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User:Rua/Modern Germanic. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
User:Rua/Modern Germanic, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
User:Rua/Modern Germanic in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
User:Rua/Modern Germanic you have here. The definition of the word
User:Rua/Modern Germanic will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
User:Rua/Modern Germanic, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Imagine what things would have been like if people still spoke the old Germanic language. Of course a modern language would need words for modern concepts. What words would they use for things that didn't exist two thousand years ago? I've made a short list of words that those people might have coined if they still lived today.
If you have any to add, go right ahead!
Electronics
- audiobook:
- camera:
- electricity:
- photograph:
- printer:
- radio:
- television:
- telephone:
- videogame:
- Facebook:
- Instagram:
- LinkedIn:
- Reddit:
- Skype:
- Twitter:
- Whatsapp:
- YouTube:
Computing
- central processing unit (CPU):
- code (noun):
- code (verb):
- coding:
- computer:
- hard drive:
- hardware:
- internet:
- keyboard:
- laptop:
- motherboard:
- overwrite:
- password:
- processor:
- program:
- programming:
- programming language:
- software:
- username:
- variable:
- webcam:
- webpage:
- website:
Sport
- badminton:
- basketball:
- boxing:
- football:
- martial art:
- netball:
- sport:
- sportsman:
- sportswoman:
- table tennis:
- tennis:
- *tenētes m (second person plural infinitive of Latin teneo)
- *tenaiþs m (using Germanic inflection)
- *þunaiþs m (PIE *tn̥eh₁yete)
- tennis ball:
Transport
- airplane:
- airport:
- astronaut:
- bicycle:
- bus:
- bus driver:
- bus station:
- bus stop:
- car:
- conductor:
- flight:
- junction:
- monorail:
- motorcycle:
- motorway:
- pilot:
- *pēdōtō m (Ancient Greek πηδώτης (pēdṓtēs) -> Italian pilota, male)
- *pēdōtinī f (female)
- platform:
- railway:
- railway station:
- space ship:
- subway:
- terminus:
- train:
- train driver:
- train wagon:
- tram:
Sciences
Branches
- anthropology:
- astronomy:
- biology:
- chemistry:
- geography:
- geology:
- linguistics:
- mathematics:
- mechanics:
- medicine:
- meteorology:
- ornithology:
- physics:
- psychology:
- zoology:
Scientists
Particles
- atom:
- baryon:
- boson:
- *basand n (Bengali বসু (bośu))
- *weswand n (PIE *h₁wésus)
- electron:
- *glasainiþō f ("amber unit", Icelandic rafeind, compare "electricity" above)
- *ēlehtrand n (Ancient Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron))
- fermion:
- gluon:
- graviton:
- hadron:
- *hadrand n (Ancient Greek ἁδρός (hadrós))
- kaon:
- lepton:
- *leftand n (Ancient Greek λεπτός (leptós))
- meson:
- *mesand n (Ancient Greek μέσος (mésos))
- molecule:
- muon:
- *mījand n (Ancient Greek μῦ (mû))
- neutron:
- -on:
- *-and n (neuter form of Ancient Greek -ων (-ōn))
- pion:
- *pījand n (Ancient Greek πεῖ (peî))
- photon:
- proton:
- quark:
Elements
- hydrogen:
- helium:
- lithium:
- beryllium:
- boron:
- carbon:
- nitrogen:
- oxygen:
- fluorine:
- neon:
- sodium:
- magnesium:
- aluminium:
- silicon:
- phosphorus:
- sulphur:
- chlorine:
- argon:
- potassium:
- calcium:
- scandium:
- titanium:
- *tītāniją f (Ancient Greek Τῑτᾱ́ν (Tītā́n))
- chromium:
- manganese:
- iron:
- cobalt:
- nickel:
- *nīkulaz m (Ancient Greek Νῑκόλᾱος (Nīkólāos))
- copper:
- zinc:
- gallium:
- germanium:
- arsenic:
- *arsiniką n (Ancient Greek ἀρσενικόν (arsenikón))
- selenium:
- bromine:
- krypton:
- rubidium:
- strontium:
- yttrium:
- niobium:
- *niubją n (Ancient Greek Νιόβη (Nióbē))
- molybdenum:
- *mulibdainą n (Ancient Greek μόλυβδος (mólubdos))
- technetium:
- *tihnītiją n (Ancient Greek τεχνητός (tekhnētós))
- rhodium:
- *hrudją n (Ancient Greek ῥόδο (rhódo))
- palladium:
- *palladją n (Ancient Greek Παλλάς (Pallás))
- silver:
- cadmium:
- *kadmiją n (Ancient Greek Κάδμος (Kádmos))
- indium:
- *indi(k)ją n (Latin index)
- tin:
- antimony:
- tellurium:
- iodine:
- xenon:
- caesium:
- barium:
- lanthanum:
- *lanþaną n (Ancient Greek λανθάνω (lanthánō))
- cerium:
- praseodymium:
- neodymium:
- promethium:
- *prumīþiją n (Ancient Greek Προμηθεύς (Promētheús))
- europium:
- *eurōpiją n (Ancient Greek Εὐρώπη (Eurṓpē))
- terbium:
- dysprosium:
- holmium:
- erbium:
- thulium:
- *þūliją n (Ancient Greek Θούλη (Thoúlē))
- ytterbium:
- lutetium:
- hafnium:
- tantalum:
- *tantalą n (Ancient Greek Τάνταλος (Tántalos))
- tungsten:
- rhenium:
- osmium:
- *usmiją n (Ancient Greek ὀσμή (osmḗ))
- iridium:
- *īridją n (Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris))
- platinum:
- *platīną n (Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús))
- gold:
- mercury:
- thallium:
- *þalją n (Ancient Greek θαλλός (thallós))
- lead:
- bismuth:
- polonium:
- astatine:
- *astatīnō f (Ancient Greek ἄστατος (ástatos))
- radon:
- francium:
- radium:
- actinium:
- *ahtīniją n (Ancient Greek ἀκτῑ́ς (aktī́s))
- thorium:
- protactinium:
- *prōtahtīniją n (Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos) + ἀκτῑ́ς (aktī́s))
- uranium:
- *ūranją n (Ancient Greek Οὐρανός (Ouranós))
- neptunium:
- plutonium:
- *plūtōniją n (Ancient Greek Πλούτων (Ploútōn))
- americium:
- curium:
- berkelium:
- einsteinium:
- fermium:
- lawrencium:
- rutherfordium:
- seaborgium:
- moscovium:
- *maskawją n (Proto-Slavic *mosky)
- *maskūją n
- oganesson:
Other materials
Epidemiology/pathology
- bacterium:
- *bahterją n (Ancient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion))
- *rōdukaz m ("little rod", calque)
- zoonotic:
- *zōanutikaz m (Ancient Greek ζῷον (zôion) + νόσος (nósos))
Evolutionary theory
Taxonomy
- phylum:
- *fīlą n (Ancient Greek φῦλον (phûlon))
- *būlą n (PIE *bʰuHlom)
Animals
Chordate
Dinosauria
Mammal
- Elephant shrew:
- *Makruskelididō f (Ancient Greek μᾰκρός (makrós) + σκέλος (skélos) + + -ίδης (-ídēs))
Primate
Hominidae
- Gorilla:
- *Gurillō f (Ancient Greek Γόριλλαι (Górillai))
- Pan:
- *Pānz m (Ancient Greek Πάν (Pán))
- *Fōzô m (PIE *Peh₂usōn)
Homo
Ursidae
Plants
Fungi
Astronomy
Units
- light year:
- light month:
- light week:
- light day:
Planets
- planet:
- exoplanet:
- Mercury:
- Venus:
- Mars:
- Jupiter:
- Saturn:
- Uranus:
- Neptune:
Stars
- Sun:
- Sirius:
- *Sīrijaz m (Ancient Greek Σείριος (Seírios))
- *Alfō Kaniz Majōriz n
- Canopus:
- *Kanōpaz m (Latin Canopus)
- *Alfō Karīnōz n
- Alpha Centauri:
- *Alfō Kentauras n
- *Regelaz Kentauraz m (Arabic رِجْل (rijl) via Ancient Greek *Ρεγελος)
- *Zalīmānaz m (Arabic الظَّلِيمَان (aẓ-ẓalīmān) via Ancient Greek *Ζαλειμᾱνος)
