдыдя-ми | |||||||
| 103 | to know | ʃa:-[271] | sa- | ᠰᠠᠮᠪᡳ (sambi) | са̄демӣ (sāʒemī) | саде-ми | |||||||
| 104 | to think | bɔdɔ-[272] | gūni-, bodo- | ᡤᡡᠨᡳᠮᠪᡳ (gūnimbi); ᠪᠣᡩᠣᠮᠪᡳ (bodombi) | гунчэдемӣ (gunçəʒemī), дялда̄демӣ (ʒaldāʒemī) | гунчэде-ми | |||||||
| 105 | to smell | ŋɔkɔ-[273] | wangkiya- | ᠸᠠᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠮᠪᡳ (wangkiyambi) | ӈо̄вуктадямӣ (ŋōwuktaʒamī) | ҥовуктадя-ми | |||||||
| 106 | to fear | gele-, olho-, golo-, sengguwe-, sesula- | ᡤᡝᠯᡝᠮᠪᡳ (gelembi); ᠣᠯᡥᠣᠮᠪᡳ (olhombi); ᡤᠣᠯᠣᠮᠪᡳ (golombi); ᠰᡝᠩᡤᡠᠸᡝᠮᠪᡳ (sengguwembi); ᠰᡝᠰᡠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (sesulambi) | ӈэ̄лэтчэмӣ (ŋə̄lətçəmī), ёндямӣ (jonʒamī), мэлэтчэмӣ (mələtçəmī),эрдэмтэдемӣ (ərdəmtəʒemī), ӈэ̄лумӣ (ŋə̄lumī) | ҥэлэтчэ-ми, ҥэлу-ми | ||||||||
| 107 | to sleep | a:ʃɪn-[274] | amga-, abura- | ᠠᠮᡤᠠᠮᠪᡳ (amgambi); ᡧᠠᠪᡠᡵᠠᠮᠪᡳ (šaburambi) | адеми (aʒemi) | аде-ми | |||||||
| 108 | to live | i:nikin[275] | banji- | ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠮᠪᡳ (banjimbi) | индемӣ (inʒemī), бидемӣ (biʒemī), бододёмӣ (bodoʒomī) | инде-ми, биде-ми | |||||||
| 109 | to die | bu-[276] | buce- bude- |
ᠪᡠᠴᡝᠮᠪᡳ (bucembi); ᠪᡠᡩᡝᠮᠪᡳ (budembi) | будемӣ (buʒemī), мэкчэрэ̄демӣ (məkçərə̄ʒemī) | буде-ми | |||||||
| 110 | to kill | wa:-[277] | wa- | ᠸᠠᠮᠪᡳ (wambi) | ва̄мӣ (wāmī) | ва-ми | |||||||
| 111 | to fight | wa:ldɪ-[278] | afandumbi, temše- | ᠠᡶᠠᠨᡩᡠᠮᠪᡳ (afandumbi); ᡨᡝᠮᡧᡝᠮᠪᡳ (temšembi) | ӈо̄рчадямӣ (ŋōrçaʒamī), туркулды̄дямӣ (turkuldīʒamī), мо̄рча̄дямӣ (mōrçāʒamī), кусӣлды̄демӣ (kusīldīʒemī), кусӣдемӣ (kusīʒemī), тургатчамӣ (turgatçamī), колтома̄тчэмӣ (koltomātçəmī) | кусиде-ми, муссэмэтчэ-ми | |||||||
| 112 | to hunt | bəyu:-[279] | abala- | ᠠᠪᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (abalambi) | бэюмидеми (bəjumiʒemi) | бэюмиде-ми | |||||||
| 113 | to hit | mʊnda:-[280] | tanta- | ᡨᠠᠨᡨᠠᠮᠪᡳ (tantambi) | дуг-мӣмӣ (dug-mīmī), колтомӣ (koltomī), солтомӣ (soltomī) | дуг-ми, колто-ми | |||||||
| 114 | to cut | dʒig-[281] | faita- furu- saci- |
ᡶᠠᡳᡨᠠᠮᠪᡳ (faitambi); ᡶᡠᡵᡠᠮᠪᡳ (furumbi); ᠰᠠᠴᡳᠮᠪᡳ (sacimbi) | минэ̄мӣ (minə̄mī), мурукэ̄мӣ (murukə̄mī), гирмӣ (girmī), кайра̄мӣ (kajrāmī) | минэ-ми, гир-ми | |||||||
| 115 | to split | i:wə:-[282] | delhebu- dendebu- |
ᡩᡝᠯᡥᡝᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ (delhebumbi); ᡩᡝᡩᡝᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ (dedebumbi) | ивэдемӣ (iwəʒemī) | ||||||||
| 116 | to stab | gɪdala:-[283] | toko- gidala- (with a spear) huwesile- (with a dagger) |
ᡨᠣᡴᠣᠮᠪᡳ (tokombi); ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (gidalambi); ᡥᡠᠸᡝᠰᡳᠯᡝᠮᠪᡳ (huwesilembi) | бо̄ритмӣ (bōritmī), бо̄ричивмӣ (bōriçiwmī), хуечивмӣ (hujeçiwmī) | гидаладе-ми | |||||||
| 117 | to scratch | ʊkɪ:-[284] | waša- wasihala- |
ᠸᠠᡧᠠᠮᠪᡳ (wašambi); ᠸᠠᠰᡳᡥᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (wasihalambi) | осӣдямӣ (osīʒamī), сэвэридемӣ (səwəriʒemī) | осиде-ми | |||||||
| 118 | to dig | ulə:-[285] | fete- | ᡶᡝᡨᡝᠮᠪᡳ (fetembi) | улэдемӣ (uləʒemī), эридемӣ (əriʒemī), чокчомӣ (çokçomī) | улэде-ми | |||||||
| 119 | to swim | əlbi-[286] | ebiše- muke selbi- |
ᡝᠪᡳᡧᡝᠮᠪᡳ (ebišembi) | элбэскэ̄тчэмӣ (əlbəskə̄tçəmī) | элбэскэтчэ-ми | |||||||
| 120 | to fly | dəyli-[287], dəg-[288] | deye- | ᡩᡝᠶᡝᠮᠪᡳ (deyembi) | дэгиктэдемӣ (dəgiktəʒemī) | дэгиктэде-ми | |||||||
| 121 | to walk | girani-[289] | okso-, yabu- | ᠣᡴᠰᠣᠮᠪᡳ (oksombi); ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ (yabumbi) | гиркуктадямӣ (girkuktaʒamī), некэедемӣ (ņekəjeʒemī), хавалдямӣ (hawalʒamī) | гиркуктадя-ми | |||||||
| 122 | to come | əmə-[290] | ji- | ᠵᡳᠮᠪᡳ (jimbi) | эмэдемӣ (əməʒemī) | эме-ми | |||||||
| 123 | to lie | ulə:-[291] | dedu- | ᡩᡝᡩᡠᠮᠪᡳ (dedumbi) | хуклэ̄демӣ (huklə̄ʒemī) | хуклэде-ми | |||||||
| 124 | to sit | tə:[292] | te- | ᡨᡝᠮᠪᡳ (tembi) | тэгэтчэмӣ (təgətçəmī) | тэгэтчэ-ми | |||||||
| 125 | to stand | ɪlɪ-[293] | ili- | ᡳᠯᡳᠮᠪᡳ (ilimbi) | илитчамӣ (ilitçamī) | илитча-ми | |||||||
| 126 | to turn | ukukin-[294] | forgošo- | ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠮᠪᡳ (forgošombi) | хоролӣвдямӣ (horolīwʒamī), хоролӣвка̄ндемӣ (horolīwkānʒemī) | хороливканде-ми, учисин-ми | |||||||
| 127 | to fall | tik-[295] | tuhe- | ᡨᡠᡥᡝᠮᠪᡳ (tuhembi) | бурудемӣ (buruʒemī), тыкчэмӣ (tikçəmī) | тык-ми | |||||||
| 128 | to give | bu:-[296] | bu- | ᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ (bumbi) | бӯдемӣ (būʒemī), бӯмӣ (būmī) | бу-ми | |||||||
| 129 | to hold | dʒɔ:tʃa-[297] | jafa- | ᠵᠠᡶᠠᠮᠪᡳ (jafambi) | дявучамӣ (ʒawuçamī) | дявуча-ми | |||||||
| 130 | to squeeze | ʃir-[298] | hafita- | ᡥᠠᡶᡳᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (hafilambi) | дапчудямӣ (dapçuʒamī), тырэ̄демӣ (tirə̄ʒemī) | тырэде-ми | |||||||
| 131 | to rub | iki-[299] | monji-, monjira- | ᠮᠣᠨᠵᡳᠮᠪᡳ (monjimbi); ᠮᠣᠨᠵᡳᡵᠠᠮᠪᡳ (monjirambi) | сикидемӣ (sikiʒemī) | сикиде-ми | |||||||
| 132 | to wash | ʃɪlkɪ[300] | obo- | ᠣᠪᠣᠮᠪᡳ (obombi) | авдямӣ (awʒamī), силкидямӣ (silkiʒamī), булдямӣ (bulʒamī), булкудямӣ (bulkuʒamī) | авдя-ми, силкидя-ми | |||||||
| 133 | to wipe | awʊ-[301] | fu- | ᡶᡠᠮᠪᡳ (fumbi) | авдямӣ (awʒamī), тэсидемӣ (təsiʒemī), авмӣ (awmī) | ав-ми | |||||||
| 134 | to pull | ta:n-[302] | tata- | ᡨᠠᡨᠠᠮᠪᡳ (tatambi) | анӯтчамӣ (anūtçamī), анадямӣ (anaʒamī) | танде-ми | |||||||
| 135 | to push | ana-[303] | ana- | ᠠᠨᠠᠮᠪᡳ (anambi) | анӯтчамӣ (anūtçamī), анадямӣ (anaʒamī) | анутча-ми | |||||||
| 136 | to throw | garʊnda:-[304] | makta-, waliyabu- | ᠮᠠᡴᡨᠠᠮᠪᡳ (maktambi); ᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ (waliyabumbi) | усэ̄ндэ̄демӣ (usə̄ndə̄ʒemī), но̄дӯдямӣ (nōdūʒamī), гаранда̄демӣ (garandāʒemī) | гарандаде-ми, усэндэде-ми | |||||||
| 137 | to tie | u:yi-[305], ərkə-[306] | huthu-, hūwaita- | ᡥᡠᡨᡥᡠᠮᠪᡳ (huthumbi); ᡥᡡᠸᠠᡳᡨᠠᠮᠪᡳ (hūwaitambi) | нэкэдемӣ (nəkəʒemī), сувдямӣ (suwʒamī), хэркэмӣ (hərkəmī) | хэркэ-ми, ситымнэ-ми | |||||||
| 138 | to sew | uli:-[307] | ufi- | ᡠᡶᡳᠮᠪᡳ (ufimbi) | уллидемӣ (ulliʒemī), улдыдемӣ (uldiʒemī) | улгэ-ми | |||||||
| 139 | to count | taŋ-[308] | tolo- | ᡨᠣᠯᠣᠮᠪᡳ (tolombi) | таӈдямӣ (taŋʒamī) | таҥ-ми | |||||||
| 140 | to say | un-[309], gun-[310] | hendu- gisure- se- |
ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᠪᡳ (hendumbi); ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳ (gisurembi); ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ (sembi) | гундемӣ (gunʒemī), гӯнмӣ (gūnmī) | гун-ми | |||||||
| 141 | to sing | dʒa:nda-[311] | ucule-, yangkūnggala- | ᡠᠴᡠᠯᡝᠮᠪᡳ (uculembi); ᠶᠠᠩᡴᡡᠩᡤᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (yangkūnggalambi) | икэдеми (ikəʒemi) | икэде-ми | |||||||
| 142 | to play | əwi-[312] | efi- | ᡝᡶᡳᠮᠪᡳ (efimbi) | эвидеми (əwiʒemi) | эвиде-ми | |||||||
| 143 | to float | kəpə:n-[313] | dekde- | ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᠮᠪᡳ (dekdembi) | элбэскэ̄тчэмӣ (əlbəskə̄tçəmī) | ||||||||
| 144 | to flow | əyə:-[314] | eye- | ᡝᠶᡝᠮᠪᡳ (eyembi) | эе̄ндемӣ (əjēnʒemī) | ||||||||
| 145 | to freeze | dɔŋɔtɔ-[315] | gece- juhe jafa- |
ᡤᡝᠴᡝᠮᠪᡳ (gecembi); ᠵᡠᡥᡝ ᠵᠠᡶᠠᠮᠪᡳ (juhe jafambi) |
хёмурдемӣ (hjomurʒemī), доӈотодёмӣ (doŋotoʒomī) | доҥотодё-ми | |||||||
| 146 | to swell | awul[316] | aibi- dukdure- |
ᠠᡳᠪᡳᠮᠪᡳ (aibimbi); ᡩᡠᡴᡩᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳ (dukdurembi) | кэпэдемӣ (kəpəʒemī), курбэдемӣ (kurbəʒemī), авулдямӣ (awulʒamī), нуӈдемӣ (nuŋʒemī) | доҥотодё-ми | |||||||
| 147 | sun | dɪlatʃa[317], ʃiwun[318] | šun | ᡧᡠᠨ (šun) | дылачан (dilaçan), сигун (sigun) | нөлтэн | сӯ (sū) | *ʃun | |||||
| 148 | moon | bɛga[319] | biya | ᠪᡳᠶᠠ (biya) | бега (bega) | бега | бе̄ (bē) | биа (bia) | *bia | ||||
| 149 | star | ɔʃɪkta[320] | usiha | ᡠᠰᡳᡥᠠ (usiha) | о̄сикта (ōsikta), о̄сика̄кта (ōsikākta) | осикта | ваикта (waikta) | осиакта (osiakta) | |c=12| *oʃï, *oʃïxa | ||||
| 150 | water | mu:[321] | muke | ᠮᡠᡴᡝ (muke) | мӯ (mū) | мө | ули (uli) | мӯ (mū), мө (mö) | муэ (muə) | *muwə | |||
| 151 | rain | tigdə[322] | aga | ᠠᡤᠠ (aga) | тыгдэ (tigdə), удун (udun) | тыгдэ, удун | тигдэ (tigdə) | тугдэ (tugdə) | *a-ga | ||||
| 152 | river | bira[323] | bira ula |
ᠪᡳᡵᠠ (bira); ᡠᠯᠠ (ula) | бира (bira) | окат (okat)? | биаса (biasa), ули (uli) | уни (uni) | *ula | ||||
| 153 | lake | amʊdʒi[324] | omo tenggin noor |
ᠣᠮᠣ (omo); ᡨᡝᠩᡤᡳᠨ (tenggin); ᠨᠣᠣᡵ (noor) | амут (amut), ня̄рут (ņārut), туӈэ̄р (tuŋə̄r) | амут, нярут | тоӈи (toŋi) | омо̄ (omō) | |||||
| 154 | sea | dalay[325] | namu mederi |
ᠨᠠᠮᡠ (namu); ᠮᡝᡩᡝᡵᡳ (mederi) | ламу (lamu), лам (lam), далай (dalaj) | ламу, далай | наму (namu) | наму (namu), наммо̄ (nammō) | намо (namo) | *mədə-əri | |||