- *Pruhsimō Kentauras f (Latin proximus)
- Arcturus:
- *Arhtūraz m (Ancient Greek Ἀρκτοῦρος (Arktoûros))
- *Alfō Buōtōz n
- Vega:
- *Wākijaz m (Arabic وَاقِع (wāqiʕ) via Ancient Greek *Ουᾱκεος)
- *Alfō Lirōz n
- Capella:
- *Kapellō f (Latin capella)
- *Alfō Aurīgōz n
- *Alfō Auzejakōz n
- Rigel:
- *Regelaz m (Arabic رِجْل (rijl) via Ancient Greek *Ρεγελος)
- *Bētō Ōrījaz n
- Procyon:
- *Prukjô m (Ancient Greek Προκύων (Prokúōn))
- *Alfō Kaniz Minōriz n
- Achernar:
- *Āherannaraz m (Arabic آخر النهر via Ancient Greek *Ᾱχερανναρος)
- *Alfō Ēridanas n
- Betelgeuse:
- *Iftalgauzāaz m (Arabic إبط الجوزاء via Ancient Greek *Εβταλγαυζᾱος)
- *Jadalgauzāaz m (Arabic يد الجوزاء via Ancient Greek *Ιαδαλγαυζᾱος)
- *Alfō Ōrījaz n
Satellites
- Moon:
- Phobos:
- *Fubaz m (Ancient Greek φόβος (phóbos))
- *Bakwaz m (PIE *Bʰogʷos)
- Deimos:
- *Dīmaz m (Ancient Greek δειμός (deimós))
- *Twīmaz m (PIE *Dweymos)
- Io:
- *Ījuiz f (Ancient Greek Ἰώ (Iṓ))
- Europa:
- Ganymede:
- *Ganimēdaz (z-stem) m (Ancient Greek Γανυμήδης (Ganumḗdēs))
- Callisto:
- *Kallistuiz f (Ancient Greek Καλλιστώ (Kallistṓ))
- Titan:
- *Tītāniz m (Ancient Greek Τιτάν (Titán))
- Iapetus:
- *Ījapetaz m (Ancient Greek Ἰαπετός (Iapetós))
- Rhea:
- *Rejō f (Ancient Greek Ῥέᾱ (Rhéā))
- Tethys:
- *Tēþūz f (Ancient Greek Τηθύς (Tēthús))
- Dione:
- *Djōnō f (Ancient Greek Διώνη (Diṓnē))
- Mimas:
- *Mimānts m (Ancient Greek Μίμᾱς (Mímās))
- Enceladus:
- *Enkeladaz m (Ancient Greek Ἐγκέλᾰδος (Enkélados))
- Titania:
- *Tītānijō f (Ancient Greek Τιτάν (Titán))
- Oberon:
- Ariel:
- *Arjēlaz m (Ancient Greek Ἀριήλ (Ariḗl))
- Umbriel:
- *Umbrijēlaz m (Latin umbra)
- Miranda:
- Triton:
- *Trītǭ m (Ancient Greek Τρίτων (Trítōn))
Constellations
- zodiac:
- Aries:
- Taurus:
- Gemini:
- Cancer:
- Leo:
- Virgo:
- Libra:
- Scorpio:
- Sagittarius:
- Capricorn:
- Aquarius:
- Pisces:
- Andromeda:
- Aquila:
- Ara:
- Auriga:
- Bootes:
- *Bwōtō f (Ancient Greek Βοώτης (Boṓtēs))
- Canis Major:
- Canis Minor:
- Cassiopeia:
- *Kassijupījō f (Ancient Greek Κασσιόπεια (Kassiópeia))
- Centaurus:
- *Kentauraz m (Ancient Greek κένταυρος (kéntauros))
- Cepheus:
- *Kēfēwiz m (Ancient Greek Κηφεύς (Kēpheús))
- Cetus:
- *Kētaz m (Ancient Greek κῆτος (kêtos))
- Corona Australis:
- Corona Borealis:
- Corvus:
- Crater:
- *Krātēriz m (Ancient Greek κρᾱτήρ (krātḗr))
- Cygnus:
- Delphinus:
- Draco:
- Equuleus:
- Eridanus:
- *Ēridanaz m (Ancient Greek Ἠρῐδᾰνός (Ēridanós))
- Hercules:
- *Hēraklijaz (z-stem) m (Ancient Greek Ἡρακλῆς (Hēraklês))
- Hydra:
- *(H)idrō f (Ancient Greek ῠ̔́δρᾱ (húdrā))
- Lepus:
- Lupus:
- Lyra:
- *Lirō f (Ancient Greek λῠ́ρᾰ (lúra))
- Ophiuchus:
- *Ufjūhaz f (Ancient Greek Ὀφιοῦχος (Ophioûkhos))
- Orion:
- *Ōrījô m (Ancient Greek Ὠρῑ́ων (Ōrī́ōn))
- Pegasus:
- *Pēgasaz m (Ancient Greek Πήγᾰσος (Pḗgasos))
- Perseus:
- *Persēwiz m (Ancient Greek Περσεύς (Perseús))
- Piscis Austrinus:
- Sagitta:
- Serpens:
- Triangulum:
- Ursa Major:
- Ursa Minor:
- Coma Berenices:
- *Kōmō Birinīkō f (Ancient Greek κώμη (kṓmē) + Βερενίκη (Bereníkē))
- Columba:
- Apus:
- *Apudz f (Ancient Greek ἄπους (ápous))
- Chamaeleon:
- *Hamaileundz m (Ancient Greek χαμαιλέων (khamailéōn))
- Dorado:
- Grus:
- Hydrus:
- Indus:
- *Indaz m (Ancient Greek Ἰνδός (Indós))
- Musca:
- Pavo:
- Phoenix:
- *Fuiniks m (Ancient Greek φοῖνῐξ (phoînix))
- Triangulum Australe:
- Tucana:
- Volans:
- Crux:
- Camelopardalis:
- Monoceros:
- Canes Venatici:
- Lacerta:
- Leo Minor:
- Lynx:
- *Linhs m (Ancient Greek λύγξ (lúnx))
- Scutum:
- Sextans:
- Vulpecula:
- Antlia:
- *Antlijō f (Ancient Greek ἀντλία (antlía))
- Caelum:
- Circinus:
- Fornax:
- Horologium:
- *(H)ōrulugją n (Ancient Greek ὡρολόγιον (hōrológion))
- Mensa:
- Microscopium:
- Norma:
- Octans:
- Pictor:
- Pyxis:
- *Pihsidz f (Ancient Greek πυξίς (puxís))
- Reticulum:
- Sculptor:
- Telescopium:
- Carina:
- Puppis:
- Vela:
Mathematics
- algebra
- algorithm:
- arithmetic
- axiom
- billion (109):
- calculus:
- calculator:
- complex number:
- digit:
- *sifrō f (Arabic صِفر (ṣifr))
- element:
- equation:
- even:
- formula:
- fraction:
- function:
- geometry:
- integer:
- million:
- natural number:
- odd:
- percent:
- polynomial:
- *pulunōmijāliz m (Ancient Greek πολύς (polús))
- *falunōmijāliz m (PIE *polh₁u-)
- prime number:
- proof:
- rational number:
- real number:
- root:
- set:
- sine:
- solution:
- tangent:
- theorem
- *þeōrēmats n (Ancient Greek θεώρημα (theṓrēma))
- trigonometry
- zero:
- *zefraz m (Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr) via Ancient Greek *ζεφρος)
- *nūllō f (Latin nūlla)
Linguistics
Germanic languages
- Grimm's law:
- Verner's law:
- High German consonant shift:
- strong verb:
- weak verb:
- Afrikaans:
- Danish:
- Dutch:
- English:
- Faroese:
- Frisian:
- German:
- Gothic:
- Icelandic:
- Low German:
- Norwegian:
- Swedish:
Grammar
- case:
- conjugation:
- declension:
- gender:
- grammar:
- inflection:
- mood:
- orthography:
- part of speech:
- person:
- tense:
- voice:
Case
- ablative case:
- accusative case:
- dative case:
- genitive case:
- instrumental case:
- locative case:
- nominative case:
- vocative case:
Gender
- common gender:
- feminine gender:
- masculine gender:
- neuter gender:
Mood
- debitive mood:
- imperative mood:
- indicative mood:
- optative mood:
- subjunctive mood:
Number
- dual:
- paucal:
- plural:
- singular:
- trial:
Parts of speech
- adjective:
- adverb:
- article:
- noun:
- pronoun:
- proper noun:
- verb:
Person
- first person:
- second person:
- third person:
Tense
- future tense:
- past tense:
- present tense:
Voice
- active voice:
- middle voice:
- passive voice:
Phonology
- ablaut:
- approximant:
- consonant:
- diphthong:
- fricative:
- glide:
- monophthong:
- phonology:
- plosive:
- trill:
- triphthong:
- umlaut:
- vowel:
Philosophy
- argument:
- belief:
- ethics:
- existence:
- knowledge:
- I think, therefore I am:
- logic:
- moral:
- paradox:
- *paraduhsaz m (Ancient Greek πᾰρᾰ́δοξος (parádoxos))
- philosopher:
- philosophy:
- reason:
- science:
Politics
- anarchy:
- *anarhijō f (Ancient Greek ἀναρχίᾱ (anarkhíā))
- *unwaldą n (calque of above)
- constitution:
- democracy:
- election:
- government:
- left wing:
- monarchy:
- politics:
- politician:
- president:
- prime minister:
- referendum:
- republic:
- right wing:
- state:
- theocracy:
- vote:
Economics
- bank:
- central bank:
- consumption:
- currency:
- distribution:
- economics:
- goods:
- growth:
- inflation:
- market:
- production:
- services:
- supply:
- trade:
Foreign/modern food
By necessity, a lot of these are loanwords rather than constructed from native roots.
- burrito:
- chili pepper:
- curry:
- *Indiskaz krūdamatiz m ("Indian spice-meal")
- *kari n (Tamil கறி (kaṟi))
- chips/fries:
- coffee:
- *kahwą n (Arabic قهوة (qahwa, “coffee”))
- döner kebab:
- lollipop:
- maize:
- pepper:
- pineapple:
- pizza:
- potato:
- tea:
- *bladadrunkiz m ("leaf drink")
- *tēą n (Min Nan 茶 (tê, “tea”))
- *tajją n (Cantonese 茶 (cha4, “tea”))
- tomato:
Military
Ground
- army:
- soldier:
- rifle:
- pistol:
- tank:
Sea
Countries
Africa
- Africa:
- Cape Verde:
- Egypt:
- *Aigiftaz m (Ancient Greek Αἴγυπτος (Aíguptos))
- *Mesraz m (Arabic مصر via Ancient Greek *Μεσρος)
- Eritrea:
- Ethiopia:
- *Aiþiupjō f (Ancient Greek Αἰθιοπίᾱ (Aithiopíā))
- Ivory Coast:
- Liberia:
- Libya:
- *Libjō f (Ancient Greek Λιβύη (Libúē))
- Mauritania:
- Sierra Leone:
- *Serrō Leōnō f (Latin serra + Latin leo)
- Sudan:
- *Sūdānōz m pl (Arabic سودان via Ancient Greek *Σουδᾱνοι)
Asia
- Asia:
- Bahrain:
- *Barainaz m (Arabic البحرين via Ancient Greek *Βαραινος)
- Brunei:
- *Brūnājō f (Arabic بروناي via Ancient Greek *Βρουνᾱιᾱ)
- Burma:
- *Mranmō f (Sanskrit म्रन्मा (mranmā))
- *Bamō f (Sanskrit बमा (bamā))
- China:
- *Sīnaz m (Sanskrit चीन (cīna))
- *Kīnō f (Icelandic Kína)
- Iraq:
- *Erākaz m (Arabic العراق via Ancient Greek *Ερᾱκος)
- India:
- *Indijō f (Ancient Greek Ἰνδία (Indía))
- *Indulandą n ("Indus land", Icelandic Indland)
- *Bārataz m (Sanskrit भारत (bhārata))
- Japan:
- *Japô m (Icelandic Japan)
- Jordan:
- *Jurdanō f (Ancient Greek Ἰορδάνης (Iordánēs))
- *Urdunaz m (Arabic الأردن)
- Kuwait:
- *Huwaitaz m (Arabic الكويت via Ancient Greek *Χουαιτος)
- Laos:
- *Lāwaz m (Sanskrit लाव् (lāv))
- Lebanon:
- *Lubnānaz m (Arabic لبنان via Ancient Greek *Λοβνᾱνος)
- Malaysia:
- Oman:
- *Umānaz m (Arabic عُمان (ʕumān) via Ancient Greek *Ομᾱνος)
- Philippines:
- *Filippīnōz f pl (Ancient Greek Φῐ́λῐππος (Phílippos))
- Qatar:
- *Kataraz m (Arabic قطر via Ancient Greek *Καταρος)
- Saudi Arabia:
- *Suūdīyō f (Arabic السعودية via Ancient Greek *Σοουδῑᾱ)
- Singapore:
- *Sinhapuraz m (Sanskrit सिंहपुर (siṃhapura))
- Syria:
- *Sirjō f (Ancient Greek Σῠρῐ́ᾱ (Suríā))
- *Sūriyō f (Arabic سورية via Ancient Greek *Σουρῑᾱ)
- Thailand:
- United Arab Emirates:
- *Imārātōz f pl (Arabic الإمارات via Ancient Greek *Εμᾱρᾱται)
- Yemen:
- *Jamanaz m (Arabic اليمن via Ancient Greek *Ιαμανος)
America
- America:
- Canada:
- United States
Oceania
- Oceania:
- Australia:
- Indonesia:
- *Induawjôz f pl ("Indian islands", calque of Indonesia)
- *Indanīsijō f (Ancient Greek Ἰνδός (Indós) + Ancient Greek νῆσος (nêsos))
- Micronesia:
- *Mikranīsijō f (Ancient Greek μικρός (mikrós) + Ancient Greek νῆσος (nêsos))
- New Caledonia:
- New Zealand:
Europe
- Europe:
- Albania:
- *Albanjō f (Ancient Greek Ἀλβανία (Albanía))
- Andorra:
- Armenia:
- *Arminjō f (Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía))
- Austria:
- Belarus:
- Belgium:
- Bosnia and Herzegovina:
- Bulgaria:
- Croatia:
- Cyprus:
- *Kipraz m (Ancient Greek Κῠ́προς (Kúpros))
- Czechia:
- Denmark:
- Estonia:
- Finland:
- France:
- Germany:
- Great Britain:
- Greece:
- *Graikijō f (Latin Graecia)
- *Hilladz f (Ancient Greek Ἑλλάς (Hellás))
- Hungary:
- Iceland:
- Ireland:
- Italy:
- Latvia:
- Liechtenstein:
- Lithuania:
- *Lītuwānijō f (Proto-Slavic *Litъva)
- Luxembourg:
- Macedonia:
- *Makidunjō f (Ancient Greek Μᾰκεδονῐ́ᾱ (Makedoníā))
- Malta:
- Moldova:
- Monaco:
- *Munuikaz m (Ancient Greek μόνοικος (mónoikos))
- Montenegro:
- Netherlands:
- Norway:
- Poland:
- Portugal:
- Romania:
- Russia:
- San Marino:
- Serbia:
- *Sirbijō f (Proto-Slavic *sьrbъ)
- Slovakia:
- Slovenia:
- Spain:
- Sweden:
- Switzerland:
- Turkey:
- Ukraine:
- United Kingdom
- Vatican City:
Regions/provinces
Asia
India
- Andhra Pradesh:
- *Āndraz Pradēsaz m (आन्ध्र प्रदेश (āndhra pradeśa) via Ancient Greek *Ᾱνδρος Πραδησος)
- Arunachal Pradesh:
- *Arunāsalaz Pradēsaz m (अरुणाचल प्रदेश (aruṇācala pradeśa) via Ancient Greek *Αρονᾱσαλος Πραδησος)
- Assam:
- *Asamaz m (असम (asama) via Ancient Greek *Ασαμος)
- Bihar:
- *Bihāraz m (बिहार (bihāra) via Ancient Greek *Βιᾱρος)
- Chhattisgarh:
- *Sattīsagaraz m (छत्तीसगढ़ via Ancient Greek *Σαττεισαγαρος)
- Goa:
- *Gōwō f (गोवा (govā) via Ancient Greek *Γωᾱ)
- Gujarat:
- *Guzarātaz m (गुजरात (gujarāta) via Ancient Greek *Γοζαρᾱτος)
- Haryana:
- *Harijānō f (हरियाणा (hariyāṇā) via Ancient Greek *Ἁριᾱνᾱς)
- Himachal Pradesh:
- *Himāsalaz Pradēsaz m (हिमाचल प्रदेश (himācala pradeśa) via Ancient Greek *Ἱμᾱσαλος Πραδησος)
- Jharkhand:
- *Zārahandaz m (केरल (kerala) via Ancient Greek *Ζᾱραχανδος)
- Karnataka:
- *Karnātakaz m (कर्नाटक (karnāṭaka) via Ancient Greek *Καρνᾱτακος)
- Kerala:
- *Kēralaz m (केरल (kerala) via Ancient Greek *Κηραλος)
- Ladakh:
- *Laddāhaz m (लद्दाख़ via Ancient Greek *Λαδδᾱχος)
- Madhya Pradesh:
- *Madjaz Pradēsaz m (मध्य प्रदेश (madhya pradeśa) via Ancient Greek *Μαδιος Πραδησος)
- Maharashtra:
- *Mahārāstraz m (महाराष्ट्र (mahārāṣṭra) via Ancient Greek *Μαᾱρᾱστρος)
- Manipur:
- *Manipuraz m (मणिपुर (maṇipura) via Ancient Greek *Μανιπορος)
- Meghalaya:
- *Mēgālajaz m (मेघालय (meghālaya) via Ancient Greek *Μηγᾱλαιος)
- Mizoram:
- *Mizōramaz m (मिज़ोरम via Ancient Greek *Μιζωραμος)
- Nagaland:
- *Nāgālaindaz m (नागालैण्ड (nāgālaiṇḍa) via Ancient Greek *Νᾱγᾱλαινδος)
- Odisha:
- *Ōdisaz m (ओडिशा (oḍiśā) via Ancient Greek *Ωδισος)
- Punjab:
- *Panzābaz m (पंजाब (paṃjāba) via Ancient Greek *Πανζᾱβος)
- Rajasthan:
- *Rāzasþānaz m (राजस्थान (rājasthāna) via Ancient Greek *Ρᾱζασθᾱνος)
- Sikkim:
- *Sikkimaz m (सिक्किम (sikkima) via Ancient Greek *Σικκιμος)
- Tamil Nadu:
- *Tamilaz Nāduz m (तमिल नाडु (tamila nāḍu) via Ancient Greek *Ταμιλος Νᾱδυς)
- Telangana:
- *Tēlangānāz f (तेलंगाना (telaṃgānā) via Ancient Greek *Τηλαγγᾱνᾱ)
- Tripura:
- *Tripurō f (त्रिपुरा (tripurā) via Ancient Greek *Τριπορᾱ)
- Uttar Pradesh:
- *Uttaraz Pradēsaz m (उत्तर प्रदेश (uttara pradeśa) via Ancient Greek *Οτταρος Πραδησος)
- Uttarakhand:
- *Uttarāhandaz m (उत्तराखण्ड (uttarākhaṇḍa) via Ancient Greek *Οτταρᾱχανδος)
- West Bengal:
Oman
- Ad Dakhiliyah:
- *Addāhilījō f (Arabic الداخلية via Ancient Greek *Αδδᾱχελεια)
- Ad Dhahirah:
- *Azāerō f (Arabic الظاهرة via Ancient Greek *Αζᾱερᾱ)
- Al Batinah:
- *Albātinō f (Arabic الباطنة via Ancient Greek *Αλβᾱτενᾱ)
- Al Wusta:
- *Alwustāz m (Arabic الوسطى via Ancient Greek *Αλουοστας)
- Ash Sharqiyah:
- *Assarhījō f (Arabic الشرقية via Ancient Greek *Ασσαρχεια)
- Dhofar:
- *Zufāraz m (Arabic ظفار via Ancient Greek *Ζοφᾱρος)
- Musandam:
- *Musandamaz m (Arabic مسندم via Ancient Greek *Μοσανδαμος)
Pakistan
- Balochistan:
- *Balūsistānaz m (बलूचिस्तान (balūcistāna) via Ancient Greek *Βαλουσιστᾱνος)
- Khyber Pakhtunkhwa:
- Punjab:
- *Panzābaz m (पंजाब (paṃjāba) via Ancient Greek *Πανζᾱβος)
- Sindh:
- *Sindaz m (सिंध (siṃdha) via Ancient Greek *Σινδος)
Saudi Arabia
- Asir:
- *Asīraz m (Arabic عَسِيرٌ (ʕasīrun) via Ancient Greek *Ασῑρος)
- Hejaz:
- *Igāzaz m (Arabic ٱلْحِجَاز (l-ḥijāz) via Ancient Greek *Ἑγᾱζος)
- Najd:
- *Nagdaz m (Arabic نَجْدٌ (najdun) via Ancient Greek *Ναγδος)
Yemen
- Hadramaut:
- *Adramauþaz f (Arabic حضرموت via Ancient Greek *Αδραμαυθος)
- Socotra:
- *Sukutrāz f (Arabic سقطرى via Ancient Greek *Σοκοτρᾱς)
Europe
Germany
The Netherlands
- Drenthe:
- Friesland:
- Limburg:
- North Holland:
- Overijssel:
- South Holland:
- Twente:
- Zeeland:
Portugal
- Algarve:
- Azores:
- Madeira:
Spain
- Canary Islands:
- Catalonia:
- Extremadura:
- Galicia:
Switzerland
- Aargau:
- Appenzell:
- Ticino:
- Valais:
- Vaud:
United Kingdom
- England:
- Northern Ireland:
- Scotland:
- Wales:
North America
Canada
- New Brunswick:
- Newfoundland and Labrador:
- Nova Scotia:
- Ontario:
- Prince Edward Island:
Oceania
Australia
- Australian Capital Territory:
- New South Wales:
- Northern Territory:
- Queensland:
- South Australia:
- Tasmania:
- Victoria:
- Western Australia:
Cities
Africa
Algeria
- Algiers:
- *Algāsirôz f pl (Arabic الجزائر via Ancient Greek *Αλγᾱζεραι)
- Constantine:
- Oran:
- *Warānaz m (Arabic وَهران via Ancient Greek *Ουαρᾱνος)
Egypt
- Alexandria:
- *Alihsandrījō f (Ancient Greek Ἀλεξάνδρεια (Alexándreia))
- Aswan:
- *Sijīnō f (Ancient Greek Συήνη (Suḗnē))
- Cairo:
- *Kājirō f (Arabic القاهرة via Ancient Greek *Κᾱερᾱ)
- Giza:
- *Gīsō f (Arabic الجيزة via Ancient Greek *Γῑζᾱ)
- Mansoura:
- *Mansūrō f (Arabic المنصورة via Ancient Greek *Μανσουρᾱ)
- Port Said:
- *Purtuz Sajīdaz m (Latin portus + Arabic سعيد via Ancient Greek *Σαῑδος)
- Suez:
- *Suwaisaz m (Arabic السويس via Ancient Greek *Σουαισος)
Libya
- Benghazi:
- *Bangāsī f (Arabic بنغازي via Ancient Greek *Βανγᾱζῑ)
- Sirte:
- *Sirtiz f (Ancient Greek Σύρτις (Súrtis))
- Tobruk:
- *Antipirgaz m (Ancient Greek Αντίπυργος (Antípurgos))
- Tripoli:
- *Tripuliz f (Ancient Greek Τρίπολις (Trípolis))
Mauritania
- Nouakchott:
- *Nuwāhsūtaz m (Arabic نواكشوط via Ancient Greek *Νουᾱξουτος)
Morocco
- Casablanca:
- Fez:
- *Fāsaz m (Arabic فاس (fās) via Ancient Greek *Φᾱσος)
- Marrakesh:
- *Murrahusaz m (Arabic مراكش via Ancient Greek *Μορραχοσος)