| 155 | salt | dɔ:sun[326], katagan[327] | dabsun | ᡩᠠᠪᠰᡠᠨ (dabsun) | турукэ (turukə), давахун (dawahun), тус (tus) | турукэ, давахун, тус (Sakha) | даусу (dausu) | даосон (daoson), даосун (daosun) | |||||
| 156 | stone | dʒɔlɔ[328] | wehe | ᠸᡝᡥᡝ (wehe) | дёло (ʒolo), хисэ (hisə), иӈа̄ (iŋā), ихэ (ihə) | дёл (джол) | ӡоло (ʒolo) | ӡоло (ʒolo) | *wə-xə | ||||
| 157 | sand | ʃirgi[329] | yonggan | ᠶᠣᠩᡤᠠᠨ (yonggan) | иӈа̄ (iŋā), сируги (sirugi), сиргӣ (sirgī), сиргӣлан (sirgīlan) | иҥа, сируги, сирги | |||||||
| 158 | dust | tɔ:rag[330] | buraki | ᠪᡠᡵᠠᡴᡳ (buraki) | тукала (tukala)，намнэ (namnə) | тукала, намнэ | *burə-ki? | ||||||
| 159 | earth | tʊkala[331] | na | ᠨᠠ (na) | тукала (tukala) | тукала | на̄ (nā) | на̄ (nā) | |||||
| 160 | cloud | tukʃu[332] | tugi | ᡨᡠᡤᡳ (tugi) | туксу (tuksu), нектэ (ņektə) | тугэчин | *tu-ŋgi | ||||||
| 161 | fog | tamna[333] | talman | ᡨᠠᠯᠮᠠᠨ (talman) | тамнакса (tamnaksa) | тамнак`са | тамна (tamna) | *tamaŋgi | |||||
| 162 | sky | bʊwa[334] | abka, niyangniya (clear sky) | ᠠᠪᡴᠠ (abka); ᠨᡳᠶᠠᠩᠨᡳᠶᠠ (niyangniya) | буга (buga), няӈна (ņaŋna) | няҥна, буга | боүа (boɣa) | њаӈња | наӈна (naŋna), бо̄ (bō) | *abxa | |||
| 163 | wind | ədin[335] | edun | ᡝᡩᡠᠨ (edun) | эрдын (ərdin), удун (udun), сигир (sigir) | эрдын | эди (ədi) | хэду (hèdu) | *ədu-un | ||||
| 164 | snow | ɪmana[336] | nimanggi | ᠨᡳᠮᠠᠩᡤᡳ (nimanggi) | иманна (imanna), сиӈилгэн (siŋilgən), хиӈилгэн (hiŋilgən), чигдян (çigʒan) | иманна | има (ima) | *ima-ŋgi | |||||
| 165 | ice | umukʃu[337] | juhe | ᠵᡠᡥᡝ (juhe) | дюкэ (ʒukə) | дюкэ | ӡуғэ | *dʒu-xə | |||||
| 166 | smoke | ʃaŋŋan[338] | šanggiyan | ᡧᠠᠩᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ (šanggiyan) | саӈнян (saŋņan) | ханин | *ʃaŋ-gian? | ||||||
| 167 | fire | tɔɣɔ[339] | tuwa | ᡨᡠᠸᠠ (tuwa) | того (togo) | тог | тоғо (toɤo) | *towo | |||||
| 168 | ash | uləptən[340] | fulenggi | ᡶᡠᠯᡝᠩᡤᡳ (fulenggi) | хулэптэн (huləptən), тукала̄ (tukalā) | хулэптэн, тукала | furɵ-gi? | ||||||
| 169 | to burn (v.i.) | dalga-[341] | deiji- | ᡩᡝᡳᠵᡳᠮᠪᡳ (deijimbi) | дегды̄демӣ (ʒegdīʒemī), лургидемӣ (lurgiʒemī), котородёмӣ (kotoroʒomī) | дегдэде-ми | |||||||
| 170 | road | ɔktɔ[342] | jugūn, on | ᠵᡠᡤᡡᠨ (jugūn); ᠣᠨ (on) | хотко (hotko) | хотаран | хокто (xokto) | ||||||
| 171 | mountain | urə[343] | alin | ᠠᠯᡳᠨ (alin) | урэ (urə) | урэ | вуэ (wuə), кэктимэ (kəktimə) | хурэ̄н (hurə̄n) | *ali-in | ||||
| 172 | red | ʊla:rɪn[344] | fulgiyan | ᡶᡠᠯᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ (fulgiyan) | хулама (hulama), хуларин (hularin), хо̄лбама (hōlbama) | хуланя | хулалиғи | *fula-giɛn | |||||
| 173 | green | tʃuturin[345] | niowanggiyan | ᠨᡳᠣᠸᠠᠩᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ (niowanggiyan) | чулама (çulama), чуларин (çularin), чурин (çurin) | чулбаня | њолиғи | *non-gian ("blue") | |||||
| 174 | yellow | ʃɪŋarɪn[346] | suwayan | ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠶᠠᠨ (suwayan) | сиӈарин (siŋarin), сиӈама (siŋama), сиӈэлэмэ (siŋələmə) | хиҥаня | хо̄лиғи | ԩо̄гдо (ɲōgdo) | *so-gian | ||||
| 175 | white | bagdarɪn[347] | šanggiyan; šanyan | ᡧᠠᠩᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ (šanggiyan); ᡧᠠᠨᠶᠠᠨ (šanyan) | багдама (bagdama), багдарин (bagdarin) | нёбати | *ʃaŋ-gian? | ||||||
| 176 | black | kɔŋnɔrɪn[348] | sahaliyan | ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ (sahaliyan) | коӈномо (koŋnomo), коӈнорин (koŋnorin) | хакарин | *saxa-lia | ||||||
| 177 | night | dɔlbɔ[349] | dobori | ᡩᠣᠪᠣᡵᡳ (dobori) | долбони (dolboņi), луӈур (luŋur) | долбони | догбо (dogbo) | *dolō | |||||
| 178 | day | inəŋ[350] | inenggi | ᡳᠨᡝᠩᡤᡳ (inenggi) | тырганӣ (tirgaņī), инэӈӣ (inəŋī) | инэҥи | инэӈи (inəŋi) | инэӈи (inəŋi) | инэӈи (inèŋi) | *inəŋgi | |||
| 179 | year | aŋŋanɪ[351] | aniya | ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ (aniya) | анӈанӣ (anŋaņī) | анҥани | анани (anani) | *ania | |||||
| 180 | warm | ɲama[352] | bulukan, halukan | ᠪᡠᠯᡠᡴᠠᠨᠠ (bulukana); ᡥᠠᠯᡠᡴᠠᠨ (halukan) | няма (ņama), нямапчу (ņamapçu) | няма | *xalun | ||||||
| 181 | cold | iŋin[353] | šahūrun | ᡧᠠᡥᡡᡵᡠᠨ (šahūrun) | буркас (burkas), игэсчэрӣ (igəsçərī), иӈинӣпчу (iŋiņīpçu), хиктырэ̄ (hiktirə̄) | иҥинипчу | *ʃən-un? | ||||||
| 182 | full | dʒalʊm[354] | jaluka | ᠵᠠᠯᡠᡴᠠ (jaluka) | дялум (ʒalum) | дялум | *dʒal-lu-xa? | ||||||
| 183 | new | irkəkin[355] | ice | ᡳᠴᡝ (ice) | о̄макта (ōmakta), ирчэ̄ (irçə̄) | ирчэ, омакта | *itʃə | ||||||
| 184 | old | ʃagdɪ[356] | fe, sakda | ᡶᡝ (fe); ᠰᠠᡴ᠋ᡩ᠋ᠠ (sakda) | сагды (sagdi) | сагды | *fu-ə | ||||||
| 185 | good | aya[357] | sain | ᠰᠠᡳᠨ (sain) | ая (aja) | ая | айа (aia) | аја (aja), улиӈга (uliŋga) | улэ (ulə), ая (aja) | ая (aja), | *sai-in | ||
| 186 | bad | əru[358] | ehe | ᡝᡥᡝ (ehe) | эрӯ (ərū) | эру | эхэлэ (əxələ) | *əxə | |||||
| 187 | rotten | nukuntʃa[359] | niyaha, ibtenehe | ᠨᡳᠶᠠᡥᠠ (niyaha); ᡳᠪᡨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ (ibtenehe) | муну (munu), ухук (uhuk) | муну, ухук | |||||||
| 188 | dirty | bʊdʒar[360] | nantuhūn langse |
ᠨᠠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡡᠨ (nantuhūn); ᠯᠠᠩᠰᡝ (langse) | няӈнячӣ (ņaŋņaçī), няӈняды̄ (ņaŋņadī), булэ̄чӣ (bulə̄çī) | булэчи, няҥняды | тэгбэни (təgbəni) | ||||||
| 189 | straight | tʃitʃur[361] | sijirhūn | ᠰᡳᠵᡳᡵᡥᡡᠨ (sijirhūn) | |||||||||
| 190 | round | boŋbəlin[362] | muheliyen | ᠮᡠᡥᡝᠯᡳᠶᡝᠨ (muheliyen) | муӈумэ (muŋumə), мукчумэ (mukçumə), чулбурэ (çulburə), мумбэр (mumbər) | муҥумэ, чулбурэ | бомболь-бомболь (bombol'-bombol') | ||||||
| 191 | sharp | əmər[363] | dacun, šulihun, šolonggo | ᡩᠠᠴᡠᠨ (dacun); ᡧᡠᠯᡳᡥᡠᠨ (šulihun); ᡧᠣᠯᠣᠩᡤᠣ (šolonggo) | эмир (əmir), делтумэ (ʒeltumə) | эмир | |||||||
| 192 | dull | mampa[364] | modo | ᠮᠣᡩᠣ (modo) | хэепчэ̄ (həjepçə̄), ее (jeje), муктукӣ (muktukī), тэптые а̄чин (təptije āçin), эхи тэптырэ (əhi təptirə), эхивчэ (əhiwçə) | хаэпчэ, муктуки | |||||||
| 193 | smooth | burtʃurin[365] | necin, bišun | ᠨᡝᠴᡳᠨ (necin); ᠪᡳᡧᡠᠨ (bišun) | наптама (naptama), наптака̄н (naptakān), наптарин (naptarin) | наптама | |||||||
| 194 | wet | wʊlapkʊn[366] | derbehun, usihin | ᡩᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡠᠨ (delbehun); ᡠᠰᡳᡥᡳᠨ (usihin) | улапкун (ulapkun) | улапкун | |||||||
| 195 | dry | ɔlgɔkin[367], iləŋ[368] | olhon | ᠣᠯᡥᠣᠨ (olhon) | олгокин (olgokin) | огони (ogoni) | |||||||
| 196 | correct | tədʒə:[369] | acanaha, tob giyangga | ᠠᠴᠠᠨᠠᡥᠠ (acanaha); ᡨᠣᠪ ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ (tob giyangga) |
тэде, кэкэй | ||||||||
| 197 | near | daga[370] | hanci, hamika | ᡥᠠᠨᠴᡳ (hanci); ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ (hamika) | дага (daga), дагама (dagama), дагалта (dagalta), да̄ (dā), да̄лта (dālta), та̄ма (tāma) | дага | |||||||
| 198 | far | gɔrɔ[371] | goro | ᡤᠣᡵᠣ (goro) | горо (goro) | горо | *goro, *goron | ||||||
| 199 | right | a:n[372] | ici | ᡳᠴᡳ (ici) | анӈӯ (anŋū) | анҥу | |||||||
| 200 | left | dʒəyin[373] | hashū | ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ (hashū) | дегинӈӯ (ʒeginŋū) | дэгинҥу | *xai-su | ||||||
| 201 | at | -de | ᡩᡝ (de) | -дӯ (-dū), -тӯ (-tū) | -ду, -ту | -ду (-du) | -ду (-du), -до (-do) | *-do 〜 *-du | |||||
| 202 | because | dʒa:lin[374] | ...jalin (+ de), ...be dahame, ...turgunde, adarame seci, ... | ᠵᠠᠯᡳᠨ (jalin); ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ (be dahame); ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨᡩᡝ (turgunde); ᠠᡩᠠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠰᡝᠴᡳ (adarame seci) |
тарит (tarit) | -дярин | |||||||
| 203 | in | dolo | ᡩᠣᠯᠣ (dolo) | -ла̄ (-lā), -дула̄ (-dulā), -тула̄ (-tulā) | -ла, -дула | *do-lo | |||||||
| 204 | with | ...emgi, ...sasa | ᡝᠮᡤᡳ (emgi); ᠰᠠᠰᠠ (sasa) | -нун (-nun), -гали (-gali), -тай (-taj) | -нун, -гали, -тай | ||||||||
| 205 | if | aika, aikabade | ᠠᡳᡴᠠ (aika); ᠠᡳᡴᠠᠪᠠᡩᡝ (aikabade) | -раки (-raki), -наки (-naki), -лаки (-laki), -таки (-taki), -мӣ (-mī) | -раки, -наки | ||||||||
| 206 | and | jai | ᠵᠠᡳ (jai) | -да̄ (-dā), -дэ̄ (-də̄), тугӣ-дэ̄ (tugī-də̄) | -да, -дэ, туги-дэ | ||||||||
| 207 | name | gərbi[375] | gebu | ᡤᡝᠪᡠ (gebu) | гэрби (gərbi) | гэрби | гэгби (gəgbi) | гэлбу (gèlbu) | гэрбу (gərbu) | *gə-bu |
Sources and references
- Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. 2009. "Oroqen vocabulary" In: Haspelmath, Martin & Tadmor, Uri (eds.) World Loanword Database. Munich: Max Planck Digital Library, 1138 entries. http://wold.clld.org/vocabulary/20
- Roth Li, Gertraude. Manchu: a Textbook for Reading Documents. Honolulu, Hawaii: University of Hawaiʻi Press, 2000.
- Vasilevich G.M. Russian-Even dictionary, S-Petersburg, Prosveschenie, 2005
- T.F.Alexandrova, F.M.Lehanova, V.P.Marfusalova, We start learning the Evenki language，Neryungri 1999 (in Evenki and Russian)
- Tsintsius V.I. The Language of Negidal, Leningrad, 1982 (in Russian and Negidal)
- Qicong Jin, Jurchen Dictionary, Cultural Relics Press, 1984 (in Chinese and Jurchen)
- E.A.Bibikova, Uiltadairisu, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, 2008 (in Orok and Russian)
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7923175562415433
- ^ Qianlong Emperor, Enlarged and Revised Dictionary of Manchu Words, Vol.18, Category of Person 9th, Genre of I and You 1st, I. 1771
abkai wehiyehe hūwangdi, han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan jakūci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon uyuci, bi si sere hacin uju, bi. 1771
清高宗弘历. 御制增订清文鉴/卷十八/人部九/尔我类第一/我. 1771 - ^ G.M.Vasilyevich. Evenki-Russian Dictionary. State Publishing House of Foreign National Dictionaries, 1958: p.53
Г.М.Василевич. Эвенкийско-Русский Словарь. Государственное Издательство Иностранных Национальных Словарей, 1958:p.53 - ^ V.A.Robbek, M.E.Robbek, Even-Russian Dictionary. Novosibirsk Science Press, 2005:p.55
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвенско-Русский Словарь. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.55
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвэды-Ню̄чиды Тө̄рэрук. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.55 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius, Negidal Language. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1982:p.197
В.И.Цинциус. Негидальский Язык. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское отделение, 1982:p197 - ^ P.Schmidt. The Language of the Oroches. Acta Universitatis Latviensis 17, 1928:p.26
- ^ I.Nikolaeva, M.Tolskaya. A Grammar of Udihe. Mouton de Gruyter, 2001:p.681
- ^ Sangyub Baek. Correlative Clauses with Interrogative in Udihe. Northern Language Studies. 2011(1):p.101
白尚燁. ウデヘ語の疑問視による相関構文. 北方言語研究. 2011(1):p.101 - ^ L.V.Ozoliniya, N.Y.Fedyaeva. Orok-Russian and Russian-Orok Dictionary. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2003:p.294
Л.В.Озолиня, И.Я.Федяева. Орокско-Русский и Русско-Орокский Словарь. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалиное книжное издательство, 2003:p.294 - ^ Jiro Ikegami, E.A.Bibikova. Uiltadairisu. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2008:p.90
Дзиро Икэгами, Е.А.Бибикова. Уилтадаирису, Говорим по-уильтински. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалинское книжное издательство, 2008:p.90 - ^ S.V.Angina. Russian-Ulch Phrasebook. Bogorodskoye, 1993:p.36
С.В.Ангина. Русско-Ульчский Разговорник (Луча-Нани Урчулумбуку). Богородское, 1993:p.36 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.1. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.79
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅰ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.79 - ^ S.N.Onenko. Nanai-Russian Dictionary. Moscow Publishing House <<Russian Language>>, 1980:p.261
С.Н.Оненко. Нанаиско-Русский Словарь. Москва Издательство <<Русский Язык>>, 1980:p.261 - ^ Qicong Jin. Jurchen Dictionary. Cultural Relics Press, 1984:p.20
金启孮. 女真文辞典. 文物出版社. 1984:p.20 - ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7923176786321920
- ^ Qianlong Emperor, Enlarged and Revised Dictionary of Manchu Words, Vol.18, Category of Person 9th, Genre of I and You 1st, You(Singular). 1771
abkai wehiyehe hūwangdi, han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan jakūci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon uyuci, bi si sere hacin uju, si. 1771
清高宗弘历. 御制增订清文鉴/卷十八/人部九/尔我类第一/你. 1771 - ^ G.M.Vasilyevich. Evenki-Russian Dictionary. State Publishing House of Foreign National Dictionaries, 1958: p.348
Г.М.Василевич. Эвенкийско-Русский Словарь. Государственное Издательство Иностранных Национальных Словарей, 1958:p.348 - ^ V.A.Robbek, M.E.Robbek, Even-Russian Dictionary. Novosibirsk Science Press, 2005:p.287
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвенско-Русский Словарь. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.287
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвэды-Ню̄чиды Тө̄рэрук. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.287 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius, Negidal Language. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1982:p.265
В.И.Цинциус. Негидальский Язык. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское отделение, 1982:p265 - ^ P.Schmidt. The Language of the Oroches. Acta Universitatis Latviensis 17, 1928:p.54
- ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.73
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.73 - ^ L.V.Ozoliniya, N.Y.Fedyaeva. Orok-Russian and Russian-Orok Dictionary. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2003:p.284
Л.В.Озолиня, И.Я.Федяева. Орокско-Русский и Русско-Орокский Словарь. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалиное книжное издательство, 2003:p.284 - ^ Jiro Ikegami, E.A.Bibikova. Uiltadairisu. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2008:p.101
Дзиро Икэгами, Е.А.Бибикова. Уилтадаирису, Говорим по-уильтински. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалинское книжное издательство, 2008:p.101 - ^ S.V.Angina. Russian-Ulch Phrasebook. Bogorodskoye, 1993:p.36
С.В.Ангина. Русско-Ульчский Разговорник (Луча-Нани Урчулумбуку). Богородское, 1993:p.36 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.73
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.73 - ^ S.N.Onenko. Nanai-Russian Dictionary. Moscow Publishing House <<Russian Language>>, 1980:p.356
С.Н.Оненко. Нанаиско-Русский Словарь. Москва Издательство <<Русский Язык>>, 1980:p.356 - ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/9252153545328562
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7923177418378311
- ^ Qianlong Emperor, Enlarged and Revised Dictionary of Manchu Words, Vol.18, Category of Person 9th, Genre of I and You 1st, He. 1771
abkai wehiyehe hūwangdi, han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan jakūci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon uyuci, bi si sere hacin uju, i. 1771
清高宗弘历. 御制增订清文鉴/卷十八/人部九/尔我类第一/他. 1771 - ^ Qianlong Emperor, Enlarged and Revised Dictionary of Manchu Words, Vol.18, Category of Person 9th, Genre of I and You 2nd, That. 1771
abkai wehiyehe hūwangdi, han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan jakūci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon uyuci, bi si sere hacin jai, tere. 1771
清高宗弘历. 御制增订清文鉴/卷十八/人部九/尔我类第二/那个. 1771 - ^ G.M.Vasilyevich. Evenki-Russian Dictionary. State Publishing House of Foreign National Dictionaries, 1958: p.299
Г.М.Василевич. Эвенкийско-Русский Словарь. Государственное Издательство Иностранных Национальных Словарей, 1958:p.299 - ^ V.A.Robbek, M.E.Robbek, Even-Russian Dictionary. Novosibirsk Science Press, 2005:p.197
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвенско-Русский Словарь. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.197
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвэды-Ню̄чиды Тө̄рэрук. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.197 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius, Negidal Language. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1982:p.247
В.И.Цинциус. Негидальский Язык. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское отделение, 1982:p.247 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius, Negidal Language. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1982:p.247
В.И.Цинциус. Негидальский Язык. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское отделение, 1982:p.247 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.1. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.611
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅰ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.611 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.1. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.611
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅰ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.611 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.1. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.611
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅰ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.611 - ^ L.V.Ozoliniya, N.Y.Fedyaeva. Orok-Russian and Russian-Orok Dictionary. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2003:p.247
Л.В.Озолиня, И.Я.Федяева. Орокско-Русский и Русско-Орокский Словарь. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалиное книжное издательство, 2003:p.247 - ^ Jiro Ikegami, E.A.Bibikova. Uiltadairisu. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2008:p.98
Дзиро Икэгами, Е.А.Бибикова. Уилтадаирису, Говорим по-уильтински. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалинское книжное издательство, 2008:p.98 - ^ S.V.Angina. Russian-Ulch Phrasebook. Bogorodskoye, 1993:p.35
С.В.Ангина. Русско-Ульчский Разговорник (Луча-Нани Урчулумбуку). Богородское, 1993:p.35 - ^ S.N.Onenko. Nanai-Russian Dictionary. Moscow Publishing House <<Russian Language>>, 1980:p.288
С.Н.Оненко. Нанаиско-Русский Словарь. Москва Издательство <<Русский Язык>>, 1980:p.288 - ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7923188549654927
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7923188549654927
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7923187679495306
- ^ Qianlong Emperor, Enlarged and Revised Dictionary of Manchu Words, Vol.18, Category of Person 9th, Genre of I and You 1st, We(Exclusice). 1771
abkai wehiyehe hūwangdi, han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan jakūci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon uyuci, bi si sere hacin uju, be. 1771
清高宗弘历. 御制增订清文鉴/卷十八/人部九/尔我类第一/我们. 1771 - ^ Qianlong Emperor, Enlarged and Revised Dictionary of Manchu Words, Vol.18, Category of Person 9th, Genre of I and You 2nd, We(Inclusive). 1771
abkai wehiyehe hūwangdi, han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan jakūci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon uyuci, bi si sere hacin jai, muse. 1771
清高宗弘历. 御制增订清文鉴/卷十八/人部九/尔我类第二/咱们. 1771 - ^ G.M.Vasilyevich. Evenki-Russian Dictionary. State Publishing House of Foreign National Dictionaries, 1958: p.62
Г.М.Василевич. Эвенкийско-Русский Словарь. Государственное Издательство Иностранных Национальных Словарей, 1958:p.62 - ^ G.M.Vasilyevich. Evenki-Russian Dictionary. State Publishing House of Foreign National Dictionaries, 1958:p.254
Г.М.Василевич. Эвенкийско-Русский Словарь. Государственное Издательство Иностранных Национальных Словарей, 1958:p.254 - ^ V.A.Robbek, M.E.Robbek, Even-Russian Dictionary. Novosibirsk Science Press, 2005:p.61