- Meknes:
- *Mihnāsaz m (Arabic مكناس via Ancient Greek *Μεχνᾱσος)
- Rabat:
- *Rebātaz m (Arabic الرِّبَاط (ar-ribāṭ) via Ancient Greek *Ρεβᾱτος)
- Tangier:
- Tingiz f (Ancient Greek Τιγγίς (Tingís))
Somalia
- Mogadishu:
- *Makadīsūz m (Arabic مقديشو via Ancient Greek *Μακαδῑσους)
Sudan
- Khartoum:
- *Hartūmaz m (Arabic أم درمان via Ancient Greek *Χαρτουμος)
- Omdurman:
- *Umbdurmānaz m (Arabic ٱلْـخَـرْطُـوْم (l-ḵarṭuwm) via Ancient Greek *Ομβδορμᾱνος)
Tunisia
- Sfax:
- *Sifākisaz m (Arabic صفاقس via Ancient Greek *Σιφᾱκεσος)
- Sousse:
- *Sūsō f (Arabic سوسة via Ancient Greek *Σουσᾱ)
- Tunis:
- *Þūnisaz m (Arabic تونس via Ancient Greek *Θουνεσος)
Asia
Afghanistan
- Ghazni:
- *Gaznīz m (Arabic غزني via Ancient Greek *Γαζνῑς)
- Herat:
- *Erāþaz m (Arabic هرات via Ancient Greek *Ερᾱθος)
- Jalalabad:
- *Galālābādaz m (Arabic جلال آباد via Ancient Greek *Γαλᾱλᾱβᾱδος)
- Kabul:
- *Hābulaz m (Arabic کابل via Ancient Greek *Χᾱβολος)
- Kandahar:
- *Kandaāraz m (Arabic قندهار via Ancient Greek *Κανδαᾱρος)
- Khost:
- *Hausþaz m (Arabic خوست via Ancient Greek *Χαυσθος)
- Kunduz:
- *Kundūzaz m (Arabic قندوز via Ancient Greek *Κονδουζος)
- Mazar-i-Sharif:
- *Mazārisarīfaz m (Arabic مزار شریف via Ancient Greek *Μαζᾱρεσαρῑφος)
- Puli Khumri:
- *Fulikumbrīz m (Arabic پلخمری via Ancient Greek *Φολεχομβρῑς)
- Taloqan:
- *Tālukānaz m (Arabic طالقان via Ancient Greek *Τᾱλοκᾱνος)
Bahrain
- Manama:
- *Manāmō f (Arabic المنامة via Ancient Greek *Μανᾱμᾱ)
Bangladesh
- Barisal:
- *Barisālaz m (বরিশাল (boriśal) via Ancient Greek *Βαρισᾱλος)
- Chittagong:
- *Sattagrāmaz m (চট্টগ্রাম (coṭṭogram) via Ancient Greek *Σατταγρᾱμος)
- Dhaka:
- *Dākō f (ঢাকা (ḍhaka) via Ancient Greek *Δᾱκᾱ)
- Khulna:
- *Hulanō f (খুলনা (khulna) via Ancient Greek *Χολανᾱ)
- Mymensingh:
- *Majamanasin(h)az m (ময়মনসিংহ (moẏomnośiṅho) via Ancient Greek *Μαιαμανασιγγος)
- Rajshahi:
- *Rāzasāhīz m (রাজশাহী (rajśahi) via Ancient Greek *Ρᾱζασᾱεις)
- Rangpur:
- *Rampuraz m (রংপুর (roṅpur) via Ancient Greek *Ραμπορος)
- Sylhet:
- *Silētaz m (সিলেট (śileṭ) via Ancient Greek *Σιλητος)
India
- Agartala:
- *Agaratalō f (शिमला (śimlā) via Ancient Greek *Αγαραταλᾱ)
- Ahmedabad:
- *Amadāwādaz m (અમદાવાદ (amadāvād) via Ancient Greek *Αμαδᾱουᾱδος)
- Aizawl:
- *Aizōlaz m (अइज़ोल (aizol) via Ancient Greek *Αιζωλος)
- Amaravati:
- *Amarāwatīz m (अमरावती (amrāvtī) via Ancient Greek *Αμαρᾱουατεις)
- Bengaluru:
- *Bangalauraz m (बंगलौर (baṅglaur) via Ancient Greek *Βαγγαλαυρος)
- Bhopal:
- *Bōpālaz m (कानपुर (kānpur) via Ancient Greek *Βωπᾱλος)
- Bhubaneswar:
- *Buwanēswaraz m (भुवनेश्वर (bhuvneśvar) via Ancient Greek *Βουανησουαρος)
- Chandigarh:
- *Sandīgar(h)az m (चण्डीगढ़ (caṇḍīgaṛh) via Ancient Greek *Σανδειγαρος)
- Chennai:
- *Sēnnaīz m (चेन्नई (cennaī) via Ancient Greek *Σηνναεις)
- Daman:
- *Damanaz m (दमन (daman) via Ancient Greek *Δαμανος)
- Dehradun:
- *Dēharādūnaz m (देहरादून (dehrādūn) via Ancient Greek *Δηαρᾱδουνος)
- Delhi:
- *Dillīz m (दिल्ली (dillī) via Ancient Greek *Διλλεις)
- Dharamshala:
- *Darmasālō f (शिमला (śimlā) via Ancient Greek *Δαρμασᾱλᾱ)
- Dimapur:
- *Dīmāpuraz m (दीमापुर (dīmāpur) via Ancient Greek *Δειμᾱπορος)
- Dispur:
- *Disapuraz m (दिसपुर (dispur) via Ancient Greek *Δεσαπορος)
- Faridabad:
- *Farīdābādaz m (फरीदाबाद (pharīdābād) via Ancient Greek *Φαρειδᾱβᾱδος)
- Gairsain:
- *Gairasainnaz m (गैरसैंण (gairsa͠iṇ) via Ancient Greek *Γαιρασαιννος)
- Gandhinagar:
- *Gāndīnagaraz m (बंगलौर (baṅglaur) via Ancient Greek *Γᾱνδειναγαρος)
- Gangtok:
- *Gāntōkaz m (गान्तोक (gāntok) via Ancient Greek *Γᾱντωκος)
- Guwahati:
- *Guwāhātīz m (गुवाहाटी (guvāhāṭī) via Ancient Greek *Γουᾱᾱτεις)
- Hyderabad:
- *Haidarābādaz m (हैदराबाद (haidrābād) via Ancient Greek *Ἁιδαρᾱβᾱδος)
- Imphal:
- *Imfālaz m (कोच्चि (kocci) via Ancient Greek *Εμφᾱλος)
- Indore:
- *Indauraz m (इन्दौर (indaur) via Ancient Greek *Ενδαυρος)
- Itanagar:
- *Ītānagaraz m (ईटानगर (īṭāngar) via Ancient Greek *Ειτᾱναγαρος)
- Jaipur:
- *Zajapuraz m (जयपुर (jaypur) via Ancient Greek *Ζαιαπορος)
- Jammu:
- *Zammūz m (जम्मू (jammū) via Ancient Greek *Ζαμμους)
- Jamshedpur:
- *Zamasēdapuraz m (जमशेदपुर (jamśedpur) via Ancient Greek *Ζαμασηδαπορος)
- Kanpur:
- *Kānapuraz m (कानपुर (kānpur) via Ancient Greek *Κᾱναπορος)
- Kargil:
- *Kāragilaz m (कारगिल (kārgil) via Ancient Greek *Κᾱραγιλος)
- Kavaratti:
- *Kawarattīz m (कवरत्ती (kavrattī) via Ancient Greek *Καουαραττεις)
- Kochi:
- *Kōssīz m (कोच्चि (kocci) via Ancient Greek *Κωσσεις)
- Kolkata:
- *Kalakātō f (কলকাতা (kolkata) via Ancient Greek *Καλακᾱτᾱ)
- Kohima:
- *Kōhimō f (कोहिमा (kohimā) via Ancient Greek *Κωιμᾱ)
- Leh:
- *Glēz m (གླེ (gle) via Ancient Greek *Γλης)
- *Lēaz m (लेह (leh) via Ancient Greek *Ληος)
- Lucknow:
- *Lahanaūz m (लखनऊ (lakhnaū) via Ancient Greek *Λαχαναους)
- Ludhiana:
- *Ludijānō f (चेन्नई (cennaī) via Ancient Greek *Λοδειᾱνᾱ)
- Mumbai:
- *Mumbaīz m (मुंबई (mumbaī) via Ancient Greek *Μομβαεις)
- Nagpur:
- *Nāgapuraz m (नागपुर (nāgpur) via Ancient Greek *Νᾱγαπορος)
- Panaji:
- *Panazīz m (पणजी (paṇjī) via Ancient Greek *Παναζεις)
- Patna:
- *Patanō f (पटना (paṭnā) via Ancient Greek *Πατανᾱ)
- Pondicherry:
- *Pudusērīz m (पुदुचेरी (puducerī) via Ancient Greek *Ποδοσηρεις)
- Raipur:
- *Rājapuraz m (रायपुर (rāypur) via Ancient Greek *Ρᾱιαπορος)
- Ranchi:
- *Rānsīz m (राँची (rā̃cī) via Ancient Greek *Ρᾱνσεις)
- Shillong:
- *Silāngaz m (शिलांग (śilāṅg) via Ancient Greek *Σιλᾱγγος)
- Shimla:
- *Simalō f (शिमला (śimlā) via Ancient Greek *Σιμαλᾱ)
- Srinagar:
- *Srīnagaraz m (श्रीनगर (śrīngar) via Ancient Greek *Σρειναγαρος)
- Thiruvananthapuram:
- *Tiruwanantapuramaz m (तिरुवनन्तपुरम (tiruvnantapuram) via Ancient Greek *Τερουανανταποραμος)
- Visakhapatnam:
- *Wisākapatnamaz m (विशाखपट्नम (viśākhpaṭnam) via Ancient Greek *Ουεσᾱχαπατναμος)
Iran
- Ahvaz:
- *Awāsaz m (Arabic الأهواز via Ancient Greek *Αυᾱζος)
- Esfahan:
- *Isfānaz m (Arabic اصفهان via Ancient Greek *Εσφαᾱνας)
- Karaj:
- *Haragaz m (Arabic كرج via Ancient Greek *Χαραγος)
- Mashhad:
- *Masadaz m (Arabic مشهد via Ancient Greek *Μασαδος)
- Qom:
- *Kumaz m (Arabic قم via Ancient Greek *Κομος)
- Shiraz:
- *Sīrāsaz m (Arabic شيراز via Ancient Greek *Σῑρᾱζος)
- Tabriz:
- *Þabrīsaz m (Arabic تبريز via Ancient Greek *Θαβρῑζος)
- Tehran:
- *Terānaz m (Arabic طهران via Ancient Greek *Τερᾱνος)
Iraq
- Baghdad:
- *Bagdādaz m (Arabic بغداد via Ancient Greek *Βαγδᾱδος)
- Basra:
- *Basrō f (Arabic البصرة via Ancient Greek *Βασρᾱ)
- Erbil:
- *Arbīlō f (Ancient Greek Ἄρβηλα (Árbēla))
- Mosul:
- *Mausilaz m (Arabic الموصل via Ancient Greek *Μαυσελος)
Jordan
- Amman:
- *Ammānaz m (Arabic عَمّان (ʕammān) via Ancient Greek *Αμμᾱνος)
- Aqaba:
- *Akabō f (Arabic العقبة via Ancient Greek *Ακαβᾱ)
Kyrgyzstan
- Bishkek:
- *Bīshihaz m (Arabic بيشكك via Ancient Greek *Βῑσχεχος)
- Osh:
- *Ōsaz m (Arabic أوش via Ancient Greek *Ωσος)
Lebanon
- Beirut:
- *Bairūþaz m (Arabic بيروت via Ancient Greek *Βαιρουθος)
- Sidon:
- *Sīdǭ f (Ancient Greek Σιδών (Sidṓn))
- Tripoli:
- *Tripuliz f (Ancient Greek Τρίπολις (Trípolis))
- Tyre:
- *Tiraz m (Ancient Greek Τύρος (Túros))
Myanmar
- Bago:
- *Paihūz (z-stem) m (ပုသိမ် (pu.sim) via Ancient Greek *Παιχους (s-stem))
- Dawei:
- *Þāswaiz m (ထားဝယ် (hta:wai) via Ancient Greek *Θᾱσουαις)
- Hakha:
- *Hāshāz (z-stem) m (ဟားခါး (ha:hka:) via Ancient Greek *Ᾱσχᾱς (s-stem))
- Loikaw:
- *Luinkauz m (လွိုင်ကော် (lwuingkau) via Ancient Greek *Λουεγκαυς)
- Magwe:
- *Makwēz (z-stem) m (မကွေး (ma.kwe:) via Ancient Greek *Μακουης (s-stem))
- Mandalay:
- *Mantalēz (z-stem) m (မန္တလေး (manta.le:) via Ancient Greek *Μανταλης (s-stem))
- Mawlamyine:
- *Maulamrijų (n-stem) m (မော်လမြိုင် (maula.mruing) via Ancient Greek *Μαυλαμριος (n-stem))
- Monywa:
- *Munruwō f (မုံရွာ (mum-rwa) via Ancient Greek *Μονρουᾱ)
- Myitkyina:
- *Mrakkīsnāz (z-stem) m (မြစ်ကြီးနား (mrackri:na:) via Ancient Greek *Μρακκεισνᾱς (s-stem))
- Naypyidaw:
- *Nēprantauz m (နေပြည်တော် (ne-pranytau) via Ancient Greek *Νηπρανταυς)
- Pa-an:
- *Bāsô (an-stem) m (ဘားအံ (bha:am) via Ancient Greek *Βᾱσαν)
- Pathein:
- *Pusimz m (ပဲခူး (pai:hku:) via Ancient Greek *Ποσεμ)
- Sittwe:
- *Sahtwēz m (စစ်တွေ (cactwe) via Ancient Greek *Σακτουης)
- Taunggyi:
- *Tōnkrīz (z-stem) m (တောင်ကြီး (taungkri:) via Ancient Greek *Τωγκρεις (s-stem))
- Yangon:
- *Rankų (n-stem) m (ရန်ကုန် (rankun) via Ancient Greek *Ρανκως (n-stem))
Nepal
- Biratnagar:
- *Wirātanagaraz m (विराटनगर (virāṭangar) via Ancient Greek *Ουερᾱταναγαρος)
- Birendranagar:
- *Wīrēndranagaraz m (वीरेन्द्रनगर (vīrendrangar) via Ancient Greek *Ουειρηνδραναγαρος)
- Deukhuri:
- *Dēuhurīz f (देउखुरी (deukhurī) via Ancient Greek *Δηοχορεις)
- Godawari:
- *Gōdāwarīz f (गोदावरी (godāvrī) via Ancient Greek *Γωδᾱουαρεις)
- Hetauda:
- *Hētaudō f (हेटौडा (heṭauḍā) via Ancient Greek *Ἡταυδᾱ)
- Janakpur:
- *Zanakapuraz m (जनकपुर (janakpur) via Ancient Greek *Ζανακαπορος)
- Kathmandu:
- *Kāþamādaų (n-stem) f (काठमाडौँ (kāṭhmāḍa͠u) via Ancient Greek *Κᾱθαμᾱδαυς (n-stem))
- Pokhara:
- *Pōharō f (हेटौडा (heṭauḍā) via Ancient Greek *Πωχαρᾱ)
Oman
- Muscat:
- *Maskataz m (Arabic مسقط via Ancient Greek *Μασκατος)
- Salalah:
- *Salālō f (Arabic صلالة via Ancient Greek *Σαλᾱλᾱ)
Palestine
- Bethlehem:
- *Bīþlijimō f (Ancient Greek Βηθλεέμ (Bēthleém))
- Gaza:
- *Gasō f (Ancient Greek Γάζα (Gáza))
- Hebron:
- *Hebrǭ f (Ancient Greek Χεβρών (Khebrṓn))
- Jericho:
- *Jirīhō f (Ancient Greek Ἰεριχώ (Ierikhṓ))
- Nablus:
- *Nijapuliz f (Ancient Greek Νεάπολις (Neápolis))
- *Sihimiz f (Ancient Greek Συχέμ (Sukhém))
- Ramallah:
- *Rāmallāaz m (Arabic رام الله (rām allāh) via Ancient Greek *Ρᾱμαλλᾱος)
Pakistan
- Faisalabad:
- *Faisalābādaz m (फ़ैसलाबाद (faislābād) via Ancient Greek *Φαισαλᾱβᾱδος)
- Gilgit:
- *Gilagitaz m (गिलगित (gilgit) via Ancient Greek *Γελαγετος)
- Gujranwala:
- *Guzarānwālō f (गुजरांवाला (gujrāmvālā) via Ancient Greek *Γοζαρᾱνουᾱλᾱ)
- Hyderabad:
- *Haidarābādaz m (हैदराबाद (haidrābād) via Ancient Greek *Αιδαρᾱβᾱδος)
- Islamabad:
- *Islāmābādaz m (इस्लामाबाद (islāmābād) via Ancient Greek *Εσλᾱμᾱβᾱδος)
- Karachi:
- *Karāsīz m (कराची (karācī) via Ancient Greek *Καρᾱσεις)
- Lahore:
- *Lāhauraz m (लाहौर (lāhaur) via Ancient Greek *Λᾱαυρος)
- Multan:
- *Multānaz m (मुल्तान (multān) via Ancient Greek *Μολτᾱνος)
- Muzaffarabad:
- *Muzaffarābādaz m (मुज़फ़्फ़राबाद (muzaffarābād) via Ancient Greek *Μοζαπφαρᾱβᾱδος)
- Peshawar:
- *Pēsāwaraz m (पेशावर (peśāvar) via Ancient Greek *Πησᾱουαρος)
- Quetta:
- *Kwētō f (क्वेटा (kveṭā) via Ancient Greek *Κουητᾱ)
- Rawalpindi:
- *Rāwalapindīz m (रावलपिंडी (rāvalpiṇḍī) via Ancient Greek *Ρᾱουαλαπενδῑς)
Qatar
- Doha:
- *Dawō f (Arabic الدوحة via Ancient Greek *Δαυᾱ)
Saudi Arabia
- Dammam:
- *Dammāmaz m (Arabic الدمام via Ancient Greek *Δαμμᾱμος)
- Jeddah:
- *Geddō f (Arabic جدة via Ancient Greek *Γεδδᾱ)
- Mecca:
- *Mahhō f (Arabic مكة via Ancient Greek *Μαχχᾱ)
- Medina:
- *Madīnō f (Arabic المدينة via Ancient Greek *Μαδῑνᾱ)
- Riyadh:
- *Rijāsaz m (Arabic الرياض via Ancient Greek *Ρειᾱσος)
Sri Lanka
- Anuradhapura:
- *Anurādapurajaz m (අනුරාධපුරය (anurādhapuraya) via Ancient Greek *Ανορᾱδαποραιος)
- Badulla:
- *Patulaiz m (பதுளை (patuḷai) via Ancient Greek *Πατολαις)
- *Badullaz m (බදුල්ල (badulla) via Ancient Greek *Βαδολλος)
- Colombo:
- *Kulumbuz m (கொழும்பு (koḻumpu) via Ancient Greek *Κολομβυς)
- *Kulambaz m (කොළඹ (koḷaᵐba) via Ancient Greek *Κολαμβος)
- Galle:
- *Kāliz m (காலி (kāli) via Ancient Greek *Κᾱλις)
- *Gāllaz m (ගාල්ල (gālla) via Ancient Greek *Γᾱλλος)
- Jaffna:
- *Jālpānamz (m-stem) m (யாழ்ப்பாணம் (yāḻppāṇam) via Ancient Greek *Ιᾱλπᾱναμ)
- *Jāpanajaz m (යාපනය (yāpanaya) via Ancient Greek *Ιᾱπαναιος)
- Kandy:
- *Kandiz m (கண்டி (kaṇṭi) via Ancient Greek *Καντις)
- *Mahanuwaraz m (මහනුවර (mahanuwara) via Ancient Greek *Μαανουαρος)
- Kurunegala:
- *Kurunākalz (l-stem) m (யாழ்ப்பாணம் (yāḻppāṇam) via Ancient Greek *Κορονᾱκαλ)
- *Kurunēgalaz m (කුරුණෑගල (kuruṇǣgala) via Ancient Greek *Κορονηγαλος)
- Ratnapura:
- *Ratnapuraz m (රත්නපුර (ratnapura) via Ancient Greek *Ρατναπορος)
- Trincomalee:
- *Tirukōnamalaiz m (திருகோணமலை (tirukōṇamalai) via Ancient Greek *Τιροκωναμαλαις)
- *Trikunāmalajaz m (ත්රිකුණාමළය (trikuṇāmaḷaya) via Ancient Greek *Τρικονᾱμαλαιος)
Syria
- Aleppo:
- *Alabaz m (Arabic ﺣَﻠَﺐ via Ancient Greek *Αλαβος)
- *Berujō f (Ancient Greek Βέροια (Béroia))
- Damascus:
- *Damaskaz m (Ancient Greek Δαμασκός (Damaskós))
- Deir ez-Zor:
- *Dairasūraz m (Arabic دير الزور via Ancient Greek *Δαιραζουρος)
- Hama:
- *Īmaþaz m (Ancient Greek Ημαθ (Ēmath))
- Homs:
- *Imisō f (Ancient Greek Ἔμεσα (Émesa))
- Latakia:
- *Laudikījō f (Ancient Greek Λαοδίκεια (Laodíkeia))
- Raqqa:
- *Rakkō m (Arabic الرقة via Ancient Greek *Ρακκᾱ)
Tajikistan
- Dushanbe:
- *Dūsanbiaz m (Arabic دوشنبه via Ancient Greek *Δουσανβεος)
- Khujand:
- *Hugandō f (Arabic خجندة via Ancient Greek *Χογανδᾱ)
Turkey
- Istanbul:
- *Ēstēnpuliz f (Byzantine Greek εἰς τὴν Πόλιν (eis tḕn Pólin, “to the City”)
- *Kunstantinupuliz f (Ancient Greek Κωνστᾰντῑνούπολῐς (Kōnstantīnoúpolis))
- *Mikilagardaz m (Old Norse Miklagarðr)
- *Kaisaraburgz f ("emperor city", calque of Ancient Greek expression Βασιλέως Πόλις (Basiléōs Pólis, “the city of the emperor”))
United Arab Emirates
- Abu Dhabi:
- *Abūzabī f (Arabic أبو ظبي via Ancient Greek *Αβουζαβῑ)
- Ajman:
- *Agmānaz m (Arabic عجمان via Ancient Greek *Αγμᾱνος)
- Al Ain:
- *Alainaz m (Arabic ٱلْـعَـيْـن (l-ʕayn) via Ancient Greek *Αλαινος)
- Dubai:
- *Dubajaz m (Arabic دبي via Ancient Greek *Δοβαιος)
- Fujairah:
- *Fugairō f (Arabic الفجيرة via Ancient Greek *Φογαιρᾱ)