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвенско-Русский Словарь. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.61
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвэды-Ню̄чиды Тө̄рэрук. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.61 - ^ V.A.Robbek, M.E.Robbek, Even-Russian Dictionary. Novosibirsk Science Press, 2005:p.266
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвенско-Русский Словарь. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.266
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвэды-Ню̄чиды Тө̄рэрук. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.266 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius, Negidal Language. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1982:p.199
В.И.Цинциус. Негидальский Язык. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское отделение, 1982:p.199 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius, Negidal Language. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1982:p.197
В.И.Цинциус. Негидальский Язык. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское отделение, 1982:p.197 - ^ P.Schmidt. The Language of the Oroches. Acta Universitatis Latviensis 17, 1928:p.27
- ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.1. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.98
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅰ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.98 - ^ P.Schmidt. The Language of the Oroches. Acta Universitatis Latviensis 17, 1928:p.27
- ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.1. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.539
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅰ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.539 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.1. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.98
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅰ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.98 - ^ P.Schmidt. The Language of the Oroches. Acta Universitatis Latviensis 17, 1928:p.27
- ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.1. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.539
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅰ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.539 - ^ L.V.Ozoliniya, N.Y.Fedyaeva. Orok-Russian and Russian-Orok Dictionary. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2003:p.240
Л.В.Озолиня, И.Я.Федяева. Орокско-Русский и Русско-Орокский Словарь. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалиное книжное издательство, 2003:p.240 - ^ Jiro Ikegami, E.A.Bibikova. Uiltadairisu. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2008:p.91
Дзиро Икэгами, Е.А.Бибикова. Уилтадаирису, Говорим по-уильтински. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалинское книжное издательство, 2008:p.91 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.1. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.98
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅰ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.98 - ^ S.V.Angina. Russian-Ulch Phrasebook. Bogorodskoye, 1993:p.35
С.В.Ангина. Русско-Ульчский Разговорник (Луча-Нани Урчулумбуку). Богородское, 1993:p.35 - ^ S.N.Onenko. Nanai-Russian Dictionary. Moscow Publishing House <<Russian Language>>, 1980:p.83
С.Н.Оненко. Нанаиско-Русский Словарь. Москва Издательство <<Русский Язык>>, 1980:p.83 - ^ Qicong Jin. Jurchen Dictionary. Cultural Relics Press, 1984:p.186
金启孮. 女真文辞典. 文物出版社. 1984:p.186 - ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/9252153545328562
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7923189219868665
- ^ Qianlong Emperor, Enlarged and Revised Dictionary of Manchu Words, Vol.18, Category of Person 9th, Genre of I and You 1st, You(Plural). 1771
abkai wehiyehe hūwangdi, han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan jakūci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon uyuci, bi si sere hacin uju, suwe. 1771
清高宗弘历. 御制增订清文鉴/卷十八/人部九/尔我类第一/你们. 1771 - ^ G.M.Vasilyevich. Evenki-Russian Dictionary. State Publishing House of Foreign National Dictionaries, 1958: p.365
Г.М.Василевич. Эвенкийско-Русский Словарь. Государственное Издательство Иностранных Национальных Словарей, 1958:p.365 - ^ V.A.Robbek, M.E.Robbek, Even-Russian Dictionary. Novosibirsk Science Press, 2005:p.306
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвенско-Русский Словарь. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.306
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвэды-Ню̄чиды Тө̄рэрук. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.306 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius, Negidal Language. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1982:p.269
В.И.Цинциус. Негидальский Язык. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское отделение, 1982:p.269 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.115
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.115 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.115
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.115 - ^ L.V.Ozoliniya, N.Y.Fedyaeva. Orok-Russian and Russian-Orok Dictionary. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2003:p.204
Л.В.Озолиня, И.Я.Федяева. Орокско-Русский и Русско-Орокский Словарь. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалиное книжное издательство, 2003:p.204 - ^ Jiro Ikegami, E.A.Bibikova. Uiltadairisu. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2008:p.102
Дзиро Икэгами, Е.А.Бибикова. Уилтадаирису, Говорим по-уильтински. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалинское книжное издательство, 2008:p.102 - ^ S.V.Angina. Russian-Ulch Phrasebook. Bogorodskoye, 1993:p.36
С.В.Ангина. Русско-Ульчский Разговорник (Луча-Нани Урчулумбуку). Богородское, 1993:p.36 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.115
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.115 - ^ S.N.Onenko. Nanai-Russian Dictionary. Moscow Publishing House <<Russian Language>>, 1980:p.381
С.Н.Оненко. Нанаиско-Русский Словарь. Москва Издательство <<Русский Язык>>, 1980:p.381 - ^ Qicong Jin. Jurchen Dictionary. Cultural Relics Press, 1984:p.52
金启孮. 女真文辞典. 文物出版社. 1984:p.52 - ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/79231811270899157
- ^ Qianlong Emperor, Enlarged and Revised Dictionary of Manchu Words, Vol.18, Category of Person 9th, Genre of I and You 2nd, I. 1771
abkai wehiyehe hūwangdi, han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan jakūci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon uyuci, bi si sere hacin jai, They. 1771
清高宗弘历. 御制增订清文鉴/卷十八/人部九/尔我类第二/他们. 1771 - ^ Qianlong Emperor, Enlarged and Revised Dictionary of Manchu Words, Vol.18, Category of Person 9th, Genre of I and You 2nd, I. 1771
abkai wehiyehe hūwangdi, han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan jakūci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon uyuci, bNi si sere hacin jai, They. 1771
清高宗弘历. 御制增订清文鉴/卷十八/人部九/尔我类第二/那们. 1771 - ^ G.M.Vasilyevich. Evenki-Russian Dictionary. State Publishing House of Foreign National Dictionaries, 1958:p.299
Г.М.Василевич. Эвенкийско-Русский Словарь. Государственное Издательство Иностранных Национальных Словарей, 1958:p.299 - ^ V.A.Robbek, M.E.Robbek, Even-Russian Dictionary. Novosibirsk Science Press, 2005:p.197
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвенско-Русский Словарь. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.197
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвэды-Ню̄чиды Тө̄рэрук. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.197 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius, Negidal Language. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1982:p.247
В.И.Цинциус. Негидальский Язык. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское отделение, 1982:p.247 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.1. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.611
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅰ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.611 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.1. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.611
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅰ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.611 - ^ L.V.Ozoliniya, N.Y.Fedyaeva. Orok-Russian and Russian-Orok Dictionary. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2003:p.247
Л.В.Озолиня, И.Я.Федяева. Орокско-Русский и Русско-Орокский Словарь. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалиное книжное издательство, 2003:p.e - ^ Jiro Ikegami, E.A.Bibikova. Uiltadairisu. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2008:p.98
Дзиро Икэгами, Е.А.Бибикова. Уилтадаирису, Говорим по-уильтински. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалинское книжное издательство, 2008:p.101 - ^ S.V.Angina. Russian-Ulch Phrasebook. Bogorodskoye, 1993:p.35
С.В.Ангина. Русско-Ульчский Разговорник (Луча-Нани Урчулумбуку). Богородское, 1993:p.35 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.1. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.611
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅰ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.611 - ^ S.N.Onenko. Nanai-Russian Dictionary. Moscow Publishing House <<Russian Language>>, 1980:p.288
С.Н.Оненко. Нанаиско-Русский Словарь. Москва Издательство <<Русский Язык>>, 1980:p.288 - ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71024162699939329
- ^ Qianlong Emperor, Enlarged and Revised Dictionary of Manchu Words, Vol.18, Category of Person 9th, Genre of I and You 2nd, This. 1771
abkai wehiyehe hūwangdi, han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan jakūci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon uyuci, bi si sere hacin jai, ere. 1771
清高宗弘历. 御制增订清文鉴/卷十八/人部九/尔我类第二/这个. 1771 - ^ G.M.Vasilyevich. Evenki-Russian Dictionary. State Publishing House of Foreign National Dictionaries, 1958:p.564
Г.М.Василевич. Эвенкийско-Русский Словарь. Государственное Издательство Иностранных Национальных Словарей, 1958:p.564 - ^ V.A.Robbek, M.E.Robbek, Even-Russian Dictionary. Novosibirsk Science Press, 2005:p.348
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвенско-Русский Словарь. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.348
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвэды-Ню̄чиды Тө̄рэрук. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.348 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius, Negidal Language. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1982:p.303
В.И.Цинциус. Негидальский Язык. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское отделение, 1982:p.303 - ^ P.Schmidt. The Language of the Oroches. Acta Universitatis Latviensis 17, 1928:p.51
- ^ V.T.Kyalundzyuga, N.E.Kimonko, E.V.Perekhvalskaya, G.S.Skorospelkina.
Study Guide on the Udege Language for Grade 2. Khabarovsk, 2018:p.169
В.Т.Кялундзюга, Н.Е.Кимонко, Е.В.Перехвальская, Г.С.Скороспелкина. Учебное Пособие по Удэгейскому Языку для 2 Класса. Хабаровск, 2018:p.169 - ^ L.V.Ozoliniya, N.Y.Fedyaeva. Orok-Russian and Russian-Orok Dictionary. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2003:p.293
Л.В.Озолиня, И.Я.Федяева. Орокско-Русский и Русско-Орокский Словарь. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалиное книжное издательство, 2003:p.293 - ^ L.V.Ozoliniya, N.Y.Fedyaeva. Orok-Russian and Russian-Orok Dictionary. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2003:p.293
Л.В.Озолиня, И.Я.Федяева. Орокско-Русский и Русско-Орокский Словарь. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалиное книжное издательство, 2003:p.293 - ^ Jiro Ikegami, E.A.Bibikova. Uiltadairisu. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2008:p.107
Дзиро Икэгами, Е.А.Бибикова. Уилтадаирису, Говорим по-уильтински. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалинское книжное издательство, 2008:p.107 - ^ Jiro Ikegami, E.A.Bibikova. Uiltadairisu. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2008:p.89
Дзиро Икэгами, Е.А.Бибикова. Уилтадаирису, Говорим по-уильтински. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалинское книжное издательство, 2008:p.89 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.461
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.461 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.1. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.98
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅰ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.98 - ^ S.V.Angina. Russian-Ulch Phrasebook. Bogorodskoye, 1993:p.35
С.В.Ангина. Русско-Ульчский Разговорник (Луча-Нани Урчулумбуку). Богородское, 1993:p.35 - ^ S.N.Onenko. Nanai-Russian Dictionary. Moscow Publishing House <<Russian Language>>, 1980:p.422
С.Н.Оненко. Нанаиско-Русский Словарь. Москва Издательство <<Русский Язык>>, 1980:p.422 - ^ S.N.Onenko. Nanai-Russian Dictionary. Moscow Publishing House <<Russian Language>>, 1980:p.523
С.Н.Оненко. Нанаиско-Русский Словарь. Москва Издательство <<Русский Язык>>, 1980:p.523 - ^ Qicong Jin. Jurchen Dictionary. Cultural Relics Press, 1984:p.19
金启孮. 女真文辞典. 文物出版社. 1984:p.19 - ^ Qicong Jin. Jurchen Dictionary. Cultural Relics Press, 1984:p.247
金启孮. 女真文辞典. 文物出版社. 1984:p.247 - ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/9252153545328562
- ^ Qianlong Emperor, Enlarged and Revised Dictionary of Manchu Words, Vol.18, Category of Person 9th, Genre of I and You 2nd, That. 1771
abkai wehiyehe hūwangdi, han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan jakūci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon uyuci, bi si sere hacin jai, tere. 1771
清高宗弘历. 御制增订清文鉴/卷十八/人部九/尔我类第二/那个. 1771 - ^ G.M.Vasilyevich. Evenki-Russian Dictionary. State Publishing House of Foreign National Dictionaries, 1958:p.564
Г.М.Василевич. Эвенкийско-Русский Словарь. Государственное Издательство Иностранных Национальных Словарей, 1958:p.564 - ^ G.M.Vasilyevich. Evenki-Russian Dictionary. State Publishing House of Foreign National Dictionaries, 1958:p.564
Г.М.Василевич. Эвенкийско-Русский Словарь. Государственное Издательство Иностранных Национальных Словарей, 1958:p.564 - ^ V.A.Robbek, M.E.Robbek, Even-Russian Dictionary. Novosibirsk Science Press, 2005:p.242
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвенско-Русский Словарь. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.242
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвэды-Ню̄чиды Тө̄рэрук. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.242 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius, Negidal Language. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1982:p.272
В.И.Цинциус. Негидальский Язык. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское отделение, 1982:p.272 - ^ P.Schmidt. The Language of the Oroches. Acta Universitatis Latviensis 17, 1928:p.166
- ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.166
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.166 - ^ P.Schmidt. The Language of the Oroches. Acta Universitatis Latviensis 17, 1928:p.166
- ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.166
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.166 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.166
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.166 - ^ V.T.Kyalundzyuga, N.E.Kimonko, E.V.Perekhvalskaya, G.S.Skorospelkina.
Study Guide on the Udege Language for Grade 2. Khabarovsk, 2018:p.169
В.Т.Кялундзюга, Н.Е.Кимонко, Е.В.Перехвальская, Г.С.Скороспелкина. Учебное Пособие по Удэгейскому Языку для 2 Класса. Хабаровск, 2018:p.166 - ^ L.V.Ozoliniya, N.Y.Fedyaeva. Orok-Russian and Russian-Orok Dictionary. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2003:p.284
Л.В.Озолиня, И.Я.Федяева. Орокско-Русский и Русско-Орокский Словарь. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалиное книжное издательство, 2003:p.284 - ^ Jiro Ikegami, E.A.Bibikova. Uiltadairisu. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2008:p.102
Дзиро Икэгами, Е.А.Бибикова. Уилтадаирису, Говорим по-уильтински. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалинское книжное издательство, 2008:p.102 - ^ S.V.Angina. Russian-Ulch Phrasebook. Bogorodskoye, 1993:p.35
С.В.Ангина. Русско-Ульчский Разговорник (Луча-Нани Урчулумбуку). Богородское, 1993:p.35 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.166
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.166 - ^ S.N.Onenko. Nanai-Russian Dictionary. Moscow Publishing House <<Russian Language>>, 1980:p.407
С.Н.Оненко. Нанаиско-Русский Словарь. Москва Издательство <<Русский Язык>>, 1980:p.407 - ^ S.N.Onenko. Nanai-Russian Dictionary. Moscow Publishing House <<Russian Language>>, 1980:p.416
С.Н.Оненко. Нанаиско-Русский Словарь. Москва Издательство <<Русский Язык>>, 1980:p.416 - ^ S.N.Onenko. Nanai-Russian Dictionary. Moscow Publishing House <<Russian Language>>, 1980:p.496
С.Н.Оненко. Нанаиско-Русский Словарь. Москва Издательство <<Русский Язык>>, 1980:p.496 - ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71024162283113727
- ^ Qianlong Emperor, Enlarged and Revised Dictionary of Manchu Words, Vol.18, Category of Person 9th, Genre of Scattered Words 2nd, Here. 1771
abkai wehiyehe hūwangdi, han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan jakūci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon uyuci, sula gisun -i hacin jai, eri. 1771
清高宗弘历. 御制增订清文鉴/卷十八/人部九/散语类第二/这里呢. 1771 - ^ Qianlong Emperor, Enlarged and Revised Dictionary of Manchu Words, Vol.18, Category of Person 9th, Genre of Scattered Words 3rd, Here. 1771
abkai wehiyehe hūwangdi, han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan jakūci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon uyuci, sula gisun -i hacin ilaci, uba. 1771
清高宗弘历. 御制增订清文鉴/卷十八/人部九/散语类第三/这里. 1771 - ^ G.M.Vasilyevich. Evenki-Russian Dictionary. State Publishing House of Foreign National Dictionaries, 1958:p.547
Г.М.Василевич. Эвенкийско-Русский Словарь. Государственное Издательство Иностранных Национальных Словарей, 1958:p.547 - ^ V.A.Robbek, M.E.Robbek, Even-Russian Dictionary. Novosibirsk Science Press, 2005:p.341
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвенско-Русский Словарь. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.341
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвэды-Ню̄чиды Тө̄рэрук. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.341 - ^ V.A.Robbek, M.E.Robbek, Even-Russian Dictionary. Novosibirsk Science Press, 2005:p.343
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвенско-Русский Словарь. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.343
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвэды-Ню̄чиды Тө̄рэрук. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.343 - ^ V.A.Robbek, M.E.Robbek, Even-Russian Dictionary. Novosibirsk Science Press, 2005:p.343
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвенско-Русский Словарь. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.343
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвэды-Ню̄чиды Тө̄рэрук. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.343 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius, Negidal Language. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1982:p.302
В.И.Цинциус. Негидальский Язык. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское отделение, 1982:p.302 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius, Negidal Language. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1982:p.305
В.И.Цинциус. Негидальский Язык. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское отделение, 1982:p.305 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.461
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.461 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.461
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.461 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.461
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.461 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.461
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.461 - ^ L.V.Ozoliniya, N.Y.Fedyaeva. Orok-Russian and Russian-Orok Dictionary. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Press, 2003:p.221
Л.В.Озолиня, И.Я.Федяева. Орокско-Русский и Русско-Орокский Словарь. Южно-Сахалинск Сахалиное книжное издательство, 2003:p.221 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.461
В.И.Цинциус. Сравнительный Словарь Тунгусо-Маньчжурских Языков, Том Ⅱ. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское Отделение, 1975:p.461 - ^ S.N.Onenko. Nanai-Russian Dictionary. Moscow Publishing House <<Russian Language>>, 1980:p.287
С.Н.Оненко. Нанаиско-Русский Словарь. Москва Издательство <<Русский Язык>>, 1980:p.287 - ^ S.N.Onenko. Nanai-Russian Dictionary. Moscow Publishing House <<Russian Language>>, 1980:p.524
С.Н.Оненко. Нанаиско-Русский Словарь. Москва Издательство <<Русский Язык>>, 1980:p.524 - ^ S.N.Onenko. Nanai-Russian Dictionary. Moscow Publishing House <<Russian Language>>, 1980:p.524
С.Н.Оненко. Нанаиско-Русский Словарь. Москва Издательство <<Русский Язык>>, 1980:p.524 - ^ Qicong Jin. Jurchen Dictionary. Cultural Relics Press, 1984:p.247
金启孮. 女真文辞典. 文物出版社. 1984:p.247 - ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7102416338231961
- ^ Qianlong Emperor, Enlarged and Revised Dictionary of Manchu Words, Vol.18, Category of Person 9th, Genre of Scattered Words 5th, There. 1771
abkai wehiyehe hūwangdi, han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan jakūci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon uyuci, sula gisun -i hacin sunjaci, tuba. 1771
清高宗弘历. 御制增订清文鉴/卷十八/人部九/散语类第五/彼处. 1771 - ^ G.M.Vasilyevich. Evenki-Russian Dictionary. State Publishing House of Foreign National Dictionaries, 1958:p.381
Г.М.Василевич. Эвенкийско-Русский Словарь. Государственное Издательство Иностранных Национальных Словарей, 1958:p.381 - ^ G.M.Vasilyevich. Evenki-Russian Dictionary. State Publishing House of Foreign National Dictionaries, 1958:p.383
Г.М.Василевич. Эвенкийско-Русский Словарь. Государственное Издательство Иностранных Национальных Словарей, 1958:p.383 - ^ V.A.Robbek, M.E.Robbek, Even-Russian Dictionary. Novosibirsk Science Press, 2005:p.239
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвенско-Русский Словарь. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.239
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвэды-Ню̄чиды Тө̄рэрук. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.239 - ^ V.A.Robbek, M.E.Robbek, Even-Russian Dictionary. Novosibirsk Science Press, 2005:p.240
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвенско-Русский Словарь. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.240
В.А.Роббек, М.Е.Роббек. Эвэды-Ню̄чиды Тө̄рэрук. Новосибирск <<НАУКА>>, 2005:p.240 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius, Negidal Language. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1982:p.271
В.И.Цинциус. Негидальский Язык. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское отделение, 1982:p.271 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius, Negidal Language. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1982:p.272
В.И.Цинциус. Негидальский Язык. Издательство <<Наука>> Ленинградское отделение, 1982:p.272 - ^ V.I.Tsintsius. Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages, Vol.2. Publishing House Science Leningrad Branch, 1975:p.166
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- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710111215886372405
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- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/9262358162501579
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- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/79271245863216855
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- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710913033101901
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- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/79271239874814445
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- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/79281359730579484
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/79281223853064475
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7928147440013782
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7930154382192354
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/79301510364301428
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7930157529156502
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71021122904004906
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71021945296760905
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71021945296760905
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71021951143284990
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71021031692956311
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71022037905727627
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/9252317104228059
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710242359930878285
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71022113791733216
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71011428288895014
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/79271332973916607
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71022048335878575
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7102217899258027
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7102219763104370
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71051559217895533
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71051534491947649
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71031316766778211
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7105162247499905
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710152137122741380
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7103137549464148
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710132054641706110
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7103121889804383
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71019750881318556
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710181439961093679
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710181422486873253
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71022154686238806
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710211658495845897
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710172250367197207
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71031319168507869
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71041515289276003
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71041520756346130
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71041521794423905
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71023151874495100
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710231755596199505
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710111659944358380
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71011174831190540
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710111947840301117
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71011176706620799
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710242358320226373
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71010201864869473
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710132044518496674
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710132052813435819
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/927053700723184
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/7101321979667127
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/710132115639830649
- ^ Fengxiang Li, Lindsay J. Whaley. Vocabulary Oroqen. World Loanword Database (WOLD), 2009. https://wold.clld.org/word/71010201864869473
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External links
- Oroqen Vocabulary List (from the World Loanword Database)
- Even Language
- Evenki Language
- Russian-Evenki Dictionary (in Russian and Evenki)
- Evenki-Russian Dictionary (in Evenki and Russian)
- Negidal Writing