- Ras Al Khaimah:
- *Rāsalhaimō f (Arabic رأس الخيمة via Ancient Greek *Ρᾱσαλχαιμᾱ)
- Sharjah:
- *Sārikō f (Arabic الشارقة via Ancient Greek *Σᾱρεκᾱ)
- Umm Al Quwayn:
- *Ummalkuwainaz m (Arabic أم القيوين via Ancient Greek *Ομμαλκουαινος)
Yemen
- Aden:
- *Adinaz m (Arabic عدن via Ancient Greek *Αδενος)
- Al Hudaydah:
- *Aludaidō f (Arabic الْحُدَيْدَة (al-ḥudayda) via Ancient Greek *Αλοδαιδᾱ)
- Sana'a:
- *Sanāaz m (Arabic صَنْعَاء (ṣanʕāʔ) via Ancient Greek *Σανᾱος)
- Taiz:
- *Þaisaz m (Arabic تعز via Ancient Greek *Θαεζος)
Europe
Austria
- Eisenstadt:
- Feldkirch:
- Graz:
- Innsbruck:
- Klagenfurt:
- Linz:
- Salzburg:
- St. Pölten:
Belarus
- Brest-Litovsk:
- Grodno:
- Minsk:
Belgium
- Antwerp:
- Bruges:
- Brussels:
- Charleroi:
- Ghent:
- Liège:
- Namur:
- Tournai:
Denmark
France
- Agen:
- Aire:
- Ajaccio:
- Amiens:
- Angers:
- Avignon:
- Bayonne:
- Beauvais:
- Belfort:
- Besançon:
- Bordeaux:
- Colmar:
- Dax:
- *Dakwō f (Latin de + Latin aqua)
- Dijon:
- Épinal:
- La Rochelle:
- Lescar:
- Lyon:
- Marseille:
- Melun:
- Metz:
- Montbéliard:
- Nancy:
- Nice:
- Orleans:
- Paris:
- Périgueux:
- Poitiers:
- Rouen:
- Saint-Claude:
- Saint-Dié:
- Saint-Étienne:
- Strasbourg:
- Toul:
- Toulouse:
- Troyes:
- Verdun:
Germany
- Aachen:
- Augsburg:
- Berlin:
- *Berlīnaz m (Old Polabian *berl-/birl- ("swamp") + Proto-Slavic *-inъ)
- Bochum:
- Bonn:
- Chemnitz:
- *Kāmanīkō f (Proto-Slavic *kamy + Proto-Slavic *-ica)
- Cologne:
- Dortmund:
- Düsseldorf:
- Essen:
- Frankfurt:
- Leipzig:
- Mainz:
- Munich:
- *Munikaz m (Vulgar Latin monicus)
- *Munahaz m (Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós))
- Münster:
- *Munastīriją n (Ancient Greek μοναστήριον (monastḗrion))
- Stuttgart:
- Trier:
Greece
- Athens:
- *Aþīnō f (Ancient Greek Ἀθῆναι (Athênai))
- Corfu:
- *Kurkīrō f (Ancient Greek Κόρκῡρᾰ (Kórkūra))
- Corinth:
- *Kurinþaz m (Ancient Greek Κόρινθος (Kórinthos))
- Heraklion:
- *Īraklīją n (Ancient Greek Ηράκλειον (Ērákleion))
- Larissa:
- *Larīsō f (Ancient Greek Λάρισα (Lárisa))
- Patras:
- *Patrôz f pl (Ancient Greek Πάτραι (Pátrai))
- Sparta:
- *Spartō f (Ancient Greek Σπάρτᾱ (Spártā))
- Thessaloniki:
Iceland
Ireland
- Dublin:
- Waterford:
- Wexford:
- Wicklow:
Italy
- Aosta:
- Bari:
- Bologna:
- Catanzaro:
- *Katanþiraz m (Ancient Greek Κατανθέρος (Katanthéros))
- Florence:
- Genoa:
- *Gen(u)wō f (Latin Genua)
- Milan:
- Naples:
- Palermo:
- Perugia:
- Potenza:
- Rome:
- Trento:
- Triest:
- Turin:
- Venice:
- Verona:
The Netherlands
- Alkmaar:
- Almelo:
- Almere:
- Amersfoort:
- Amsterdam:
- Apeldoorn:
- Arnhem:
- Breda:
- Deventer:
- Dordrecht:
- Eindhoven:
- Enschede:
- Gouda:
- Groningen:
- Haarlem:
- Heerhugowaard:
- Heerlen:
- Hilversum:
- Hoofddorp:
- IJmuiden:
- Leiden:
- Maastricht:
- Nijmegen:
- Roosendaal:
- 's-Hertogenbosch:
- The Hague:
- Utrecht:
- Venlo:
- Zoetermeer:
Poland
- Bydgoszcz:
- Gdansk:
- Katowice:
- *Kātawīkō f (*Kat + Proto-Slavic *-ovъ + Proto-Slavic *-ica)
- *Kantawīkō f (Proto-Slavic *kǫtъ)
- Lodz:
- *Aldī f (Proto-Slavic *oldi)
- Lublin:
- *Leubalīnaz m (Proto-Slavic *ľubь + Proto-Slavic *-inъ)
- Szczecin:
- Terespol:
- *Tirisōpuliz f (Teresa + Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis))
Portugal
- Bragança:
- Coimbra:
- Évora:
- Porto:
- Lisbon:
Russia
- Krasnodar:
- Moscow:
- *Maskūz f (Proto-Slavic *mosky)
- Novgorod:
- *Nawagardaz m (Proto-Slavic *novъ + Proto-Slavic *gordъ)
- Rostov:
- Smolensk:
- Stavropol:
- *Staurapuliz f (Ancient Greek σταυρός (staurós) + Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis))
- St. Petersburg:
- Tver:
- Volgograd:
- Yaroslavl:
- *Jāraslāwōz f (Proto-Slavic *jarъ + Proto-Slavic *slava)
Spain
- Barcelona:
- Bilbao:
- Burgos:
- Ciudad Real:
- Huesca:
- León:
- Málaga:
- Osma:
- Palencia:
- Pontevedra:
- Sant Feliu de Llobregat:
- Seville:
- Terrassa:
- Toledo:
- Valencia:
- Valladolid:
- *Wallitulitą n (Celtiberian Vallis Tolitum)
- Vitoria:
- Zaragoza:
Sweden
- Gothenburg:
- Malmö:
- Stockholm:
- Uppsala:
Switzerland
- Basel:
- Fribourg:
- Geneva:
- Lausanna:
- Neuchâtel:
- Thun:
- Zürich:
United Kingdom
- Bath:
- Birmingham:
- Bradford:
- Brighton:
- Bristol:
- Canterbury:
- Carlisle:
- Chelmsford:
- Chester:
- Derby:
- Ely:
- Exeter:
- Gloucester:
- Hereford:
- Lincoln:
- London:
- Manchester:
- Newcastle:
- Norwich:
- Oxford:
- Peterborough:
- Portsmouth:
- Preston:
- St Albans:
- Salford:
- Sheffield:
- Wakefield:
- Wells:
- Westminster:
- Winchester:
- York: